8th grade English grammar

Июль 29, 2022

Содержание

2. Present Simple (+) Subject (noun/pronoun) + Verb (Verb + s/es if 3rd person singular) +… (-)
3. Present Simple Used when: When we want to state some facts or characteristics of an object
4. Present Simple When we mention schedules (time of arrival/leaving of trains, airplanes, etc.) Ex. Our train
5. Markers of Present Simple always всегда often часто usually обычно sometimes иногда regularly постоянно seldom изредка
6. Present Continuous (+) Subject + be + Verb+ing +… (-) Subject + be + not +
7. Present Continuous Used when: When we speak about actions that are happening at the moment of
8. Present Continuous When we give description of the situations, that do not happen at the real
9. Present Continuous We use Present Continuous when we talk about changes, especially with this verbs: get,
10. Markers of Present Continuous now сейчас still всё ещё at the moment в данный момент always
11. Difference between Present Simple and Present Continuous
12. Stative Verbs Verbs that we normally do not use in progressive aspect: denoting feelings: like, love,
13. We can use some verbs that we do not usually use in progressive aspect when they
14. Present Perfect (+) Subject + have/has + Verb (-ed or irregular form) + … (-) Subject
15. Present Perfect
16. Present Perfect
17. Present Perfect
18. Markers of Present Perfect just только что already уже yet еще не (в отрицательной форме), уже
19. Present Perfect Progressive (+) Subject + have/has + been + Verb-ing +… (-) Subject + have/has
20. Present Perfect Continuous
21. Present Perfect Continuous When we want to emphasize or exaggerate some things (usually about habits that
22. Markers of Present Perfect Progressive all day long целый день since с… (какого-либо времени) for в
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Present Simple
(+) Subject (noun/pronoun) + Verb (Verb + s/es if 3rd

person singular) +…
(-) Subject + do/does + not + Verb (infinite form with out to)
(?) Do/Does + Subject + Verb (infinite form with out to)

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Present Simple
Used when:
When we want to state some facts or characteristics

of an object
Ex. She is kind.
Water boils at 100 C.
When we speak about regular actions that happen sometimes or all the time
Ex. I usually do not stay up all night.
He always tells only truth.

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Present Simple
When we mention schedules (time of arrival/leaving of trains, airplanes,

etc.)
Ex. Our train arrives in 15 minutes.
When the verb can not be used in progressive aspect
Ex. I see you right now.
In some cases we use Present Simple in the articles when we talk about some past actions
Ex. Local man saves the family from fire.

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Markers of Present Simple
always всегда
often часто
usually обычно
sometimes иногда

regularly постоянно
seldom изредка
from time to time время от времени
rarely редко
never никогда
every day каждый день
every week каждую неделю
every month каждый месяц
every year каждый год
on Mondays по понедельникам
at the weekend на выходных
at weekends по выходным
at 7 o'clock в 7 часов

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Present Continuous
(+) Subject + be + Verb+ing +…
(-) Subject + be

+ not + Verb-ing +…
(?) Be + Subject + Verb-ing+..?

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Present Continuous
Used when:
When we speak about actions that are happening

at the moment of speech
Ex. I am writing an essay, please, don’t bother me.
When we talk about actions that are not finished yet – a doer of the action is in the middle of it: they started it in the past, they are still doing it, the action is not finished yet.
Ex. She is cooking her favorite dish.

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Present Continuous
When we give description of the situations, that do not

happen at the real time
Ex. Steve is speaking on the phone. He says: Hello!
When we talk about some period of our lives
Ex. Kate is learning Spanish, because she wants to move there (it does not mean that she is learning it at the moment of our speech)
Usually I live alone, but now I am living with my brother.

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Present Continuous
We use Present Continuous when we talk about changes, especially

with this verbs:
get, change, become, increase, rise, drop, fall, grow, improve, begin, start
Ex. She is getting better every day.
When we want to emphasize or exaggerate some things (usually about habits that annoy us)
Ex. You are always talking on the phone!
When we talk about future actions that we know about
Ex. We are painting the walls next week.

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Markers of Present Continuous
now сейчас
still всё ещё
at the moment

в данный момент
always всегда
constantly постоянно

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Difference between Present Simple and Present Continuous

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Stative Verbs
Verbs that we normally do not use in progressive aspect:
denoting

feelings: like, love, hate, want, need, prefer
mental activity: know, realize, suppose, mean, understand, remember
denoting state of object: consist, seem, contain, belong, fit

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We can use some verbs that we do not usually use

in progressive aspect when they change their meaning

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Present Perfect
(+) Subject + have/has + Verb (-ed or irregular form)

+ …
(-) Subject + have/has + not + Verb (-ed or irregular form) + …
(?) Have/has + Subject + Verb (-ed or irregular form) + ..?

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Present Perfect

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Present Perfect

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Present Perfect

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Markers of Present Perfect
just только что
already уже
yet еще не (в отрицательной

форме), уже (в вопросе)
always всегда
never никогда
today сегодня
this day сегодня
this week на этой неделе
this summer этим летом
recently недавно
hardly ever едва ли когда-либо

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