Modern english lexicology

Август 10, 2022

Содержание

2. Lexicology as a branch of linguistics. Branches of lexicology “lexicology” 2 Greek morphemes: lexis (“word”) and
3. Lexicology comprises etymology semantics(semasiology) morphology(word structure) phraseology vocabulary stock and stratification lexicography
4. I. V. Arnold distinguishes the following problems of lexicology: The problem of a word as a
5. G.B. Antroushina considers that 1. The problem of word-building is associated with prevailing morphological word-structures, and
6. Kinds of Lexicology general special contrastive descriptive historical applied
7. General l. : vocabulary and words in general irrespective of the features of a particular language.
8. Descriptive L. studies vocabulary at a given stage of the language development, the interdependence of morphological
9. OBJECTS OF STUDY IN LEXICOLOGY words word equivalents vocabulary as a system formed by all lexical
10. a) two-facet elements b) possess form and meaning LEXICAL UNITS
11. WORD: the central element of a language system. Words - the biggest units of morphology and
12. MORPHEME: the smallest invisible two-facet language unit possessing the sound-form and meaning
13. WORD EQUIVALENT: consists of two or more words possesses all the features of words in the
14. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE VOCABULARY STUDY Synchronic(descriptive) (Greek syn “together with” and chronos “time”) Diachronic(historical)(dia “through”
15. Links with the other parts of linguistics Phonetics :the sound form of a word Grammar :
16. Methods and procedures of lexicological research contextual analysis componential analysis distributional analysis transformational analysis etc.
17. RESEARCH METHODS method of distribution method of substitution method of transformation quantitative method etc.
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Lexicology as a branch of linguistics. Branches of lexicology
“lexicology” 2 Greek

morphemes: lexis (“word”) and logos (“learning”) “the science of a word”
“word” : the basic unit of a language resulting from the association of a particular grammatical employment (usage)
“vocabulary” : the system formed by the sum total of all the words that the language possesses

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Lexicology comprises
etymology
semantics(semasiology)
morphology(word structure)
phraseology
vocabulary stock and stratification
lexicography

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I. V. Arnold distinguishes the following problems of lexicology:
The problem of

a word as a basic unit of language;
Types of lexical units;
The structure of the language vocabulary;
The functioning of lexical units;
The ways of replenishing and developing of the vocabulary;
Vocabulary and extra-linguistic reality

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G.B. Antroushina considers that
1. The problem of word-building is associated with

prevailing morphological word-structures, and with process of making new words;
2. The problem of meaning in the limits of which the approaches to the study of meaning are characterized by two different levels: syntagmatic and paradigmatic;
3. The problem of phraseological units (the word-groups which are characterized by the stability of structure and transferred meaning).

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Kinds of Lexicology
general
special
contrastive
descriptive
historical
applied

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General l. : vocabulary and words in general irrespective of the

features of a particular language. Special l. :the vocabulary of a particular language (English, Russian, German etc.) Contrastive l. compares vocabulary of different languages (e.g. Russian – English)

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Descriptive L. studies vocabulary at a given stage of the language

development, the interdependence of morphological and semantic structures of a word Historical L. studies evolution of vocabulary. Applied L. deals with translation, methods of teaching, literary criticism, ethnography etc.

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OBJECTS OF STUDY IN LEXICOLOGY
words
word equivalents
vocabulary as a system formed by

all lexical units

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a) two-facet elements b) possess form and meaning
LEXICAL UNITS

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WORD: the central element of a language system.
Words - the

biggest units of morphology and the smallest of syntax.
Words embody the main structural properties of the language.
Words can be separated in an utterance by other such units and can be used separately.

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MORPHEME:
the smallest invisible two-facet language unit possessing the sound-form and meaning

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WORD EQUIVALENT:
consists of two or more words
possesses all the features of

words in the semantic and functional aspects
e.g. all right, for the sake of,never mind

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METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE VOCABULARY STUDY
Synchronic(descriptive) (Greek syn “together with” and

chronos “time”)
Diachronic(historical)(dia “through” and chronos “time”)
e.g to beg - beggar
(The distinction is due to the Swiss philologist Ferdinand de Saussure)

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Links with the other parts of linguistics
Phonetics :the sound form of

a word
Grammar : grammatical relations between words
Stylistics:expressive means and stylistic devices (i.e.lexical forms to intensify the speech)
History of a language: evolution of words
Sociolinguistics:the extra-linguistic or social causes of changes in the vocabulary

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Methods and procedures of lexicological research
contextual analysis
componential analysis
distributional analysis
transformational

analysis etc.

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Modern english lexicology

Содержание

Lexicology as a branch of linguistics. Branches of lexicology“lexicology” 2 Greek

Lexicology comprisesetymology semantics(semasiology)morphology(word structure)phraseology vocabulary stock and stratification lexicography

I. V. Arnold distinguishes the following problems of lexicology:The problem of

G.B. Antroushina considers that1. The problem of word-building is associated with

Kinds of Lexicologygeneralspecialcontrastivedescriptivehistoricalapplied

General l. : vocabulary and words in general irrespective of the

Descriptive L. studies vocabulary at a given stage of the language

OBJECTS OF STUDY IN LEXICOLOGYwordsword equivalentsvocabulary as a system formed by

a) two-facet elements b) possess form and meaning LEXICAL UNITS

WORD: the central element of a language system. Words - the

MORPHEME:the smallest invisible two-facet language unit possessing the sound-form and meaning

WORD EQUIVALENT:consists of two or more wordspossesses all the features of

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE VOCABULARY STUDYSynchronic(descriptive) (Greek syn “together with” and

Links with the other parts of linguisticsPhonetics :the sound form of

Methods and procedures of lexicological researchcontextual analysiscomponential analysis distributional analysis transformational

RESEARCH METHODSmethod of distributionmethod of substitutionmethod of transformationquantitative method etc.

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