Содержание
- 2. PLAN Static characteristics of the population Dynamic characteristics of the population Factors dependent on population density
- 3. Population ecology is the study of how the population sizes of species living together in groups
- 4. Population means the members of a species living together in a particular locality for a long
- 5. Population
- 6. Populations has certain environmental characteristics, which are not seen in some of its members, namely: a
- 7. Ecological niche is a set of all the requirements of populations to environmental conditions (structure and
- 8. Static characteristics of the population Рopulation size is the number of individuals organisms in a population.
- 9. The population size is intimately associated with the population biomass, which is its major characteristic. In
- 10. Density - is the population size, per unit of space it occupies. For example, density of
- 11. Dynamic characteristics of the population The dynamics of the population size is seen at interaction of
- 12. Fertility means ability to increase the population or the number of offspring produced by one female
- 13. Maximum birthrate is a theoretically maximum number of species produced under ideal conditions in the absence
- 14. Mortality means the death of individuals per time unit in the absence of limiting factors.
- 15. Ecological, or realized mortality means the death of individuals per time unit under actual environmental conditions.
- 16. Both mortality and fertility vary greatly with age. For this purpose, the ecological mortality is determined
- 17. The first type is characteristic to many mammals and humans and reflects a lower mortality rate
- 18. Immigration is new individuals which are arrived from other populations
- 19. Emigration is some individuals which gone outside of this population area.
- 20. Growth of the populations Population growth occurs when birth rates exceed death rates or immigration exceeds
- 21. Types of growth
- 22. The reasons for decreasing population Population size increases and decreases over time. There are factors such
- 23. Often, human being or anthropogenic factor (reduction in food supply, reducing the oxygen in the water
- 24. Factor impacting the mortality. Factors impacting the population fertility and mortality act more effectively if there
- 25. Factors dependent on population density If population density is high: lack of food; increase in the
- 26. There are factors that are independent of the population density: The impact of unfavorable weather conditions
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