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- 2. Emotive Prose Excerpt Analysis - “Dombey and Son” by Ch.Dickens Message The aim of the author
- 3. Emotive Prose Excerpt Analysis - “Dombey and Son” by Ch.Dickens Principles of Balance and Contrast Each
- 4. Emotive Prose Excerpt Analysis - “Dombey and Son” by Ch.Dickens The tone of the language is
- 5. Outline Stylistics and Pragmatics - Pragmastylistics Act of Communication Illocutionary Act Speech Act Types
- 6. Stylistics A scientific orderly objective study of style of a particular text (writer, movement) as distinct
- 7. Pragmatics focus is not on the language but on its uses and users, ex. “He is
- 8. Pragmatics (Gr. pragma – ‘deed’) a term of semiotics: the science of signs suitable for communication
- 9. Pragmatics as an aspect of semiotics, pragmatics studies the act of communication
- 10. Act of Communication (Roman Jacobson)
- 11. Act of Communication - Context Verbal context – text or speech surrounding an expression (word, sentence,
- 12. Act of Communication - Message Message: Propositional content (proposition) – what the words put together in
- 13. Act of Communication – understanding a natural language “To understand a natural language is, in part,
- 14. Act of Communication: Example -“Excuse me. Do you know the way to Cardiff, please?” -“Yes, of
- 15. Pragmatics: J.Austin John Austin “How to do things with words” (1962): people perform speech acts, they
- 16. Illocutionary Act: Example “Tom: "Everything that has a beginning, has an ending. Make your peace with
- 17. Illocutionary Act: Example Analysis Illocution: the attempt to assuage the pain of parting / to calm
- 18. Pragmatics: Searle John Searle (1932-, American philosopher, Berkley, California) attempted to synthesize ideas from: J.Austin (the
- 19. Pragmatics: Searle John Searle “Speech Acts” (1969): representatives (statement, accusation, assertion, conclusion) directives (request, advice, prohibition,
- 20. Representative Speech Act commits the speaker to the truth of an expressed proposition; represents the speaker’s
- 21. Directive Speech Act occurs when the speaker expects the listener to do something as a response:
- 22. Expressive Speech Act occurs in a conversation when the speaker expresses his/her attitudes and emotions (psychological
- 23. Commissive Speech Act occurs when the speaker commits to a future course of action: I will
- 24. Declaration occurs when the speaker (having a special institutional role) contributes to changing the reality in
- 25. Pragmatics
- 26. Speech Acts: Example Tom: 1) Hello, Erica. Erica: 2) Where have you been? Tom: Waiting. Until
- 27. Speech Acts: Example Analysis 1) Hello, Erica. -expressive 2) Where have you been? - directive 3)
- 28. Indirect Speech Acts In indirect speech acts the speaker communicates to the hearer more than he
- 29. Indirect Speech Acts Compare: Move out of the way! Do you have to stay in front
- 30. Indirect Speech Acts: Example Tom: I'm not cut out to be her doctor. Or anybody's doctor.
- 31. Pragmastylistics “the study of all the conditions, linguistic and extralinguistic, which allow the rules of a
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