Unit 3 – past simple

Август 12, 2022

Содержание

2. The past simple Let’s look at: When we use the past simple. The verb to be
3. Function: When do we use it? Last year, I travelled to Paris because I wanted to
4. Function: When do we use it? Last year, I travelled to Paris. 1. To talk about
5. Form: the verb to be in the past simple I was at the Tower early, but
6. Form: the verb to be in the past simple We make questions with the verb to
7. Regular verbs Last year, I travelled to Paris because I wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower.
8. Regular verbs We add -ed to the verb to make a regular past simple conjugation. Here
9. Let’s consider pronunciation There are three different ways to pronounce the -ed past simple ending. Let’s
10. Irregular verbs Look at this part of the conversation. How many irregular past simple verbs can
11. Irregular verbs These are just a few examples of past simple irregular verbs. Make a list
12. Negative and question forms Look at the examples in the tables and complete the patterns with
13. Negative and question forms We use the auxiliary verb didn’t with I, you, he/she/it, we, you
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The past simple
Let’s look at:
When we use the past simple.
The verb

to be in the past simple.
Regular verbs in the past simple.
Irregular verbs in the past simple.
Negative, question and short answer forms in the past simple.

When do we use it?

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Function: When do we use it?
Last year, I travelled to Paris

because I wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower. I really liked it, but it was very busy and there were many people.

Is the girl talking about the present or the past?

She mentions a time in the past. What is it?

Does this time period have any relation to the present or is it finished/completed?

The past.

Last year.

Did all the events and feelings she mentions happen at this time?

Yes.

No. The time period (last year) and the events are finished/completed.

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Function: When do we use it?
Last year, I travelled to Paris.
1.

To talk about completed or finished actions in the past.

2. To describe states or feelings from a specific time in the past.

I wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower. I really liked it.

3. Often used with past time expressions (which refer to specific times).

Last year, I travelled to Paris.

She travelled in the past. The action is completed. She isn’t travelling now.

She had these feelings at this specific time in the past (last year).

Other past time expressions used with the past simple are:
1. Yesterday
2. Last month/year/week
3. Two days/a month ago
4. In 1997

The verb to be in the past simple.

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Form: the verb to be in the past simple
I was at

the Tower early, but my friends were late. It was 2pm when we climbed to the top and we were very hot! I wasn’t very happy!

The Eiffel Tower is always very busy in the afternoons. What time were you there?

Look at the continuation of the conversation above about Paris. Find examples of the verb to be in the past and complete the table.

Now add the negatives. Look at the example first…

wasn’t (was not)

weren’t (were not)

wasn’t (was not)

weren’t (were not)

Look at the example of a question in the conversation above. Do we use an auxiliary verb with the verb to be?

No. We invert the subject and the verb to be.

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Form: the verb to be in the past simple
We make questions

with the verb to be by inverting the subject and the verb. Look at the example below.

Remember, there are two types of questions – open questions (which need long answers) and closed questions (which need yes/no answers).

We use short answers with closed questions.

Regular verbs…

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Regular verbs
Last year, I travelled to Paris because I wanted to

visit the Eiffel Tower. I really liked it, but it was very busy and there were many people.

Look at the conversation you read earlier. There are three examples of regular verbs in the past simple. Can you find them?

travelled

wanted

liked

What do we add to the verb to create a regular conjugation in the past simple?

We add -ed.

Sometimes the spelling changes a little. Is there an example here?

Yes - ‘travelled’. Double the consonant ‘l’ +
-ed.

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Regular verbs
We add -ed to the verb to make a regular

past simple conjugation.

Here are some examples of regular past simple verbs.

Notice how some of the verbs have small changes in spelling.

Double consonant + -ed.

Verb ends in the letter
-e so just + -d.

Here, the verb ends in
-y (study) and it changes to -ied. This doesn’t always happen, e.g. play – played.

In American English, ‘travelled’ only has one ‘l’.

Let’s consider…

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Let’s consider pronunciation
There are three different ways to pronounce the -ed

past simple ending.

Let’s look at this table again. Notice the three different columns.

The pronunciation of the -ed ending depends on the last sound in the verb.

Verbs that end in a /t/ or
/d/ sounds = add an extra syllable with /ɪd/. Look at this example…

verbs ending in /t/ or /d/ = + /ɪd/ EXTRA SYLLABLE

WANT WANTED

/t/ sound

/ɪd/ sound

two syllables

one syllable

Verbs that end in an unvoiced sound (your throat doesn’t vibrate when you make the sound) = + /t/ sound.
NO EXTRA SYLLABLE.

verbs ending an unvoiced sound= + /t/

LIKE LIKED

/k/ sound (unvoiced)

/t/ sound

one syllable

Verbs that end in an voiced sound (your throat vibrates when you make the sound) = + /d/ sound.
NO EXTRA SYLLABLE.

verbs ending an voiced sound= + /d/

LIVE LIVED

/v/ sound (voiced)

/d/ sound

one syllable

Irregular verbs…

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Irregular verbs
Look at this part of the conversation. How many irregular

past simple verbs can you find?

When I went to Paris, I ate a lot of different food. I visited lots of places and saw the famous Eiffel Tower too! I met new friends and really liked the city. I had a great time and bought lots of souvenirs!

Six.

Can you match the irregular verbs in the conversation to the infinitives in the table? Look at the example.

was/were

met

had

ate

bought

saw

went

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