Mechanism of active transport

Август 22, 2022

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Биология
Mechanism of active transport

Содержание

2. The molecules normally move from high concentration to low concentration by diffusion. But what is negative
3. Transportation of the molecules from low concentration to high concentration by energy consumption is named as
4. In a neuron for the transmission of a nerve impulse, K ions must be inside the
5. Na-K pump
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xweYA-IJTqs
10. Water moves from low concentration to high concentration. Or in other words; water moves from high
11. How can we understand where the concentration of water is high or low? 10% salt solution
12. How can we understand where the concentration of water is high or low? 90% salt solution
13. As a definition we have said that “Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable
14. The animation above show the passage of water molecules from low to high concentration
15. In Hypotonic mediums water concentration is high but matter concentration is low. In Isotonic mediums the
16. Example for Hypotonic medium; The word "HYPO" means less In this case there are less solute
17. Example for Isotonic medium; "ISO" means the same If the concentration of solute (salt) is equal
18. Example for Hypertonic medium; The word "HYPER" means more In this case there are more solute
19. https://www.liveworksheets.com/il687754hr
20. If we put a cell in these three mediums some extreme conditions like PLASMOLYSIS and DEPLASMOLYSIS
21. The material is prepared Sugar is added on it. Sugar sucks the juices in the material
22. DEPLASMOLYSIS If a cell is replaced in a hypotonic medium, the cell swells. Because of the
23. The plant cells are protected by the cell wall and its hard to see plasmolysis and
24. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VPwLN6U1spk
27. Скачать презентацию

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The molecules normally move from high concentration to low concentration by

diffusion.
But what is negative in diffusion is that it stops at a time and there can not be any transportation after a period of time.
The cell already needs some molecules more than diffusion can provide and also the cell must excrete some molecules which can not be excreted by diffusion sufficiently.
The molecules which are needed more and which are not needed can only be excreted by energy consumption.

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Transportation of the molecules from low concentration to high concentration by

energy consumption is named as active transportation.

Cell exterior

Cell MEMBRANE

Cell INTERIOR

Complex

Molecule

ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION

ADP

ATP

ADP

ATP

Molecule

Carrier Protein

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In a neuron for the transmission of a nerve impulse, K

ions must be inside the cell and Na ions outside.
Provision of such a state is only possible by using energy. Because K ions have a tendency to be out of the cell where Na ions have a tendency to be inside.
To provide this state the cell uses energy to even accept / send the smallest amount of K / Na ions.
This mechanism in our nervous system provides the transmission of impulses. Thus, provides the normal functioning of our body.

Na-K pump is a good example for active transportation;

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Na-K pump

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xweYA-IJTqs

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Water moves from low concentration to high concentration.
Or in other words;

water moves from high water concentration to low water concentration.

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How can we understand where the concentration of water is high

or low?

10% salt solution

1st and the most common method
[according to the solute’s percentage]

30% salt solution

LOW CONCENTRATION

HIGH CONCENTRATION

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How can we understand where the concentration of water is high

or low?

90% salt solution

2nd method
[according to the solvent’s (water’s) percentage]

70% salt solution

HIGH WATER CONCENTRATION

LOW WATER CONCENTRATION

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As a definition we have said that “Osmosis is the diffusion

of water across a semi-permeable membrane”
The second method tells us this fact since water moves from high water concentration to low water concentration.

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The animation above show the passage of water molecules from low

to high concentration

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In Hypotonic mediums water concentration is high but matter concentration is

low.
In Isotonic mediums the water and the matter concentrations are equal.
In Hypertonic mediums the water concentration is low but the matter concentration is high.

The mediums (solutions) are named as;

Hypotonic medium (solution)
Isotonic medium (solution)
Hypertonic medium (solution)

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Example for Hypotonic medium;
The word "HYPO" means less
In this case there

are less solute (salt) molecules outside the cell, since salt sucks, water will move into the cell.
The cell will gain water and grow larger.

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Example for Isotonic medium;
"ISO" means the same
If the concentration of solute

(salt) is equal on both sides, the water will move back in forth but it won't have any result on the overall amount of water on either side.

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Example for Hypertonic medium;
The word "HYPER" means more
In this case there

are more solute (salt) molecules outside the cell, which causes the water to be sucked in that direction.

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https://www.liveworksheets.com/il687754hr

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If we put a cell in these three mediums some extreme

conditions like PLASMOLYSIS and DEPLASMOLYSIS take place.

PLASMOLYSIS:
If a cell is replaced in a hypertonic medium, the cell shrinks. Because the cell looses water. We call the shrinking of the cell as plasmolysis.
In this case the cell may die.

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