World Health Assembly

Август 24, 2022

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World Health Assembly

Содержание

2. World Health Assembly The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the forum through which the World Health
3. Brief History The basic procedures, goals and objectives of the World Health Assembly have been the
4. Brief History The Interim Commission of WHO was formed in Geneva in 1946 to chart the
5. Goal The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the decision-making body of the World Health Organization (WHO).
6. Structure The WHA takes place every year in the month of May at the United Nations
7. The World Health Assembly meets in the assembly hall of the Palace of Nations, in Geneva
8. Countries The original membership of the WHA, at the first assembly held in 1948, numbered 55
9. Countries The Department of Health of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, was invited
10. Funding Community-directed treatment activities are funded through three mechanisms: Trust funds available through APOC Contributions from
11. Summary of APOC Trust Fund resources
12. Achievements The main international policy frameworks adopted through WHA resolutions include: International Health Regulations International Code
13. Achievements In addition, the WHA has endorsed through resolutions a number of WHO action plans dealing
14. Controversies Taiwan was invited as an observer to the WHA for 8 years between 2008 and
15. Importance of WHA in global health: World Health Assembly plays a vital role in global health,
16. Relations with India Supporting an improved role of the Government of India in global health Ensuring
17. Relations with India Promoting access to and utilization of affordable, efficiently networked and sustainable quality services
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World Health Assembly
The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the forum through which the World

Health Organization (WHO) is governed by its 194 member states. It is the world's highest health policy setting body and is composed of health ministers from member states.
The members of the WHA generally meet every year in May in Geneva at the Palace of Nations, the location of WHO Headquarters. The main tasks of the WHA are to decide major policy questions, as well as to approve the WHO work programme and budget and elect its Director-General.

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Brief History
The basic procedures, goals and objectives of the World Health

Assembly have been the same since the Organization was founded, but the first health Assembly in 1948 was, in many ways, unique and different from all others.
The first World Health Assembly (WHA) was convened, barely two months after WHO was born, at a time when the organization did not have a headquarters

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Brief History
The Interim Commission of WHO was formed in Geneva in

1946 to chart the roadmap for the future Organization and draft its Constitution and other core documents. After WHO was born on 7 April 1948, the Interim Commission set 24 June as the date for convening the first Health Assembly and selected Geneva as its venue.
The original membership of the WHA, at the first assembly held in 1948, numbered 55 member states.

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Goal
The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the decision-making body of the

World Health Organization (WHO). It brings together delegations from all WHO Member States and focuses on a specific health agenda prepared by the Executive Board. The main functions of the WHA are to determine the policies of the WHO, appoint the Director-General, supervise financial policies, and review and approve the proposed programme budget.
To determine policies of the organization
To appoint Director-General of WHO
To supervise financial policies
To review and approve proposed budget of the programs

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Structure
The WHA takes place every year in the month of May

at the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland. It is attended by delegations from all 194 WHO Member States. Every year WHA comes up with new health resolutions.
Until now (June 2019), WHA is held up 72 times with challenging resolutions. The 72nd WHA was held on 20-28th May, 2019.
Two main types of the meeting held in WHA each with a different purpose:
Committees meet to debate technical and health matters (Committee A), and financial and management issues (Committee B) and approve the texts of resolutions, which are then submitted to the plenary meeting.
Plenary is the meeting of all delegates to the World Health Assembly.

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The World Health Assembly meets in the assembly hall of the Palace

of Nations, in Geneva (Switzerland).

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Countries
The original membership of the WHA, at the first assembly held

in 1948, numbered 55 member states. The WHA has, currently, 194 member states.
In addition, six agencies have observer status at the WHA – the Vatican, the Palestinian Authority, the Order of Malta, the International Committee of the Red Cross, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, and the Inter-Parliamentary Union.

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Countries
The Department of Health of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, was invited

on 28 April 2009 to participate in the WHA 2009 as an observer for the first time since losing its China seat in United Nations to People's Republic of China in 1971. The invitation was extended to "the Department of Health, Chinese Taipei Since 2017, it has been completely excluded from the WHA.
India was a founding member of the United Nations, joining in 12 October 1945, two years before acquiring independence from the British Raj. By 1946, India had started raising concerns regarding colonialism, apartheid and racial discrimination.

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Funding
Community-directed treatment activities are funded through three mechanisms:
Trust funds available through

APOC
Contributions from the national governments of APOC countries
Funds from non-governmental development organizations.
APOC Trust Fund
APOC is funded entirely from voluntary contributions. The World Bank is the fiscal agent of APOC. It manages the APOC Trust Fund and reports annually to the Joint Action Forum on the financial situation of APOC.

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Summary of APOC Trust Fund resources

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Achievements
The main international policy frameworks adopted through WHA resolutions include:
International Health Regulations
International Code

of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes, adopted in 1981
Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, adopted in 2003
Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel, adopted in 2010

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Achievements
In addition, the WHA has endorsed through resolutions a number of

WHO action plans dealing with different areas to improve health around the world, such as:
Worldwide eradication of smallpox, first endorsed in 1959, and then declared to have been won in 1980
Worldwide eradication of polio, first endorsed in 1988, recently re-affirmed in 2011
Control of human hookworm infection through regular deworming of at-risk school children, endorsed in 2001
WHO global action plan for workers' health, endorsed in 2007
Control of harmful use of alcohol, endorsed in 2010
Enhanced global actions for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, endorsed in 2011

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Controversies
Taiwan was invited as an observer to the WHA for 8 years

between 2008 and 2016, with the name of Chinese Taipei. However, since the 71st WHA in 2017, China has continued to block Taiwan's participation in WHA as an observer. United States Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar has voiced support for Taiwan's inclusion in WHA as an observer.

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Importance of WHA in global health:
World Health Assembly plays a vital

role in global health, through collaboration with the numerous health entities all over the world working for the betterment of humankind in a meteoric phase.
WHA in a global platform shows the importance of Global Mental health to the diverse communities, through organizing programs in cooperation with Global Public Health Education and training.
WHA introduced the second model World Health Assembly in alliance with the office of International Affairs for the Health assortment where people participated in the model assembly and discussed, debated on the issue of global mental health.
Likewise, annually WHA creates health resolution where it addresses trending and challenging health issues that have changed the global health landscape.

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Relations with India
Supporting an improved role of the Government of India

in global health
Ensuring the implementation of International Health Regulations and similar commitments.
Strengthening the pharmaceutical sector including drug regulatory capacity and, trade and health.
Improving the stewardship capacity of the entire Indian health system

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Relations with India
Promoting access to and utilization of affordable, efficiently networked

and sustainable quality services by the entire population
Providing universal health service coverage so that every individual would achieve health gain from a health intervention when needed.
Properly accrediting service delivery institutions (primary health care facilities and hospitals) to deliver the agreed service package.
Helping to confront the new epidemiological reality of India
Scaling up reproductive, maternal, new-born, child and adolescent health services.
Addressing increased combinations of communicable and noncommunicable diseases.
Gradual, phased “transfer strategy” of WHO services to the national, state and local authorities without erosion of effectiveness during the transition period.