Glaciers and relief

features of climate and relief that determine existence and scale of glaciation , the types of the glaciers and the tendencies of their development [Tronov, 1978]. Oroclimatic base of the mountain glaciation includes the following factors:
1. climatic or general climatic
2. orographic or oroclimatic
3. morphologic, including microclimatic features of the forms of relief.

the region (macroclimate) and of the general features of relief, that take part in the development of the macroclimate. Macroclimate depends on geographic position (climatic zone, continental sector), altitude and aspect of the mountain ridges. It is usually characterized by climatic parameters within very wide limits. For example, for the Alps the annual precipitation is within 2000-3500 mm, firn line altitude – 2500-3200 m.

slopes in their long extension, large flat areas (planation surfaces) etc. that depends on the location of the ridges and plains within the mountain region, their aspect, slope angles etc. Mezoclimate is characterized by average values of climatic parameters (precipitation, vertical gradient of temperature,

the forms of divison of the slope where it is situated. The most typical are microclimates of the cirques.