Human papilloma virus

Июль 25, 2022

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Human papilloma virus

Содержание

2. Properties of HPVs Family: Papillomaviridae Genus: Papillomavirus Members: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) HPV was named because of
3. Structure small, non-enveloped, icosahedral DNA viruses that have a diameter of 52–55 nm. single double-stranded DNA
4. HPV Pathogenesis Source: skin lesion and genital lesion, new lesions are probably more infective than older.
5. HPV Pathogenesis
6. Clinical Manifestations Incubation period of HPV disease is usually 3 to 4 months, up to 2
8. Anogenital Cancers Cervical cancer: Strong association: HPV-16, 18, 31, 45 Moderate association: HPV-33, 35, 39, 51,
9. How Does HPV “Cause” Cancer? In high-risk HPV strains 16, 18, 31, 39, 45 and 59:
11. The Bad News Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women world
12. …The Good News 90% of women infected with HPV clear the infection through natural means within
13. Risk Factors for Acquiring a Genital HPV Infection Young age (less than 25 years) Multiple sex
14. Infection Is Sexually Transmitted
15. HPV Diagnostic Techniques History Visual exam Pap smears DNA testing Normal Pap test Abnormal Pap test
16. HPV Prevention Abstinence Monogamy Condoms Removal of warts Vaccine (females aged 9-26) 50% to 70% of
18. Скачать презентацию

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Properties of HPVs
Family: Papillomaviridae
Genus: Papillomavirus
Members: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs)
HPV was named because

of an association with small epithelial proliferations:
'Papilla' = nipple (Latin).
'Oma' = tumor (Greek).
HPVs selectively infect the epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes. These infections may be asymptomatic, produce warts, or be associated with a variety of benign and malignant neoplasias.
>100 HPV types occur.

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Structure
small, non-enveloped, icosahedral DNA viruses that have a diameter of 52–55

nm.
single double-stranded DNA molecule of about 8000 base-pairs (bp) that is bound to cellular histones a protein capsid composed of 72 pentameric capsomers.
capsid contains two structural proteins — late 1 and Late 2 — which are both virally encoded.

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HPV Pathogenesis
Source: skin lesion and genital lesion, new lesions are probably

more infective than older.
Transmission: spread is via direct contact, genital area transmitted via sexual route.
Target: HPV are highly tropic for epithelial cells of the skin and mucous membrane. All types of squamous epithelium can be infected by HPV.
Replication of HPV: begins with the infection of basal cells. As cellular differentiation proceeds, HPV DNA replicates and is transcribed. Ultimately, virions are assembled in the nucleus and released when keratinocytes are shed.
This process is associated with proliferation of all epidermal layers except the basal layer and produces hyperkeratosis.
Histologically normal epithelium may contain HPV DNA, and residual DNA after treatment can be associated with recurrent disease

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HPV Pathogenesis

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Clinical Manifestations
Incubation period of HPV disease is usually 3 to 4

months, up to 2 years.
These infections may be:
1- Asymptomatic
2- Produce warts
3- Associated with a variety of benign and malignant neoplasia
The clinical manifestations of HPV infection depend on the location of the lesions and the type of virus.
Warts in humans, including:
1- Skin warts (common warts): benign, usually occur on the hands as flesh-colored to brown, often regress spontaneously (HPV-2, -4, -27, -57).
2- Plantar warts : painful (HPV-1).
3- Flat wart: common among children, face, neck, chest, and flexor surfaces of the forearms and legs (HPV-3, -10, -28).
4- Anogenital warts (genital condyloma):
sexually transmitted genital lesions
skin and mucosal surfaces of the external genitalia and perianal areas.
caused by specific types of HPVs -6,-11, -40, -42-44, -54, types HPV-16 and HPV-18, regularly become malignant if they persist for a sufficiently long time.
5- Laryngeal papilloma type HPV-6, HPV-11. , children.

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Anogenital Cancers
Cervical cancer:
Strong association: HPV-16, 18, 31, 45
Moderate association: HPV-33, 35,

39, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68
Weak or no association: HPV-6, 11, 26, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, 55, 62
Vulvar cancer: HPV-16
Penile cancer: HPV-16

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How Does HPV “Cause” Cancer?
In high-risk HPV strains 16, 18, 31,

39, 45 and 59:
Protein E6 interacts with p53 in the host cell and promotes it’s degradation via the ubiquitin dependent pathway.
Protein E7 complexes with retinoblastoma protein (Rb), thereby inactivating it.

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The Bad News
Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer

death among women world wide.
An estimated 75% of women in the U.S. will be exposed to HPV at some point in their lives.

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…The Good News
90% of women infected with HPV clear the infection

through natural means within two years.
It may take 10 to 15 years for an HPV infection to develop into cancer.
Vaccines are currently in development against oncogenic strains.

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Risk Factors for Acquiring a Genital HPV Infection
Young age (less than

25 years)
Multiple sex partners
Early age at first intercourse (16 years or younger)
Male partner has (or has had) multiple sex partners

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Infection Is Sexually Transmitted

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HPV Diagnostic Techniques
History
Visual exam
Pap smears
DNA testing
Normal Pap test
Abnormal Pap test
HPV Prevention
HPV

Prevention

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HPV Prevention
Abstinence
Monogamy
Condoms
Removal of warts
Vaccine (females aged 9-26)
50% to 70% of sex

partners of people with genital warts already have or do develop warts.

Human papilloma virus

Содержание

Properties of HPVs Family: PapillomaviridaeGenus: PapillomavirusMembers: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs)HPV was named because

Structuresmall, non-enveloped, icosahedral DNA viruses that have a diameter of 52–55

HPV Pathogenesis Source: skin lesion and genital lesion, new lesions are probably

HPV Pathogenesis

Clinical Manifestations Incubation period of HPV disease is usually 3 to 4

Anogenital Cancers Cervical cancer:Strong association: HPV-16, 18, 31, 45Moderate association: HPV-33, 35,

How Does HPV “Cause” Cancer? In high-risk HPV strains 16, 18, 31,

The Bad News Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer

…The Good News 90% of women infected with HPV clear the infection

Risk Factors for Acquiring a Genital HPV Infection Young age (less than