Содержание
- 2. SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS I. Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists 1. BZD compounds: Diazepam –Tab. 5 mg; amp. 0.5%-2 ml
- 3. II. Hypnotics with Narcotic Effect 1. Barbiturates: ■ Long-acting: 1 - 2 days Phenobarbital (Luminal) –
- 5. iI
- 6. iI
- 7. MECHANISM OF ACTION of BZDs Bind to the α-subunit of the GABAA Rs surrounding the Cl
- 8. Antispasticity Effect: - action on GABAA Rs in the Brain Stem Spinal Chord Sedative and Anticonvulsant
- 9. MECHANISM OF ACTION of Barbiturates Bind to the β-subunit of the GABAA Receptor surrounding the Cl
- 10. Rapid Eye Movement (REM) During sleep, the brain generates a rhythmic activity. Internal sleep cycles recur
- 12. PHENOBARBITAL (Luminal ) Tab. 0.005, 0.05 and 0.1 g Bind to β-subunit of the GABAA Rs
- 13. Pharmacological Effects of Barbiturates 1. Depression of the CNS 2. Respiratory Depression 3. Enzyme Induction: Barbiturates
- 14. Clinical Uses of Barbituretes: ⮟ 1. Anesthesia: Thiopental Sodium IV to induce general anesthesia. ⮟ 2.
- 15. Adverse Effects of Barbiturates: 1. Drowsiness, impaired concentration, mental and physical sluggishness 2. Drug hangover: a
- 16. Poisoning with Barbiturates I Stage (Falling Asleep): slurred speech, sustained Nystagmus, Somnolence; Apathy, Miosis, Bradycardia, Hypersalivation.
- 17. Treatment of Poisoning with Barbiturates Forced Alkaline Diuresis, Adequate Fluids, Acid-base Balance Correction Mannitol, Furosemide (Lasix)
- 18. VITAMINS: B1 6% 5 ml, B6 5% 6-8 ml, B12 600 μg C 5% 5-10 ml.
- 19. Drugs Used to Treat Epilepcy
- 20. Antiepileptic Drugs I. Delaying the recovery from inactivating Na+ channels: Carbamazepine (Finlepsin) Oxcarbazepine Diphenin (Phenytoin)
- 21. Carbamazepine - tab. 0.2 g, 0.4 g Mechanism of action: It blocks Na+ channels => Propagation
- 22. Diphenin (Phenytoin, Hydantoin ) - Tab 0.117 g; amp. 5%-5 ml Mechanism of action: ⮇ Influx
- 23. Teratogenic Effects of Diphenin Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome: Cleft Lip (hare lip) Cleft Palate Congenital Heart Disease
- 24. II. GABA-mimetics: 1. Stimulating GABA-ergic transmission: Sodium Oxybutyrate (Sodium oxybate) 2. Activating GABA Receptors: BARBITURATES, BENZODIAZEPINES
- 25. ● Valproate Sodium (Depakin ) Tab. 0.3 g; amp. 10% - 5 ml; Syrup 5%-120 ml
- 26. III. Inhibiting Excitatory Neurotransmitters and NMDA-receptors: Lamotrigine IV. Inhibitig Low threshold (T-current) Ca2+ channels in the
- 27. Lamotrigine - Tab. 0.05 and 0.1 g an Inhibitor of Exciting Amino Acids – Glutamate and
- 28. Classification of Epilepsy 1. PARTIAL: a. Simple Partial b. Complex Partial 2. GENERALIZED: a. Tonic-clonic (Grand
- 32. Antiparkinsonian Drugs I. Activating Dopaminergic Influences: 1. Precursors of Dopamine: Levodopa (Tab. 0.25 and 0.5 g)
- 33. II. Inhibiting Glutamatergic Influences: Amantadine (Midantane – tab. 0.1 g) III. Inhibiting Cholinergic Influences: Cyclodol (tab.
- 34. Levodopa ( L-DOPA, Dopar ) - a Laevorotatory Isomer of DOPA (Dihydroxy-Phenylalanine) – a precursor of
- 35. Adverse effect of Levodopa: Anorexia, Vomiting Cardiac Arrhythmias Orthostatic Hypotension Aggressive Behavior Seizures Hallucinations, Confusion, Delirium
- 36. Carbidopa and Benserazide - inhibitors of DOPA decarboxylase – do not penetrate the Blood-Brain barrier =>
- 37. Sinemet (Nakom) : Levodopa 100 mg + Carbidopa 25 mg Madopar : Levodopa 100 or 200
- 38. Bromocriptine, an ergotamine derivative, is a Dopamine Receptor Agonist. The actions are similar to those of
- 39. Selegiline (Deprenil) – MAO-B inhibitor Mechanism of Action: This is a selective, irreversible inhibitor of Monoamine
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