Meningococcal disease

Июль 29, 2022

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Meningococcal disease

Содержание

2. Meningococcal Disease: Overview of a Rare but Potentially Deadly Infection
3. Meningococcal Disease in the United States A bacterial infection Neisseria meningitidis An unpredictable disease 98% of
4. Outcomes Can Be Severe, Even with Treatment Serious outcomes include meningitis (most common clinical presentation) and
5. Time Is of the Essence Early symptoms are nonspecific Fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite
6. Modes of Transmission Help Explain Vulnerability of Adolescents and Young Adults Spread through respiratory and throat
7. Helping to Protect Through Timely and Complete Immunization: 2 Doses of MCV4
8. Meningococcal Vaccines in the US Recommended for Use in Adolescents and Young Adults
9. ACIP Recommendations for Routine MCV4 Vaccination1 First dose of MCV4 at 11 or 12 years of
10. Putting the Numbers Together Getty Images/Fuse Getty Images/Blend Images─Peathegee
11. Call to Action: What You Can Do to Help Protect Adolescents
12. Strongly Recommend Meningococcal Immunization A health care provider’s recommendation to vaccinate is a powerful motivator for
13. Focus on Key Points When Speaking with Patients Meningococcal disease is rare but potentially deadly for
14. Vaccinate! Follow ACIP recommendations for routine MCV4 immunization1 Give dose 1 at 11-12 years of age
15. Vaccinate! (cont.) Follow ACIP guidance if dosing is delayed1: If dose 1 is given at 13-15
16. Capture Every Opportunity to Immunize Consider every patient encounter an opportunity to vaccinate with MCV4 and
17. Implement Immunization Processes and Procedures Check immunization status of patients at every visit (“vital sign”) Review
18. Tool Up Standing orders Patient reminder and recall systems Strong evidence of effectiveness in improving adolescent
19. Measure Up Measure your practice’s vaccination rates at least annually1,2 IIS EMR system Chart audit Claims
20. Strengthen the Partnership Recognize that success at immunization is a partnership between the health care provider,
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Meningococcal Disease: Overview of a Rare but Potentially Deadly Infection

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Meningococcal Disease in the United States
A bacterial infection
Neisseria meningitidis
An unpredictable disease
98%

of cases are sporadic; fewer than 2% are related to outbreaks1
Typically occurs among previously healthy children and adolescents2
Approximately 2100-3400 cases occurred annually in the 1990s3
Approximately 370-1000 per year during 2009-20154,5

Getty Images/ROYALTYSTOCKPHOTO

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Outcomes Can Be Severe, Even with Treatment
Serious outcomes include meningitis (most

common clinical presentation) and meningococcemia (bloodstream infection)1
Death rate of 10%-15%, even with antibiotic therapy1

Death rate even higher (up to 40%) for patients who develop meningococcemia1
Up to 20% of people who survive meningococcal disease suffer lifelong disability2
Amputation of arms or legs, hearing loss, brain damage

Courtesy of National Meningitis Association

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Time Is of the Essence
Early symptoms are nonspecific
Fever, headache, nausea, vomiting,

loss of appetite
Mimic symptoms of common viral illnesses
Characteristic symptoms occur later
Hemorrhagic rash, neck stiffness, photophobia
Typically develop approximately 12-15 hours after symptoms begin1
Rapid progression
Death may occur within 24 hours of symptom onset1,2

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Modes of Transmission Help Explain Vulnerability of Adolescents and Young Adults
Spread

through respiratory and throat secretions1
Coughing, sneezing
Kissing
Sharing eating utensils, water bottles, etc
Crowded settings facilitate transmission
College dormitory2
Crowded household2
Military barracks
Nightclubs, bars

Getty Images/Nick Daly

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Helping to Protect Through Timely and Complete Immunization: 2 Doses of

MCV4

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Meningococcal Vaccines in the US Recommended for Use in Adolescents and

Young Adults

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ACIP Recommendations for Routine MCV4 Vaccination1
First dose of MCV4 at 11

or 12 years of age
Recommended since 2005 by CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
A second dose at 16 years of age
Recommended since 2010 by ACIP

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Putting the Numbers Together
Getty Images/Fuse
Getty Images/Blend Images─Peathegee

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Call to Action: What You Can Do to Help Protect Adolescents

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Strongly Recommend Meningococcal Immunization
A health care provider’s recommendation to vaccinate is

a powerful motivator for patients to get immunized1
Reinforce your recommendation with an environment that is:
Enthusiastically pro-vaccine
Committed to fully vaccinating ALL eligible adolescent patients, regardless of whether they are college bound
Provide training, promote leadership
Educate staff on meningococcal disease
Keep them up-to-date on all ACIP vaccine recommendations
Make sure they are fully immunized themselves with the vaccinations they need
Consider designating a vaccine champion or team of champions

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Focus on Key Points When Speaking with Patients
Meningococcal disease is rare

but potentially deadly for people your age
You are at increased risk from your mid-to-late teens into your early 20s
Disease can come on suddenly, without warning, and can quickly become life-threatening
The disease can result in severe, lifelong disability, such as hearing loss, amputation of arms or legs, and brain damage
Meningococcal vaccine is safe and effective
For routine vaccination, 2 doses are recommended

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Vaccinate!
Follow ACIP recommendations for routine MCV4 immunization1
Give dose 1 at 11-12

years of age AND dose 2 at 16 years of age
Use every opportunity to provide the booster dose when indicated

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Vaccinate! (cont.)
Follow ACIP guidance if dosing is delayed1:
If dose 1 is

given at 13-15 years of age, administer dose 2 at 16-18 years of age
Observe minimum interval of 8 weeks between doses
If dose 1 is given at ≥16 years of age,a dose 2 is not needed

a A catch-up dose may be administered through 21 years of age to those who have not received a dose after their 16th birthday (eg, first-year college students 19-21 years of age living in residence halls)

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Capture Every Opportunity to Immunize
Consider every patient encounter an opportunity to

vaccinate with MCV4 and all other age-appropriate vaccines1-3
Well visits
Acute care and follow-up visits
Sports and camp physicals
Routine visits for chronic illnesses (eg, asthma)
Visits for influenza vaccines
Administer all indicated vaccines at the same visit2,3

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Implement Immunization Processes and Procedures
Check immunization status of patients at every

visit (“vital sign”)
Review immunization information system (IIS) record
Establish mechanisms to identify patients due for vaccination
Electronic medical record (EMR) prompts
“Immunization due” clip attached to paper chart
Screen for contraindications and precautions
Screening checklist: www.give2mcv4.org/essential-tools/screening-checklist-contraindications-teen-vaccines
Develop protocols for vaccinating minors who present for care without a parent1,2

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Tool Up
Standing orders
Patient reminder and recall systems
Strong evidence of effectiveness in

improving adolescent vaccina
Checklists, standing orders, tip sheets, patient handouts, and more

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Measure Up
Measure your practice’s vaccination rates at least annually1,2
IIS
EMR system
Chart audit
Claims

data review
Assessment, Feedback, Incentives, and eXchange (AFIX)

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Strengthen the Partnership
Recognize that success at immunization is a partnership between

the health care provider, the adolescent, and the family
Share your practice’s pro-immunization philosophy and policies with every patient and family from the time of their first visit
Develop a written vaccination policy you can share with families
Make vaccine education visible, accessible, and plentiful
Brochures, Vaccine Information Statements, posters, handouts for parents and teens, and website referrals
Designated staff members ready to provide vaccine information and answer questions

Meningococcal disease

Содержание

Meningococcal Disease: Overview of a Rare but Potentially Deadly Infection

Meningococcal Disease in the United StatesA bacterial infectionNeisseria meningitidisAn unpredictable disease98%

Outcomes Can Be Severe, Even with TreatmentSerious outcomes include meningitis (most

Time Is of the EssenceEarly symptoms are nonspecificFever, headache, nausea, vomiting,

Modes of Transmission Help Explain Vulnerability of Adolescents and Young AdultsSpread

Helping to Protect Through Timely and Complete Immunization: 2 Doses of

Meningococcal Vaccines in the US Recommended for Use in Adolescents and

ACIP Recommendations for Routine MCV4 Vaccination1First dose of MCV4 at 11

Putting the Numbers TogetherGetty Images/FuseGetty Images/Blend Images─Peathegee

Call to Action: What You Can Do to Help Protect Adolescents

Strongly Recommend Meningococcal ImmunizationA health care provider’s recommendation to vaccinate is

Focus on Key Points When Speaking with Patients Meningococcal disease is rare

Vaccinate!Follow ACIP recommendations for routine MCV4 immunization1Give dose 1 at 11-12

Vaccinate! (cont.)Follow ACIP guidance if dosing is delayed1:If dose 1 is

Capture Every Opportunity to ImmunizeConsider every patient encounter an opportunity to

Implement Immunization Processes and ProceduresCheck immunization status of patients at every

Tool UpStanding ordersPatient reminder and recall systemsStrong evidence of effectiveness in

Measure UpMeasure your practice’s vaccination rates at least annually1,2IISEMR systemChart auditClaims

Strengthen the PartnershipRecognize that success at immunization is a partnership between

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