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- 2. Schistosomiasis - infectious diseases caused by a group of tropical parasites with a primary lesion of
- 3. Schistosomes are prevalent in rural and outlying city areas of 74 countries in Africa, Asia and
- 4. It is difficult to know how many individuals die of schistomiasis each year because death certificates
- 5. 1851 - Bilharz opened pathogen of urinary schistosomiasis. 1898 - Manson described the causative agent of
- 9. Intestinal schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, S. mekongi, S. mansoni, and S. intercalatum can lead to
- 10. Source of the infection: S. mansoni, and S. intercalatum - human, rats, monkey S. mekongi –
- 11. Eggs are excreted in human urine and feces in areas with poor sanitation, contaminate freshwater sources.
- 12. Mature male and female worms pair and migrate to the intestine or the bladder where egg
- 15. ADULT PARASITES DO NOT GO OUT FROM THE BODY OF A HUMAN OR ANIMAL From penetration
- 16. Groups of risk: workers of rice and sugar plantations, irrigation systems and fishermen. Intensity of transmission
- 17. IMMUNITY Natural - human immunity against schistosoma of birds and animals. Acquired – nonsterile, invasion is
- 18. PATHOGENESIS 1. Sensitization of the organism by toxic products of schistosomula and cercariae. 2. Migration of
- 19. CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION (WHO) 1. Stage of infection (invasion) - penetration phase - migration phase 2. Stage
- 20. 1. Stage of infection: Penetration phase (5-6 days): in primary infection may be asymptomatic, in re-infections
- 21. 2. Stage of maturation (Japanese sch. - 4 weeks, Mansony sch.-5 weeks, urogenital sch. -8-10 weeks):
- 22. 3.Stage of impending invasion (3-7 years): Common to all types of schistosomiasis: - intensive production of
- 23. Intestinal schistosomiasis: characterized by lesions of large intestine (eggs pass through the wall), the liver and
- 24. Stage of late invasion: - Simmer’s fibrosis (fibrosis around the the portal vein) - liver is
- 25. Japanese schistosomiasis: 1. The worms produce the maximum number of eggs (up to 3,000), 2. Necrosis
- 26. LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS: 1. Microscopic detection of eggs in the urine (after physical exertion), faeces (method of
- 27. 5. Clinical methods – X-ray examination of the bladder, lungs, esophagus, stomach, angiography, biochemical, and laparoscopy.
- 30. PREVENTION 1. Straggle with the intermediate hosts - mollusks (chemical method and biological methods - bacteria,
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