Landing gear systems

Содержание

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Page Aug 2007 LEARNING OBJECTIVE Will have a knowledge and demonstrate

Page Aug 2007

LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Will have a knowledge and demonstrate of:
Landing

gear system components, safety warning indication, system operation and maintenance.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Aircraft Landing Gear, consists: Main

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Aircraft Landing Gear, consists:
Main Landing Gear.
Auxiliary

Landing Gear.
Where may or may not be retractable.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Main Landing Gear forms the

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Main Landing Gear forms the principle

support of the aircraft on land or water (include any combination of wheels, floats, skis, shock-absorbing, brake, retract mechanism, controls and warnings).
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Auxiliary Landing Gear, consists of

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Auxiliary Landing Gear, consists of tail

or nose wheel; skids; necessary cowling.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Tricycle landing gear retractable are

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Tricycle landing gear retractable are arrangement

with the Main Gears and Nose Gear.
Main gear consist of two oleo/pneumatic struts with pair of wheels and brakes.
Nose gear steerable oleo/pneumatic.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Some of aircraft have dual

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Some of aircraft have dual wheels

on strut and more than two wheels referred to as “bogie”.
Retraction and extension by hydraulic with selector lever in the flight compartment.
Alternate extension can be mechanically, pneumatic compressor air.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shock strut contains hydraulic that

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Shock strut contains hydraulic that support

aircraft on the ground and protect structure by absorbing shock load.
Consists of two telescopic cylinder (inner and outer).
Lower chamber always filled with fluid, the upper chamber contains compressed air.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Orifice/metering pin between two chamber

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Orifice/metering pin between two chamber provides

a passage of fluid during extension retraction.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Controlling the rate of fluid

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Controlling the rate of fluid flow

during compression.
Damping or snubbing on some shock strut equipped to reduce the rebound during extension prevent rapidly extension of shock strut.
Axle on shock strut to provide for installation of wheels.
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Page Aug 2007 Fluid filler and air valve assembly to provide

Page Aug 2007

Fluid filler and air valve assembly to provide

of filling the strut with hydraulic and inflating air.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 Packing gland designed to seal sliding also to

Page Aug 2007

Packing gland designed to seal sliding also to

keep sliding surface free form dirt would result in leaks.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shock struts are equipped with

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Shock struts are equipped with torque

arm/link attached to upper and lower cylinders to maintain correct alignment of the wheel.

Nose strut provided with upper locating cam attached to upper cylinder and a mating lower locating cam (centering cam), this cam lineup to straight of wheel when strut fully extended; prevent possible structural damage.

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM When strut extends contacting slopping

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

When strut extends contacting slopping area

centering contact and slides, so aligns and rotates the nose gear into a straight a head direction.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shimmy damper attached on gear

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Shimmy damper attached on gear struts

self-contained hydraulic to prevent wheel fast left-right/flutter (oscillation) during rolling, accomplished by metering of hydraulic fluid through small orifice of two chamber.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Shimmy Damper (Nose wheel). Control

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Shimmy Damper (Nose wheel).
Control vibration or

shimmy through hydraulic damping and prevent shimmy during take-off roll.
Piston type.
Vane type.
Incorporated in the nose wheel power steering.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Van type located just above

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Van type located just above nose

wheel fork may be mounted either internally or externally.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Steer damper is hydraulically operated,

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Steer damper is hydraulically operated, basically

containing rotary van-type (similar to vane-type).
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Servicing shock strut: Jacking the

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Servicing shock strut:
Jacking the aircraft.
Release air

valve slowly (ensure the strut compress).
Fill the strut with approved fluid to the level service.
Inflate the strut using nitrogen air pressure.
Tighten the air valve.
Inspect shock strut for leakage and proper extension.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Torque Link-keep the landing gear

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Torque Link-keep the landing gear straight

is attached to upper cylinder and lower cylinder of shock strut.
Links are hinged while the cylinder can move up and down.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM The strut attached to the

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

The strut attached to the structure

to enable the strut swing.
Drag struts are hinged so the landing gear can be retracted.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM An electric gear retraction, using

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

An electric gear retraction, using motor

converts electrical energy to rotation.
Control by switch, the motor movement be reverse while gear to down.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Landing gear safety devices. Prevent

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Landing gear safety devices.
Prevent collapse the

gear when the aircraft is on the ground.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM To provide a visual indication

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

To provide a visual indication of

landing gear position, indicators are installed in flight compartment.
A horn and lights comes on when one or more throttles retarded and landing gear is other than down and lock.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM UP OFF DN L A

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM
UP
OFF
DN

L
A
N
D
I
N
G
G
E
A
R

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM UP OFF DN L A

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM
UP
OFF
DN

L
A
N
D
I
N
G
G
E
A
R

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

Слайд 45

Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM UP OFF DN L A

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM
UP
OFF
DN

L
A
N
D
I
N
G
G
E
A
R

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

Слайд 46

Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM UP OFF DN L A

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM
UP
OFF
DN

L
A
N
D
I
N
G
G
E
A
R

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

Слайд 47

Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM UP OFF DN L A

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM
UP
OFF
DN

L
A
N
D
I
N
G
G
E
A
R

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

Слайд 48

Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM UP OFF DN L A

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM
UP
OFF
DN

L
A
N
D
I
N
G
G
E
A
R

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

NOSE
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

LEFT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

RIGHT
GEAR

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Ground Lock. Prevent collapse the

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Ground Lock.
Prevent collapse the gear when

the aircraft is on the ground, additional safety devices are installed (ground lock pins) which have red tape REMOVE BEFORE FLIGHT.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 Steering system, provide nose wheel steering capabilities through

Page Aug 2007

Steering system, provide nose wheel steering capabilities through

mechanical linkage to the rudder pedal.
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Page Aug 2007 Brake system used for slowing, stopping, holding or

Page Aug 2007

Brake system used for slowing, stopping, holding or

steering aircraft.
Brakes are installed in each main landing gear wheel, entire brake system inspected about supply hydraulic pressure.

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 Three type brake systems are: Independent systems. Power

Page Aug 2007

Three type brake systems are:
Independent systems.
Power control systems.
Power

boost systems.

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 Three type brake systems are: Independent systems. On

Page Aug 2007

Three type brake systems are:
Independent systems.
On small aircraft

it has own reservoir and is independent of the hydraulic system.

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Three type brake systems are:

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Three type brake systems are:
Power control

systems.
Used on aircraft requiring a large volume of fluid to operate brake.
A check valve traps hydraulic pressure accumulator which store fluid pressure and acts as a surge.

Control valves regulate and control pressure to actuates the brakes.

Shuttle valve isolating the emergency system for the normal brake system.

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM A pressure ball-check power brake control valve.

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

A pressure ball-check power brake control

valve.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Sliding spool type power brake control valve.

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Sliding spool type power brake control

valve.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Power boost system. Brake the

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Power boost system.
Brake the de-booster cylinder

are used with power brake control valve on aircraft with a high pressure hydraulic system and low pressure brakes.
Brake de-booster cylinder reduce pressure to the brake and increase the volume of fluid flow.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Three type brake systems are:

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Three type brake systems are:
Power boost

systems.
Are used on aircraft that land too fast to employ the independent brake but are too light in weight to require power brake control valve.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM BRAKE ASSEMBLY, common used are:

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

BRAKE ASSEMBLY, common used are:
Single-disk.
Dual-disk.
Multiple-disk.
Segmented rotor

or expander tube.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Single-disk and Dual-disk are commonly

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Single-disk and Dual-disk are commonly use

on small aircraft.
Multiple-disk normally used on medium aircraft.
Segmented rotor or expander tube found on heavier aircraft.

Braking action on Single-disk by applying friction to both sides of rotating disk.
Dual-disk similar to the single-disk.

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Inspection and Maintenance. Proper fluid

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Inspection and Maintenance.
Proper fluid level to

prevent brake failure or air into the system, removed by bleeding the system.
Two methods of bleeding brake system:
From top downward (gravity method)
Bottom upward (pressure method)
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM WHEELS. Provide the mounting for

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

WHEELS.
Provide the mounting for tires which

absorb shock on landing, support the aircraft on ground and assist ground control during taxi, take-off and landing.
Wheels usually made from aluminum or magnesium, provide strong, light weight; there are:
Split wheel (most popular)
Removable type.
Drop center fixed flange type.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Split type

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Split type

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Removable type

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Removable type

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Fixed flange, drop center type

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LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Fixed flange, drop center type

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM TIRES. Aircraft tires tubeless or

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

TIRES.
Aircraft tires tubeless or tube type,

that provide a cushion of air help absorb the shocks.
Tire construction with a size designation of 26 x 6.6
26 inches outside diameter (A).
6.6 inches width (B).
10 inches rim diameter (C).

A x B - C

A x B R C

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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Tubeless tire similar to tube

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Tubeless tire similar to tube tire,

they have a rubber inner liner that mated to the inside surface of tire for retain air.
Beaded area is designed to form a seal with the wheel flange.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Wear indicators built into some

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Wear indicators built into some tires

as an aid in measuring tread wear.
These indicators are holes in the tread area lands in the bottom of groove.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Cord body, multiple layers to

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Cord body, multiple layers to provide

flexible and give tire strength, resist internal pressure, maintain tire shape.
Ply rating refer to the number of cord fabric plies.
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Page Aug 2007 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM Cord body, multiple layers to

Page Aug 2007

LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

Cord body, multiple layers to provide

flexible and give tire strength, resist internal pressure, maintain tire shape.
Breakers are one or more plies of cord to provide extra reinforce prevent damage of tire.