Lexicology as a science. Lexicography

Август 9, 2022

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Lexicology as a science. Lexicography

Содержание

2. Lexicology as a Branch of Linguistics Lexicology (from Greek “lexis” – “слово, речь”, “lexicos” – concerning
3. Lexicology as a Branch of Linguistics Vocabulary - the system of lexical units of the language:
4. Lexicology as a Branch of Linguistics Linguistic ladder: 5. sentences 4. word-combinations 3. words 2. morphemes
5. Branches of Lexicology Etymology Word formation Semasiology Phraseology Lexicography Territorial and social peculiarities of lexical units
6. Synchronic and diachronic approaches The vocabulary of the language can be studied: Synchronically – at a
7. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries 1. According to the object of description: Encyclopedic – thing
8. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries 2. According to the number of words: Big academic dictionaries;
9. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries 3. According to the language of description: Monolingual – explanatory
10. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries Unilingual dictionaries are further subdivided with regard to the time.
11. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries Both bilingual and monolingual dictionaries can be general and special.
12. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries 4. According to the functional variant of the language: General
13. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries 5. According to the main unit of description: Dictionaries of
14. English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries 6. According to what part of lexical units is described:
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Слайд 2

Lexicology as a Branch of Linguistics
Lexicology
(from Greek “lexis” –

“слово, речь”,
“lexicos” – concerning words;
“logos” – “учение”)
studies the vocabulary of the language as
a complex of its constituent elements.

Слайд 3

Lexicology as a Branch of Linguistics
Vocabulary - the system of lexical

units
of the language:
words
word combinations
morphemes
Lexical units – bilateral units

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Lexicology as a Branch of Linguistics
Linguistic ladder:
5. sentences
4. word-combinations
3. words
2. morphemes
1.

phonemes

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Branches of Lexicology
Etymology
Word formation
Semasiology
Phraseology
Lexicography
Territorial and social peculiarities

of lexical units
Neology

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Synchronic and diachronic approaches
The vocabulary of the language can be
studied:
Synchronically –

at a given stage of the language’s development;
Diachronically – in the context of the processes through which it grew and developed.

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
1. According to the object of

description:
Encyclopedic – thing books:
E.g. The Encyclopedia Britannica (24 volumes);
The Encyclopedia Americana (30 volumes);
Linguistic – word books – they deal with the words of the language;

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
2. According to the number of

words:
Big academic dictionaries; E.g. The New English Dictionary on Historical Principles; 470, 000 entries;
Medial-sized dictionaries; E.g. The New English-Russian Dictionary in 2 volumes (I.R. Galperin); 150, 000 entries;
Small dictionaries (in one volume); E.g. English-Russian Dictionary (V.K. Müller); 53, 000 entries.

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
3. According to the language of

description:
Monolingual – explanatory (general) dictionaries; the most common type of dictionaries; all the properties of the word are presented – grammatical, stylistic, etymological, spelling, pronunciation; Webster’s New World Dictionary in one volume, 160, 000 entries;
Bilingual these dictionaries give equivalent words in two or more languages,
Polyglot they do not define the words they list.

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
Unilingual dictionaries are further subdivided with

regard to the time.
Diachronic dictionaries reflect the development of the English vocabulary by recording the history of form and meaning for every word registered. E.g. The Oxford English Dictionary;
Synchronic or descriptive dictionaries of current English

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
Both bilingual and monolingual
dictionaries can be

general and special.
General dictionaries represent the
vocabulary as a whole;
Special dictionaries cover only a certain specific part of the vocabulary.

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
4. According to the functional variant

of the language:
General literary vocabulary (bookish words);
Technical vocabulary; specialized dictionaries that register and explain technical terms for various branches of knowledge, art and trade; monolingual dictionaries of this type are called glossaries.
Territorial variant; E.g. J. Wright The English Dialect Dictionary. 6 vols Oxford 1898-1905; N. Wentworth American Dialect Dictionary NY, Crowell, 1944; M.A. Mathews Dictionary of Americanisms on Historical Principles. Chicago Univ. 1951;
Social variant (slang); E. Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English 2 vols. Lnd Routledge; H. Wentworth and S.B. Flexner Dictionary of American Slang NY Crowell, 1975;
Concordances, dictionaries recording the complete vocabulary of some author;

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
5. According to the main unit

of description:
Dictionaries of foreign words;
Phraseological dictionaries; English-Russian Dictionary by A.V. Kunin;
Dictionaries of collocations;
Dictionaries of quotations;
Dictionaries of Synonyms; English-Russian Synonymic Dictionary (under the supervision of A.I. Rosenman and academician Yu. Der. Apresiayn);
Webster’s New Dictionary of Synonyms;
Dictionaries of Antonyms; Комиссаров В.И. Словарь антонимов современного английского языка. М., 1964.

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English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries
6. According to what part of

lexical units is described:
Orphoepic dictionaries; Jones D. An English Pronouncing Dictionary;
Orphographical dictionaries; Lewis N. Dictionary of Correct Spelling NY, 1962;
Dictionaries of frequency; Thorndike E.L., Lorge I. The Teacher’s Word Book of 30, 000 Words. NY, 1941.
Dictionaries of word formation;
Rhyming dictionaries;

Lexicology as a science. Lexicography

Содержание

Lexicology as a Branch of Linguistics Lexicology (from Greek “lexis” –

Lexicology as a Branch of LinguisticsVocabulary - the system of lexical

Lexicology as a Branch of LinguisticsLinguistic ladder:5. sentences4. word-combinations3. words2. morphemes1.

Branches of LexicologyEtymology Word formation Semasiology Phraseology LexicographyTerritorial and social peculiarities

Synchronic and diachronic approachesThe vocabulary of the language can bestudied:Synchronically –

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries1. According to the object of

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries2. According to the number of

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries3. According to the language of

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionariesUnilingual dictionaries are further subdivided with

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionariesBoth bilingual and monolingualdictionaries can be

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries4. According to the functional variant

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries5. According to the main unit

English Lexicography. The typology of dictionaries6. According to what part of

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