Maimonides

Август 7, 2022

Содержание

2. Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation “Penza State University” Medical institute Department of
3. Maimonides (1138—1204) Maimonides is a medieval Jewish philosopher with considerable influence on Jewish thought, and on
4. BIOGRAPHY Moses Maimonides, original name Moses ben Maimon, also called Rambam, Arabic name Abū ʿImran Mūsā
5. His first major work, begun at age 23 and completed 10 years later, was a commentary
6. Maimonides was born into a distinguished family in Córdoba (Cordova), Spain. The young Moses studied with
7. As part of Islamic Spain, Córdoba had accorded its citizens full religious freedom. But now the
8. to appear like Muslims. They remained in Córdoba for some 11 years, and Maimonides continued his
9. Moses continued his studies in his favourite subjects, rabbinics and Greek philosophy, and added medicine to
10. CONTRIBUTION OF MEDICINE The great medieval Jewish philosopher Moses Maimonides was also a practicing physician who
11. CONCLUSION Maimonides’ advanced views aroused opposition during his lifetime and after his death. In 1233 one
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Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation “Penza State University” Medical institute Department

of History Course work History of Medicine Topic :Maimonides Done by Student: Mohamad Houssien Jawad Group : 19LC4(a) Controlled by: ass. Of History department The course paper defended with Mark: ……………………………... Teachers : …………………… Defense date : ………………. 2020

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Maimonides (1138—1204) Maimonides is a medieval Jewish philosopher with considerable influence on Jewish thought,

and on philosophy in general. Maimonides also was an important codifier of Jewish law. His views and writings hold a prominent place in Jewish intellectual history.

Introduction

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BIOGRAPHY
Moses Maimonides, original name Moses ben Maimon, also called Rambam, Arabic name Abū ʿImran

Mūsā ibn Maymūn ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, (born March 30, 1135, Córdoba [Spain]—died December 13, 1204, Egypt), Jewish philosopher, jurist, and physician, the foremost intellectual figure of medieval Judaism.

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His first major work, begun at age 23 and completed 10

years later, was a commentary on the Mishna, the collected Jewish oral laws. A monumental code of Jewish law followed in Hebrew, The Guide for the Perplexed in Arabic, and numerous other works, many of major importance. His contributions in religion, philosophy, and medicine have influenced Jewish and non-Jewish scholars alike.

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Maimonides was born into a distinguished family in Córdoba (Cordova), Spain. The young Moses studied

with his learned father, Maimon, and other masters and at an early age astonished his teachers by his remarkable depth and versatility. Before Moses reached his 13th birthday, his peaceful world was suddenly disturbed by the ravages of war and persecution.
As part of Islamic Spain, Córdoba had accorded its citizens full religious freedom. But now the Islamic Mediterranean world was shaken by a revolutionary and fanatical Islamic sect, the Almohads (Arabic: al-Muwaḥḥidūn, “the Unitarians”), who captured Córdoba in 1148, leaving the Jewish community faced with the grim alternative of submitting to Islam or leaving the city. The Maimons temporized by practicing their Judaism in the privacy of their homes, while disguising their ways in public as far as possible

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As part of Islamic Spain, Córdoba had accorded its citizens full religious

freedom. But now the Islamic Mediterranean world was shaken by a revolutionary and fanatical Islamic sect, the Almohads (Arabic: al-Muwaḥḥidūn, “the Unitarians”), who captured Córdoba in 1148, leaving the Jewish community faced with the grim alternative of submitting to Islam or leaving the city. The Maimons temporized by practicing their Judaism in the privacy of their homes, while disguising their ways in public as far as possible

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to appear like Muslims. They remained in Córdoba for some 11

years, and Maimonides continued his education in Judaic studies as well as in the scientific disciplines in vogue at the time.
When the double life proved too irksome to maintain in Córdoba, the Maimon family finally left the city about 1159 to settle in Fez, Morocco. Although it was also under Almohad rule, Fez was presumably more promising than Córdoba because there the Maimons would be strangers, and their disguise would be more likely to go undetected. Moses continued his studies in his favourite subjects, rabbinics and Greek philosophy, and added medicine to them. Fez proved to be no more than a short respite, however. In 1165 Rabbi Judah ibn Shoshan, with whom Moses had studied, was arrested as a practicing Jew and was found guilty and then executed.

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Moses continued his studies in his favourite subjects, rabbinics and Greek philosophy, and

added medicine to them. Fez proved to be no more than a short respite, however. In 1165 Rabbi Judah ibn Shoshan, with whom Moses had studied, was arrested as a practicing Jew and was found guilty and then executed.

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CONTRIBUTION OF MEDICINE
The great medieval Jewish philosopher Moses Maimonides was also a practicing

physician who contributed a number of important works to medical literature. Modern students of these treatises have made extravagant claims about Maimonides' scientific outlook and have attributed to him important discoveries and innovations.

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CONCLUSION
Maimonides’ advanced views aroused opposition during his lifetime and after his

death. In 1233 one zealot, Rabbi Solomon of Montpellier, in southern France, instigated the church authorities to burn The Guide for the Perplexed as a dangerously heretical book. But the controversy abated after some time, and Maimonides came to be recognized as a pillar of the traditional faith—his creed became part of the orthodox liturgy—as well as the greatest of the Jewish philosophers.
Maimonides’ epoch-making influence on Judaism extended also to the larger world. His philosophic work, translated into Latin, influenced the great medieval Scholastic writers, and even later thinkers, such as Benedict de Spinoza and G.W. Leibniz, found in his work a source for some of their ideas. His medical writings constitute a significant chapter in the history of medical science.