V-Outcrop Patterns

Август 9, 2022

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V-Outcrop Patterns

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2. Objectives: By the end of this section you should be able to draw the outcrop pattern
3. The Law of “V’s”! V-outcrop patterns can be used to deduce the dip direction of inclined
4. The Law of “V’s”! Outcrops of horizontal beds will always appear parallel to contour lines. Outcrops
5. Inclined bedding dipping at same gradient as stream will parallel stream valley contours The Law of
6. V-outcrop exercise 1A Now lets have a go at some exercises. On the exercise one handout,
7. V-outcrop exercise 1A Now lets have a go at the topographic map with contours for exercise
8. V-outcrop exercise 1B Now lets have a go at exercise 1B. Once you have attempted this,
9. Now lets have a go at the topographic map with contours for exercise 1B. Once you
10. Now lets have a go at exercise C. Once you have attempted this, click again for
11. Now lets have a go at the topographic map with contours for exercise C. Once you
12. V-outcrop exercise 1D Now lets have a go at exercise 1D. Once you have attempted this,
13. Now lets have a go at the topographic map with contours for exercise 1D. Once you
14. Summary You should now be able to draw the outcrop pattern and topographic pattern of: Horizontal
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Слайд 2

Objectives:
By the end of this section you should be able

to draw the outcrop pattern
and topographic pattern of:
Horizontal beds
Vertical beds
Downstream dipping beds
Upstream dipping beds

This presentation is to be completed in conjunction with exercise sheet 1.

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The Law of “V’s”!
V-outcrop patterns can be used to

deduce the dip direction of inclined strata and estimate the amount of dip.
Beds dipping downstream V-downstream
Beds dipping upstream V-upstream

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The Law of “V’s”!
Outcrops of horizontal beds will always appear

parallel to contour lines.
Outcrops of vertical beds will always parallel the direction of strike, regardless of terrain.
e.g. vertical dike intruded into older strata
Vertical structures are usually easy to spot on satellite imagery, air photos

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Inclined bedding dipping at same gradient as stream will parallel stream

valley contours

The Law of “V’s”!

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V-outcrop exercise 1A
Now lets have a go at some exercises.

On the exercise one handout, fill in the missing outcrop pattern for exercise 1A.
Once you have attempted this, click again for the answer.

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V-outcrop exercise 1A
Now lets have a go at the topographic

map with contours for exercise 1A.
Once you have attempted this click again for the answer.

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V-outcrop exercise 1B
Now lets have a go at exercise 1B.

Once you have attempted this, click again for the answer.

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Now lets have a go at the topographic map with

contours for exercise 1B.
Once you have attempted this click again for the answer.

V-outcrop exercise 1B

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Now lets have a go at exercise C.
Once you

have attempted this, click again for the answer.

V-outcrop exercise 1C

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Now lets have a go at the topographic map with

contours for exercise C.
Once you have attempted this click again for the answer.

V-outcrop exercise 1C

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V-outcrop exercise 1D
Now lets have a go at exercise 1D.

Once you have attempted this, click again for the answer.

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Now lets have a go at the topographic map with

contours for exercise 1D.
Once you have attempted this click again for the answer.

V-outcrop exercise 1D

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Слайд 14

Summary
You should now be able to draw the outcrop pattern

and topographic pattern of:
Horizontal beds
Vertical beds
Downstream dipping beds
Upstream dipping beds

If you are finding it hard to visualise the concepts covered in this exercise then:
Review the explanations at the beginning of the exercise.
Also have a go at building the 3 dimensional model of V-outcrops on the following slide and included at the back of the worksheet.

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