Dental clinics. Active Voice (The Past Perfect Tense)

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Dental clinics provide patients with preventive and standard dental care, including

Dental clinics provide patients with preventive and standard dental care, including

emergency dental care.
Services include :
teeth cleanings,
teeth whitening,
x-rays,
root canals,
сrowns,
fillings and orthodontics.
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Private Practices. According to the American Dental Association, nearly all dentists

Private Practices.
According to the American Dental Association, nearly all dentists

are in private practice. Specifically, it is estimated as many as three out of four dentists are solo practitioners. Private practitioners work as licensed, self-employed dentists. Because of the relatively small size of the organization, patients usually get more personalized care from private practitioners.
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Hospital Dental Clinics. A hospital dental clinic operates as a division

Hospital Dental Clinics.
A hospital dental clinic operates as a division

of a hospital group. Its dentists work directly for the hospital. These dental clinics usually are on hospital grounds or in annexed buildings near the hospital.
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Community health centers. Community health centers frequently provide dental services in

Community health centers.
Community health centers frequently provide dental services in

addition to general health care services. These types of clinics serve a particular community or population and combine the efforts of hospitals, the government and the health care industry to provide its community members with adequate health care services. Often, such health centers receive federal funding to subsidize care for the poor and uninsured.
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Group Practices. Unlike private practices in which one dentist operates a

Group Practices.
Unlike private practices in which one dentist operates a

clinic by himself, a group practice is an association of dental professionals. These professionals work together, sharing space and using the same equipment. Although care might be less personal than private practice, the presence of more dentists allows the practice to treat more patients and pool resources to buy more equipment and hire more staff.
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The Past Perfect Tense (Прошедшее совершенное время) Past Perfect образуется при

The Past Perfect Tense (Прошедшее совершенное время)

Past Perfect образуется при помощи

вспомогательного глагола to have в форме прошедшего времени (had) и формы причастия прошедшего времени (Past Participle) смыслового глагола: I had worked, he had worked.
В вопросительной форме вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим: Had I worked? Had he worked?
Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи частицы not, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола: I had not worked, he had not worked.
В вопросительно-отрицательной форме отрицание not ставится непосредственно после подлежащего: Had I not worked? Had he not worked?
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В разговорной речи употребляются следующие сокращения: had = ’d had not

В разговорной речи употребляются следующие сокращения:
had = ’d
had not = hadn’t

= ’d not
I'd played.
He hadn't played.
He'd not played.
Hadn't we played?
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Случаи употребления Past Perfect Tense 1. Действие, совершившееся до определенного момента

Случаи употребления Past Perfect Tense
1. Действие, совершившееся до определенного момента в

прошлом.
2. После союзов after и when в значении after
3. В главном предложении, придаточное которого начинается с before.
4. Длительное действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжавшееся до определенного момента в прошлом или в момент (вместо Past Perfect Continuous)
5. В сложном предложении при наличии hardly ... when и т.п. наречий.
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Past Perfect Tense Примеры утвердительных предложений: - I wanted to go

Past Perfect Tense

Примеры утвердительных предложений:
- I wanted to go

to school with him. But he had already gone. Я хотела пойти в школу с ним. Но он уже ушел.
- My parents had returned from their work by the time I came from the school. Мои родители вернулись с работы к моему приходу из школы.
- My grandmother had made a very delicious meal by the time we arrived. Моя бабушка сделала очень вкусный обед к нашему приезду.
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Past Perfect Tense Примеры вопросительных предложений: - Had you finished your

Past Perfect Tense

Примеры вопросительных предложений:
- Had you finished your

drawing by the time your teacher came? Вы закончили рисунок к приходу вашего учителя?
- Had you seen him before the show started? Ты видел его до начала вечеринки?
- Had she come by 6 o’clock? Она пришла к шести часам?
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Past Perfect Tense Примеры отрицательных предложений: - When he asked me

Past Perfect Tense

Примеры отрицательных предложений:
- When he asked me

where the book was, I said that I hadn’t even taken it. Когда он спросил, где книга, я сказал, что я даже не брал её.
- By the time we came, he hadn’t gone away although we were late. К нашему приходу, он ещё не ушел, хотя мы опоздали.
- I hadn’t seen him for three days already. Я не видел его уже три дня.