Secret London

Август 23, 2022

Содержание

2. There are a lot of places of interest in London. Some of them are familiar to
3. THE LIGHTS OF PICCADILLY CIRCUS Piccadilly Circus is a road junction and public space of London's
4. Piccadilly Circus in 1896 Once upon a time Piccadilly Circus was a true circus, in other
5. If you go to the Piccadilly Circus today, you will see that the lights – the
6. THE STATUE OF EROS Piccadilly Circus’s other claim to fame is the Statue of Eros. First,
7. Given the nature of Lord Shaftesbury’s work, it is extraordinary how much rancor his memorial managed
8. There is one final intriguing mystery about Eros. Is the statue a clever pun on Shaftesbury’s
9. LEICESTER SQUARE Leicester Square is a pedestrianised square in the West End of London. Leicester Square
10. THE COADE STONE LION A London landmark no doubt well known to cabbies is the magnificent
11. There is some doubt as to whether she simply improved the existing artificial – stone formula
12. The lion was painted red and erected, along with two smaller companions, over the gate of
13. KENSINGTON ROOF GARDENS Among all the private roof terraces and roof gardens in London, there is
14. Walking past the lake you come to the Tudor garden, a series of three little walled
15. THE TYBURN RIVER WALK The Tyburn starts at Baker Street, going through Regent`s Canal, Regent`s Park
16. MARYLEBONE Marylebone High Street goes along Marylebone Lane and it was the centre of the old
17. GOVERNMENT ART COLLECTION The United Kingdom's Government Art Collection (GAC) places works of art in major
18. Bagnigge Wells Just beyond the garage on the right there is a terrace of houses, all
19. Today the only relic of the spa (besides the name of nearby Wells Square) is the
20. View from Parliament Hill Parliament Hill is not the highest spot in London, but it is
21. LOCAL AREA It is administered by the City of London Corporation together with the rest of
22. Dr Johnson’s House Cross New Fetter Lane here and turn right past the plaque on the
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There are a lot of places of interest in London. Some

of them are familiar to us. But there are always plenty of places we haven’t heard about. In this project you can get acquainted with some of them. After watching this project you can answer some questions about the sights.

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THE LIGHTS OF PICCADILLY CIRCUS
Piccadilly Circus is a road junction and

public space of London's West End in
the City of Westminster. In this context, a circus, from the Latin word
meaning "circle", is a round open space at a street junction. Piccadilly Circus
is famous for its illuminated advertisements. The fronts of some buildings are
now almost entirely covered by ever changing walls of colored lights
spelling out the names of well-known products and even the temperature.
But why are the lights there at all and why are they only in one part of the
Circus?

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Piccadilly Circus in 1896
Once upon a time Piccadilly Circus

was
a true circus, in other words a circular
interchange linking Regent Street with
Lower Regent Street and Waterloo
Place.
Then in 1886 a new road was created
leading off from the north-east. To
improve access into this road –
Shaftesbury Avenue – buildings on the
north side facing directly on to the
Circus. The occupants ot these
buildings were suddenly presented
with fantastic advertising possibilities.
Taking advantage of the new
technology of electrically illuminated
advertisements, particularly the
intermittent or flashing variety which
attracted attention, some of them
quickly put up large signs on the roofs
ot their buildings.

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If you go to the Piccadilly Circus today, you will see

that the lights – the subject of
countless picture postcards – are mainly concentrated in one section of the
Circus. The simple reason for this is that the freehold of the rest of the Circus is
owned by the Crown Estate. Like the old London Country Council, they were
opposed to the signs, but they had the advantage of better leases which could be,
and since have been, successfully enforced to prevent the erection of any signs
they disapproved of. For this reason there have never been any illuminated
advertisements on Crown buildings, and, according to recent pronouncements,
there never will be.

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THE STATUE OF EROS
Piccadilly Circus’s other claim to fame is the

Statue of Eros. First, it is not a statue at all but a memorial fountain commemorating the great Victorian philanthropist, the Earl of Shaftesbury, after whom Shaftesbury Avenue is named. Secondly, the figure so delicately poised atop the fountain is not the God of Love but the Angel of Christian Charity. At least, that is what the experts say.

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Given the nature of Lord Shaftesbury’s work, it is extraordinary how

much rancor his memorial managed to excite. Interference with the design by both the Memorial Committee and the London County Council led to squabbles between these two bodies and even more bitter arguments between them and the ultra-sensitive Gilbert. The memorial was also meant to function as a public drinking fountain and Gilbert claimed that, if the basin were made too small, drinkers would get soaked in their attempts to get a drink of water. After the unveiling he was proved right and he was pilloried for it in the press even though he was in no way to blame.

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There is one final intriguing mystery about Eros. Is the statue

a clever pun on Shaftesbury’s name? If you look at Eros’s bow closely you will notice that it has no arrow in it and that it is pointing downwards. Are we meant to conjecture from this that the arrow or ‘shaft’ has been fired downwards and that it now lies ‘buried’ in the ground? There would certainly appear to be some kind of connection, but whether Gilbert ever intended it or not we shall never know for sure.

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LEICESTER SQUARE
Leicester Square is a pedestrianised square in the West End

of London. Leicester
Square is the centre of London's cinema land, and one of the signs marking the
Square bears the legend "Theatreland". The Square is also the home for tkts,
formerly known as the Official London Half Price Theatre Ticket Booth. The
Square has undergone significant redevelopment in recent years.

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THE COADE STONE LION
A London landmark no doubt well known

to cabbies is the magnificent lion guarding the entrance to Westminster Bridge opposite the Houses of Parliament. This noble beast is not the stone sculpture you might think it is a from a casual glance but a piece of pottery made from a mould and fired in a kiln. It is , moreover, over 160 years old, yet it shows not a trace of its age, a testimony to the strength and weather-resistant property of the material from which it is made. This material is an artificial stone called Coade stone, named after its inventor, Eleanor Coade. Following her merchant father into business, she set up her own linen drapery before, in 1769, taking over an artificial - stone factory beside the Thames where the Royal Festival Hall now stands.

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There is some doubt as to
whether she simply improved the
existing artificial

– stone formula
employed at the factory or
whether she did actually invent a
completely new type of material.
Whatever the truth, her own
artificial stone was so superior to
anything else on the market that it
was soon much in demand for
architectural ornaments and
details of every kind. The lion was
made in 1837 , 16 years after
Coade’s death. The sculptor of
the model W.F. Woodington ,
inscribed both his initials and the
exact date (24 May 1837 ) on one of
the paws.

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The lion was painted red and erected,
along with two smaller companions,
over

the gate of The Lion brewery
next door to the Coade factory. During
the Second World War the brewery
was blitzed, but miraculously the great
lion survived. In the 1970s the British
Museum Research Laboratory
successfully worked out the
composition of the stone. In 1987,
having postulated the probable firing
time, a skilled kilnman produced a very
respectable piece of Coade modelled
by sculptress Mollie Adams.

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KENSINGTON ROOF GARDENS
Among all the private roof terraces and roof gardens

in London, there is non quite like the Kensington Roof gardens. Covering 1,5 acres, making them the largest in Europe, they are laid out on top of a department-store building in Kensington High Street. Because the store for which they were originally constructed, Derry & Toms, has been closed for many years, their existence has been largely overlooking the High Street and a larger one on the south side. The larger one is the English woodland garden, an informal area of curving lawn and trees up to 40 feet (12 metres) high, through which runs a stream crossed by two little bridges. At one end of a stream a little lake is home to a pair of pink flamingos and a dozen or so clipped-wing ducks.

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Walking past the lake you come to the Tudor garden, a

series of three little walled courtyards with creeper-covered walls. In the centre a fountain plays, fostering the illusion of a rural idyll far from the madding crowd.
From the Tudor garden, a paved walk through a series of roughly carved Tudor arches salvaged from some unidentified stately home leads to the piece de resistance of the whole garden: the formal Spanish garden with its clipped lawns, neat paths lined with coloured tiles, palm trees and whitewashed red-tiled mock convent complete with campanile and well. The Spanish garden is much more open and feels more spacious than the others and on a sunny day looks quite stunning, the white walls setting of the colours of the trees and shrubs and flowering plants. The spire of St Mary Abbots rising gracefully into the sky beyond makes the whole scene even more picturesque.

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THE TYBURN RIVER WALK
The Tyburn starts at Baker Street, going through

Regent`s Canal, Regent`s Park and finishes at Pimlico Bridge. It stretches for 5,5 km. It will take you two and half hours to go along it. If you are at the Tyburn river walk you will not miss Oxford Street, Green Park, and ofcourse, Buckingham Palace and Queen`s Gallery. This walk consists of many turns, turnings and loops, so if you don`t want to get lost take a good and detailed map of London. To make your walking more pleasant, there are plenty of pubs, restaurants, wihe bars and sandwich bars along the whole length of this attractive little sights, always presents you a good selection of all types of eating and drinking places.

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MARYLEBONE
Marylebone High Street goes along Marylebone Lane and it was the

centre of the old village of Marylebone. The Street got its name from St Mary-le-Bourne and connected the village with London. During walking on Marylebone Lane you will see a fork with a shop called The Button Queen. Also you can stop at James Street, a popular place to eat out in summer. At the end of the trip you will find yourself at the junction with Oxford Street and the river valley. In 1941 the river was seen flowing through the bottom of a bomb crater here.

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GOVERNMENT ART COLLECTION
The United Kingdom's Government Art Collection (GAC) places works

of art in major Government buildings in the UK and around the world to promote British art, culture and history.
Dating from 1898, the GAC now holds approximately 13,000 works of art by British artists in a variety of media including paintings, sculpture, prints, drawings, photographs, textiles and video works, from the sixteenth century to the present day.

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Bagnigge Wells
Just beyond the garage on the right there is a

terrace of houses, all with balconies at first-floor level. Here stood Bagnigge Wells, the other famous spa mentioned earlier and one of the best-attended of all the spas surrounding London during the spa-crazy 18th century. The Fleet itself flowed through the spa gardens and there were seats on the bank “for such as chuse to smoke or drink cider, ale etc. which are not permitted in other parts of the garden”.

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Today the only relic of the spa
(besides the name of nearby

Wells
Square) is the inscribed stone set into
the front wall of the first house in the
terrace, thought to mark the north
western boundary of the gardens.
The stone is dated 1680, which is
particularly interesting because this is
about the time when Bagnigge House
was used as a summer retreat by
Charles II’s mistress, Nell Gwynne.
Nell’s association with the area is
commemorated in Gwynne Place on
the opposite side of the road. The
“Pinder a Wakefeilde” mentioned on
the plaque refers to a famous old pub
called the Pindar of Wakefield on
nearbly Gray’s Inn Road. It survived
until just a few years ago when it was
taken over and renamed The Water
Rats. The original Pindar opened in
1517.

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View from Parliament Hill
Parliament Hill is not the highest spot in
London,

but it is higher than most and
it commands extensive views east,
south and south-west right across the
valley, with the main landmarks to the
south picked out on a panorama
board. From this vintage point you can
see that the city has slowly filled the
bottom of the valley and then crept up
and over the sides.

Parliament Hill is an area of open
parkland in the south-east corner of
Hampstead Heath in north west London.
The hill, which is 98 metres (322 ft) high,
is notable for its excellent views of the
capital's skyline. Many famous
landmarks can be seen from its summit
such as Canary Wharf and St Paul's
Cathedral in the City of London.
Despite its name, it is not home to
the Houses of Parliament which are
located a few miles to the south in
the City of Westminster.

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LOCAL AREA
It is administered by the City of London Corporation together with

the rest of Hampstead Heath. The Eastern (Highgate) side, including Parliament Hill Lido, is known as Parliament Hill Fields, and a local girls' school, Parliament Hill School, is named after it.

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Dr Johnson’s House
Cross New Fetter Lane here and turn right
past the

plaque on the left commemorating
the Moravians, a Protestant sect from
Germany who sought refuge in England in the
18th century. (Their original burial ground
still exists behind a high wall at World’s End in
Chelsea.) On the right you pass the eastern
boundary of the Bacon estate and the former
Public Record Office before turning left into
West Harding Street and its continuation
(bearing right) Pemberton Row. Follow the
signs to Dr Johnson’s House in Gough Square.
Here The Doctor compiled his great dictionary,
published in 1755. The adjoining curator’s
house is said to be the smallest in the City: one
can easily believe it. Carrying on past the
house into Johnson’s Court you eventually
come out on Fleet Street (St Paul’s to the left).
Cross straight over into Pleydell Court and
continue down Lombard Lane towards the
river.