The history of the Ural

Август 5, 2022

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The history of the Ural

Содержание

2. The Ural is an old region. The oldest inhabited place was found near Perm on the
3. After Yermak’s expedition the Urals and Siberia penal servitude colonies and towns grew up, a road
4. Verkhoturye became the transit point of the way from Moscow to Siberia. The Russian tzars considered
5. The most important role in the colonization of the Urals played the merchants Stroganoffs. They were
6. In the 16th century Ufa, Tyumen, Tobolsk, Verkhoturye were founded. Verkhoturye became the transit point on
7. The first mineral resource found in the Urals was salt. Solikamsk became the centre of salt
8. In 1668 precious stones were found near Murzinka. They were called samotzveti, or ornament stones. Now
9. The first state plants were built in Kamensk, Nevyansk, Uktuss, Alapayevsk. In 1723 the first state
10. 1723 is the date of the foundation of Ekaterinburg – the greatest industrial centre in the
11. Ekaterinburg performed a double function – firstly as the administrative centre, being a residence for the
12. Ekaterinburg was founded by Vassily Tatishchev, the first supervisor of the Ural state enterprises, who was
13. During his activities in the Urals dozens of maps of the Urals were made. Tatishchev was
14. In the second half of the 18th century the Urals became one of the biggest industrial
15. Mechanical engineering began to develop rapidly. Machine – building enterprises were constructed in Nizhny Tagil, Perm,
16. In the 18th century many Ural factories made works of art from cast iron: grates, kitchen
17. At the end of the 19th century the construction of railways began. In 1878 the Ural
18. The Urals proved its leading role in the industrial life of the country during the Great
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Слайд 2

The Ural is an old region. The oldest inhabited place was

found near Perm on the Chusovaya. The Russians appeared in the Ural in the 12th century. By the end of the 15th century Perm the Great became part of the Russian State. «Urals» is a tatar world, it means «belt», «zone», «chain».

Слайд 3

After Yermak’s expedition the Urals and Siberia penal servitude colonies

and towns grew up, a road was built from Moscow passing through Yaroslavl, Veliky Ustyug, Solikamsk and Verkhoturye to the capital of Siberia, Tobolsk.

Слайд 4

Verkhoturye
became the transit point of the way from

Moscow to Siberia. The Russian tzars considered the Urals to be a very rich territory. First of all they were interested in furs.

Слайд 5

The most important role in the colonization of the Urals

played the merchants Stroganoffs. They were allowed by Ivan the Terrible to exploit vast territories along the Kama and the Chusovaya.

Слайд 6

In the 16th century Ufa, Tyumen, Tobolsk, Verkhoturye were founded.

Verkhoturye became the transit point on the way from Moscow to Siberia. The customs was organized here.

Ufa

Tyumen

Слайд 7

The first mineral resource found in the Urals was salt. Solikamsk

became the centre of salt industry. Then iron and cooper were discovered.

Слайд 8

In 1668 precious stones were found near Murzinka. They were

called samotzveti, or ornament stones. Now the Ural «samotzveti» are famous all over the world.
The Ural land has leftist trace in history of Russia as the land of metalworkes and craftsmen.

Слайд 9

The first state plants were built in Kamensk, Nevyansk, Uktuss,

Alapayevsk. In 1723 the first state metallurgical plant was constructed in Ekaterinburg.

Ekaterinburg

Слайд 10

1723 is the date of the foundation of Ekaterinburg –

the greatest industrial centre in the Middle Urals, its capital.
It has come to the history as one of the first places of the region’s development and cultivation. The basic of such a system, of course, was the growth of industry.

Слайд 11

Ekaterinburg performed a double function – firstly as the administrative

centre, being a residence for the government officials, and one of the strongholds in the exploration of the «krai» by the Russians.

Слайд 12

Ekaterinburg was founded by Vassily Tatishchev, the first supervisor of

the Ural state enterprises, who was sent to the Urals by Peter I. Tatishchev played an important role in the industrial development of the Urals. On his initiative many metallurgical plants were constructed. He regarded the Ural mountains as a system that spreads from the Arctic Ocean to the Caspian Sea. He was able to give a correct estimate of mineral resources.

Слайд 13

During his activities in the Urals dozens of maps of the

Urals were made. Tatishchev was one of the first who spoke about danger of deforestation. In 1722 he wrote the instruction about the saving of the forests.
In the centre of Ekaterinburg you can see a nice monument to Tatishchev and his assistant Georg de Gennin.

Слайд 14

In the second half of the 18th century the Urals became

one of the biggest industrial centers of Russia, the center of cooper an gold industries.

Слайд 15

Mechanical engineering began to develop rapidly. Machine – building enterprises were

constructed in Nizhny Tagil, Perm, Ekaterinburg. The first steam locomotive was made in Nizhny Tagil in 1833.

Nizhny Tagil

Слайд 16

In the 18th century many Ural factories made works of art

from cast iron: grates, kitchen utensils, slabs. The best factory of this kind was and still is Kasli near Chelyabinsk.

Слайд 17

At the end of the 19th century the construction of railways

began. In 1878 the Ural railway connected Ekaterinburg and Chelyabinsk was constructed. Years passed. Lots of new plants, factories and towns rose in the Urals.

Слайд 18