Are criminals born or made?

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Outline Theories of born/made criminals Arguments for and against

Outline

Theories of born/made criminals
Arguments for and against

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1ST PART Theories

1ST

PART

Theories

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Cesare Lombroso Born criminal has some biological traits: ● unusual size

Cesare Lombroso
Born criminal has some biological traits:
● unusual size or

shape of the head
● strange eyes
● too big or too small ears
● abnormal teeth
● too long, too small chin ● too long arms

Why criminals are born?

IF YOU HAVE 5 OR MORE TRAITS – YOU ARE BORN CRIMINAL!

Theory of Cesare Lombroso

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2009 - scientists discovered MAO-A gene («Murder gene») The gene regulates

2009 - scientists discovered MAO-A gene («Murder gene»)
The gene regulates impulse

control of behavior

Why criminals are born?

«Murder gene» theory

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Why criminals are made? Durkheim's Anomie theory Émile Durkheim Earlier, people

Why criminals are made?

Durkheim's Anomie theory

Émile Durkheim
Earlier, people had common rules
Industrial

revolution and immigration wave caused the emergence of new rules
Imbalance between the previous rules and the new ones.
This imbalance = «anomie» = lack of social norms
Anomie motivates people to commit a crime in search for a stable
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People commit crimes because they associate themselves with criminals The theory

People commit crimes because they associate themselves with criminals
The theory includes

3 mechanisms:
Reinforcement of crime - individuals teach others to commit crimes
Beliefs - individuals make believe a person that crimes are favorable
The imitation of criminal models – people imitate the behavior of criminals

Why criminals are made?

Social learning theory

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2nd PART Arguments

2nd

PART

Arguments

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2006 - Bradley Waldroup killed his wife by a machete and

2006 - Bradley Waldroup killed his wife by a machete and

shot her friend
First degree murder and death penalty
He had the high-risk version of the MAOA gene («Murder gene»)
The judge allowed to use this evidence
Voluntary manslaughter and 32 years in prison

Why criminals are born?

«Murder gene case»

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Human psyche influence making decision Not all people have a healthy

Human psyche influence making decision
Not all people have a healthy psyche:

There are people with mental disorder (mental illness)
Mental illness is usually inborn
Unhealthy psyche influences making decision to commit a crime

Why criminals are born?

Mental illness of criminal

KILL YOU

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Crime is the result of social factors There are factors of

Crime is the result of social factors
There are factors of crime,

operating in the 4 spheres of society:
The cost of living is below the level of physiological survival
Unemployment
The instability of the political regime
Corruption in the public service

Why criminals are made?

Social factors of crime

I. Economical sphere

II. Political sphere

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Ethic and religious intolerance Drug addiction and alcoholism Legal nihilism Contradictions

Ethic and religious intolerance
Drug addiction and alcoholism
Legal nihilism
Contradictions in the situation

of youth
Domestic problems
Contradictions in the conditions of upbringing and education

Why criminals are made?

Social factors of crime

III. Spiritual-moral and socio-psychological

IV. Sphere of social relations

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THANK YOU

THANK YOU

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Please Turn over your sheet of paper Make a choice

Please
Turn over your sheet of paper
Make a choice