Social and cultural diversity

Июль 29, 2022

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Обществознание
Social and cultural diversity

Содержание

3. Source: Stutz, Warf. World Economy.
4. Age structure of GDR – 1964 Great War Great Depression 1929-33 World War II
6. China
7. Berlin
8. Homeless persons in Sydney
10. Russia
12. Female sex ratio in 2006 Source: World Population Data Sheet 2006
13. Highest and lowest female sex ratio in 2006
14. Social and cultural diversity Ethnic diversity Linguistic diversity Religious diversity Education Labor force; employment and redundancy
15. Some definitions: Nation (two main meanings) Ethnic group Ethnic minority Modern broadening of the term ”NATION”
16. Ethnicity and language Equality – Polish people, Hungarians, Tamil people Language domination – Serbs & Croats,
17. Socio-ethnic compactness
18. Polish national minority’s percentage in rural areas of Lithuania - 1959
19. The main three language classifications According to grammatical and lexical similarity: FAMILY, SUBFAMILY, GROUP, SUBGROUP, LANGUAGE
20. Languages http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp
22. Main language families Afro-Asiatic (Hamitic, Semitic) Altaic Austro-Asiatic (Mon Khmer, Munda) Austronesian Chukotko-Kamchatkan (Paleosiberian) Dravidian Indoeuropean
26. Slavic languages (ab 320 million) West Slavic (56) Pomeranian kashubian Polish (42,5) Sorbian Lower Sorbian (15
28. Baltic languages Lithuanian (3) Latvian (2)
29. Romance languages (ab 750 million) South Romance (1,8) Corsican (340 thousand) Sardinian (1,5) East Romance (26)
31. Celtic languages (ab 2 million) Goidelic (800 thousand) Irish (700 thousand) Gaelic (Scots Gaelic, Scottish) (80
32. Germanic languages (ab 480 million) West Germanic (466) English (350) German (90) Frisian (400 thousand) Lallans,
35. Official languages
38. Some examples of spreading or diffusion of culture / ideas Toponymy Toponymy is the scientific study
39. Krievija
40. Krievija kriv*** крив*** кривий Кривий Ріг кривoй Кривoй Рoг kriv, krivi Křivý Kriváň
41. Krievija
42. Ruotsi
43. Ruotsi Similar to „Russia” Rosja Russland Rusko Rusia Russie Rússia
44. Ruotsi The Rurik dynasty, Rurikids 862 - 1598 Rurykowicze Рюриковичі Рюриковичи Ruryk Рюрик Rørik Rerik Hrørikr
45. Ruotsi
46. Ruotsi
47. Vokietija Pasak K.Būgos ir J.Endzelyno,Vokia senovėje buvo vadinama kažkokia Švedijos sritis. K.Būga šį vardą sieja su
48. Vokietija Vācija
49. Vokietija Vācija Þýskaland
50. Vokietija Vācija Þýskaland Tyskland
51. Vokietija Vācija Þýskaland Tyskland Yr Almaen
52. Vokietija Vācija Þýskaland Tyskland Yr Almaen Saksamaa
53. Vokietija Vācija Þýskaland Tyskland Yr Almaen Saksamaa
54. Vokietija Vācija Þýskaland Tyskland Yr Almaen Saksamaa Tedeschi*
55. Vokietija Vācija Yr Almaen Saksamaa Tedeschi* Niemcy Německo Nemecko Германия Германија Nemčija Немачка Njemačka Німеччина Германія
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Source: Stutz, Warf. World Economy.

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Age structure of GDR – 1964
Great War
Great Depression 1929-33
World War II

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China

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Berlin

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Homeless persons in Sydney

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Russia

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Female sex ratio in 2006
Source: World Population Data Sheet 2006

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Highest and lowest female sex ratio in 2006

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Social and cultural diversity
Ethnic diversity
Linguistic diversity
Religious diversity
Education
Labor force; employment and redundancy

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Some definitions:
Nation (two main meanings)
Ethnic group
Ethnic minority
Modern broadening of the term

”NATION”
Objective (fact) and subjective (idea) criterion of nation
Statistical methods

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Ethnicity and language
Equality – Polish people, Hungarians, Tamil people
Language domination –

Serbs & Croats,
Egyptians & Tunisians
Americans, English & Welsh people
Afrikaners & Coloureds
Spanish, some Philippinos & Argentinians
3. Nation domination – Swiss, Canadians, Belgians, Luxembourgians

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Socio-ethnic compactness

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Polish national minority’s percentage in rural areas of Lithuania - 1959

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The main three language classifications
According to grammatical and lexical similarity: FAMILY,

SUBFAMILY, GROUP, SUBGROUP, LANGUAGE
e.g. family of indoeuropean languages
According to historical influences for each other (often based on proximity): SPRACHBUND („LANGUAGE LEAGUE”)
e.g. Balkan area
According to language structures: isolating or analytic, agglutinative, inflecting or fusional

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Languages
http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp

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Main language families
Afro-Asiatic (Hamitic, Semitic)
Altaic
Austro-Asiatic (Mon Khmer, Munda)
Austronesian
Chukotko-Kamchatkan (Paleosiberian)
Dravidian
Indoeuropean
Khoisan
Niger-Congo (Niger-Kordofanian or

Bantu)
Nilo-Saharan
Sino-Tibetan
Thai-Kadai
Uralic (Ugro-Finnic)
+ japanese, korean, basque

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Slavic languages (ab 320 million)
West Slavic (56)
Pomeranian
kashubian
Polish (42,5)
Sorbian
Lower

Sorbian (15 thousand)
Upper Sorbian (55 thousand)
Czech (9)
Slovak (5)
South Slacvic (28)
Slovene (2)
Serbian & Croatian (17)
Macedonian (1,8)
Bulgarian (8,5)
East Slavic (210)
Belarussian (10)
Russian (160)
Ukrainian (40)
Rusyns or Carpatho-Rusyns

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Baltic languages
Lithuanian (3)
Latvian (2)

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Romance languages (ab 750 million)
South Romance (1,8)
Corsican (340 thousand)

Sardinian (1,5)
East Romance (26)
Romanian (26)
Moldavian (2,7)
Aromanian (Macedo-Romanian) (150 thousand)
Istroromanian (ab 500 persons)
Megleno-Romanian (12 thousand)
West Romance (720)
Italian (62)
French (80)
Provençal, Occitan (Lenga d'òc) & Gascon (1,2)
Spanish (Castillian) (360)
Catalan (7)
Galician (3)
Portuguese (ok. 200 mln)
Rhaeto-Romance (Rhaeto-Romansch) (630 thousand)
Istriot (nearly extinct)

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Celtic languages (ab 2 million)
Goidelic (800 thousand)
Irish (700

thousand)
Gaelic (Scots Gaelic, Scottish) (80 thousand)
Brythonic (1,2)
Welsh (500 thousand)
Breton (700 thousand)

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Germanic languages (ab 480 million)
West Germanic (466)
English (350)
German

(90)
Frisian (400 thousand)
Lallans, Lowland Scots
Pidgin English
Yiddish
Luxemburgian (300 thousand)
Dutch (Netherlandic) (ok. 23 mln)
Dutch in the Netherlands (ok. 16 mln)
Flemish (ok. 7 mln)
Afrikaans (ok. 10,5 mln)
Scandinavian (North Germanic, Nordic) (18,5)
Icelandic (280 thousand)
Faroese (50 thousand)
Norwegian (Bokmål & Nynorsk) (4)
Danish (5)
Swedish (9)

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Official languages

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Some examples of spreading or diffusion of culture / ideas
Toponymy
Toponymy is

the scientific study of place names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use and typology. The word "toponymy" is derived from the Greek words τόπος (place) and ὄνομα (name).

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Krievija

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Krievija
kriv*
крив* кривий Кривий Ріг
кривoй Кривoй Рoг
kriv, krivi
Křivý Kriváň

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Krievija

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Ruotsi

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Ruotsi
Similar to „Russia”
Rosja
Russland
Rusko
Rusia
Russie
Rússia

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Ruotsi
The Rurik dynasty, Rurikids 862 - 1598
Rurykowicze
Рюриковичі
Рюриковичи
Ruryk
Рюрик
Rørik
Rerik
Hrørikr

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Ruotsi

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Ruotsi

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Vokietija
Pasak K.Būgos ir J.Endzelyno,Vokia senovėje buvo vadinama kažkokia Švedijos sritis. K.Būga

šį vardą sieja su gotų istoriko Jordano (6 a.) minėta Pietryčuų Švedijos gentimi VAGOTH. Jei tai yra dūrinys, kurio antrasis sandas yra -goth (gotai), tai pirmasis galėjo būti *vākia (Būga), ar *vāki- (Endzelynas); dūrinyje šis pirmasis sandas redukavosi. Vis dėlto tokios Švedijos srities *VĀKIĀ neremia jokie švedų kalbos (ir toponimijos) duomenys.

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Vokietija
Vācija

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Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland

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Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland

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Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen

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Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa

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Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa

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Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa
Tedeschi*

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Vokietija
Vācija
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa
Tedeschi*
Niemcy
Německo
Nemecko
Германия
Германија
Nemčija
Немачка
Njemačka
Німеччина

Германія
Нямеччына
Германия
Němska
An Ghearmáin
Alamagn
A' Ghearmailt
Yn Ghermaan
Almayn
Németország
Duiska
Saksa
Gjermania
Alemania
Γερμανία
Almanya
Tyskland
Týskland
Tyskland
Tyskland
Tyskland
Dútslân
Deutschland
Däitschland
Duitsland
Duitsland
Germany
Germania
Alemania
Alemanya
Alemanha
Germania
Germania
Allemagne
Germania
Ghermãnia
Germania

Social and cultural diversity

Содержание

Source: Stutz, Warf. World Economy.

Age structure of GDR – 1964Great WarGreat Depression 1929-33World War II

China

Berlin

Homeless persons in Sydney

Russia

Female sex ratio in 2006Source: World Population Data Sheet 2006

Highest and lowest female sex ratio in 2006

Social and cultural diversityEthnic diversityLinguistic diversityReligious diversityEducationLabor force; employment and redundancy

Some definitions:Nation (two main meanings)Ethnic groupEthnic minorityModern broadening of the term

Ethnicity and languageEquality – Polish people, Hungarians, Tamil peopleLanguage domination –

Socio-ethnic compactness

Polish national minority’s percentage in rural areas of Lithuania - 1959

The main three language classificationsAccording to grammatical and lexical similarity: FAMILY,

Languageshttp://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp

Main language familiesAfro-Asiatic (Hamitic, Semitic)AltaicAustro-Asiatic (Mon Khmer, Munda)AustronesianChukotko-Kamchatkan (Paleosiberian)DravidianIndoeuropeanKhoisanNiger-Congo (Niger-Kordofanian or

Slavic languages (ab 320 million) West Slavic (56) Pomeranian kashubian Polish (42,5) Sorbian Lower

Baltic languages Lithuanian (3) Latvian (2)

Romance languages (ab 750 million) South Romance (1,8) Corsican (340 thousand)

Celtic languages (ab 2 million) Goidelic (800 thousand) Irish (700

Germanic languages (ab 480 million) West Germanic (466) English (350) German

Official languages

Some examples of spreading or diffusion of culture / ideasToponymyToponymy is

Krievija

Krievijakriv***крив*** кривий Кривий Ріг кривoй Кривoй Рoгkriv, kriviKřivý Kriváň

Krievija

Ruotsi

Ruotsi Similar to „Russia”RosjaRusslandRuskoRusiaRussieRússia

RuotsiThe Rurik dynasty, Rurikids 862 - 1598RurykowiczeРюриковичіРюриковичиRurykРюрикRørikRerikHrørikr

Ruotsi

Ruotsi

VokietijaPasak K.Būgos ir J.Endzelyno,Vokia senovėje buvo vadinama kažkokia Švedijos sritis. K.Būga

VokietijaVācija

VokietijaVācijaÞýskaland

VokietijaVācijaÞýskalandTyskland

VokietijaVācijaÞýskalandTyskland Yr Almaen

VokietijaVācijaÞýskalandTyskland Yr Almaen Saksamaa

VokietijaVācijaÞýskalandTyskland Yr Almaen Saksamaa

VokietijaVācijaÞýskalandTyskland Yr Almaen SaksamaaTedeschi*

VokietijaVācijaYr Almaen SaksamaaTedeschi*Niemcy Německo Nemecko Германия Германија Nemčija Немачка Njemačka Німеччина

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Age structure of GDR – 1964
Great War
Great Depression 1929-33
World War II

Female sex ratio in 2006
Source: World Population Data Sheet 2006

Social and cultural diversity
Ethnic diversity
Linguistic diversity
Religious diversity
Education
Labor force; employment and redundancy

Some definitions:
Nation (two main meanings)
Ethnic group
Ethnic minority
Modern broadening of the term

Ethnicity and language
Equality – Polish people, Hungarians, Tamil people
Language domination –

The main three language classifications
According to grammatical and lexical similarity: FAMILY,

Languages
http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp

Main language families
Afro-Asiatic (Hamitic, Semitic)
Altaic
Austro-Asiatic (Mon Khmer, Munda)
Austronesian
Chukotko-Kamchatkan (Paleosiberian)
Dravidian
Indoeuropean
Khoisan
Niger-Congo (Niger-Kordofanian or

Slavic languages (ab 320 million)
West Slavic (56)
Pomeranian
kashubian
Polish (42,5)
Sorbian
Lower

Baltic languages
Lithuanian (3)
Latvian (2)

Romance languages (ab 750 million)
South Romance (1,8)
Corsican (340 thousand)

Celtic languages (ab 2 million)
Goidelic (800 thousand)
Irish (700

Germanic languages (ab 480 million)
West Germanic (466)
English (350)
German

Some examples of spreading or diffusion of culture / ideas
Toponymy
Toponymy is

Krievija
kriv*
крив* кривий Кривий Ріг
кривoй Кривoй Рoг
kriv, krivi
Křivý Kriváň

Ruotsi
Similar to „Russia”
Rosja
Russland
Rusko
Rusia
Russie
Rússia

Ruotsi
The Rurik dynasty, Rurikids 862 - 1598
Rurykowicze
Рюриковичі
Рюриковичи
Ruryk
Рюрик
Rørik
Rerik
Hrørikr

Vokietija
Pasak K.Būgos ir J.Endzelyno,Vokia senovėje buvo vadinama kažkokia Švedijos sritis. K.Būga

Vokietija
Vācija

Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland

Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland

Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen

Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa

Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa

Vokietija
Vācija
Þýskaland
Tyskland
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa
Tedeschi*

Vokietija
Vācija
Yr Almaen
Saksamaa
Tedeschi*
Niemcy
Německo
Nemecko
Германия
Германија
Nemčija
Немачка
Njemačka
Німеччина