Food science & hygiene. (Chapter 6)

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Hazards Biological, chemical, or physical agents that may cause illness or

Hazards

Biological, chemical, or physical agents that may cause illness or injury

if not controlled throughout the flow of food
FLOW OF FOOD
Purchasing, Receiving, Storing, Preparing, Cooking, Holding, Cooling, Reheating, Serving.
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Hazard analysis The process of identifying and evaluating potential hazards associated

Hazard analysis

The process of identifying and evaluating potential hazards associated with

foods in order to decide which foods must be addressed in a HACCP plan
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Control Point Any step in the flow of food where a

Control Point

Any step in the flow of food where a
Physical

hazard
chemical hazard
biological hazard
can be controlled!
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Critical Control Point The last step where you can intervene to

Critical Control Point

The last step where you can intervene to prevent,

control, or eliminate the growth of microorganisms before the food is served to customers
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HACCP system Identify the foods and procedures that are most likely

HACCP system

Identify the foods and procedures that are most likely to

cause food-born illness
Develop procedures that will reduce the risk of a food-born illness outbreak
Monitor procedures to keep food safe
Verify that the food you serve is consistently safe
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HACCP prerequisites SOPs (Standard Operating Procedures) Proper personal hygiene Proper facility

HACCP prerequisites

SOPs (Standard Operating Procedures)
Proper personal hygiene
Proper facility design
Choosing good supplier
Proper

cleaning and sanitation
Appropriate equipment maintenance
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HACCP principle #1 Hazard analysis Identify potential food hazards Determine where

HACCP principle #1

Hazard analysis
Identify potential food hazards
Determine where hazards can occur

in the flow of food
Group foods by how they are processed
Identify your customers
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HACCP principle #2 Determine Critical Control Points Find any step in

HACCP principle #2

Determine Critical Control Points
Find any step in the flow

of food where a hazard can be controlled: Control Point
Assess whether a Control Point is Critical:
is it the last step you can intervene before the food is served to the customer?
If yes, then it is a Critical Control Point
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HACCP principle #3 Establish Critical Limits The minimum and maximum limits

HACCP principle #3

Establish Critical Limits
The minimum and maximum limits that the

CCP must meet in order to prevent, eliminate, or reduce a hazard to an acceptable limit. The limit must be:
Measurable (time-temperature)
Based on scientific data & food regulations
Appropriate for the food
Specific to your establishment
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HACCP principle #4 Monitor Critical Control Points Focus on each CCP

HACCP principle #4

Monitor Critical Control Points
Focus on each CCP and establish

clear directions that will determine:
How to monitor the CCP
When & how often to monitor the CCP
Who will monitor the CCP
Equipment & materials needed to monitor the CCP
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HACCP principle #5 Taking corrective actions The steps taken when food

HACCP principle #5

Taking corrective actions
The steps taken when food doesn’t meet

a critical limit such as:
Continue to cook the food to the correct temperature
Throw the food away after a specific amount of time
Reject a shipment that is not in the right condition
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HACCP principle #6 Verify that the system works CCP’s and critical

HACCP principle #6

Verify that the system works
CCP’s and critical limits are

correct
Monitoring alerts you to hazards
Corrective actions are adequate
Employees are following established procedures