Bioremediation

Сентябрь 10, 2022

Содержание

2. WHAT IS BIOREMEDIATION? Using subsurface microorganisms to transform hazardous contaminants into relatively harmless byproducts, such as
3. EXAMPLES OF BIOREMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES Phytoremediation Bioventing Bioleaching Landfarming Bioreactor Composting Bioaugmentation Rhizofiltration biostimulation
4. PRINCIPLE OF BIOREMEDIATION For bioremediation to be effective, microorganisms must enzymatically attack the pollutants and convert
5. FACTORS OF BIOREMEDIATION
6. MICROORGANISM GROUPS: Aerobic. In the presence of oxygen. Examples of aerobic bacteria recognized for their degradative
7. Anaerobic. In the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria are not as frequently used as aerobic bacteria.
8. Ligninolytic fungi. Fungi such as the white rot fungus Phanaerochaete chrysosporium have the ability to degrade
9. MICROORGANISM GROUPS: Many of the higher molecular PAHs (five or more rings) are considered to be
10. Methylotrophs. Aerobic bacteria that grow utilizing methane for carbon and energy. The initial enzyme in the
11. BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIES In-Situ Bioremediation In situ bioremediation is the application of biological treatment to the cleanup
12. BIOSPARGING Involves the injection of air under pressure below the water table to increase groundwater oxygen
13. BIOVENTING Bioventing is a technology that stimulates the natural in-situ biodegradation of any aerobically degradable compounds
14. BIOAUGMENTATION Is the introduction of a group of microbial strains to treat contaminated soil or water.
15. BIOPILING Treatment is a full-scale technology in which excavated soils are mixed with soil amendments, placed
16. BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIES Ex-Situ Bioremediation Bioreactors. Slurry reactors or aqueous reactors are used for ex situ treatment
17. SPECIAL FEATURES OF BIOREMEDIATION Natural process Takes a little time The residues for the treatment are
18. LIMITATIONS OF BIOREMEDIATION Bioremediation is limited to those compounds that are biodegradable Biological processes are often
19. TYPES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION Phytoextraction phytotransformation Phytostabilization Phytodegradation Rhizofiltration
20. ADVANTAGES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION Lower cost than that of traditional processes both in-situ and ex- situ. The
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WHAT IS BIOREMEDIATION?
Using subsurface microorganisms to transform hazardous contaminants into relatively

harmless byproducts, such as ethene and water
Biodegrade
Mineralize
Biotransform
Biostimulation
Bioaugmentation
Bioaccumulation
Biosorption
Phyrporemediation
Rhizoremediation

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EXAMPLES OF BIOREMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES
Phytoremediation
Bioventing
Bioleaching
Landfarming
Bioreactor
Composting
Bioaugmentation
Rhizofiltration
biostimulation

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PRINCIPLE OF BIOREMEDIATION
For bioremediation to be effective, microorganisms must enzymatically attack

the pollutants and convert them to harmless products.

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FACTORS OF BIOREMEDIATION

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MICROORGANISM GROUPS:
Aerobic. In the presence of oxygen. Examples of aerobic bacteria

recognized for their degradative abilities are Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Sphingomonas, Rhodococcus, and Mycobacterium. These microbes have often been reported to degrade pesticides and hydrocarbons, both alkanes and compounds. Many of these bacteria use the contaminant as the sole source of carbon and energy.

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

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Anaerobic. In the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria are not as

frequently used as aerobic bacteria. There is an increasing interest in anaerobic bacteria used for bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in river sediments, dechlorination of the solvent trichloroethylene (TCE), and chloroform.

MICROORGANISM GROUPS:

Enterobacter

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Ligninolytic fungi. Fungi such as the white rot fungus Phanaerochaete chrysosporium

have the ability to degrade an extremely diverse range of persistent or toxic environmental pollutants. Common substrates used include straw, saw dust, or corn cobs.

MICROORGANISM GROUPS:

Phanaerochaete chrysosporium

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MICROORGANISM GROUPS:
Many of the higher molecular PAHs (five or more rings)

are considered to be mutagenic and carcinogenic.

White-rot fungi have been found to posses a good potential for PAH-contaminated soil bioremediation due to their ligninlytic exoenzymes e. g. lignin peroxidases, manganese peroxidases (MnPs) and laccases.

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Methylotrophs. Aerobic bacteria that grow utilizing methane for carbon and energy.

The initial enzyme in the pathway for aerobic degradation, methane monooxygenase, has a broad substrate range and is active against a wide range of compounds, including the chlorinated aliphatics trichloroethylene and 1,2-dichloroethane.

MICROORGANISM GROUPS:

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BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIES
In-Situ Bioremediation
In situ bioremediation is the application of biological treatment

to the cleanup of hazardous chemicals present in the subsurface.

Biosparging
Bioventing
Bioaugmentation
Biopiling

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BIOSPARGING
Involves the injection of air under pressure below the water table

to increase groundwater oxygen concentrations and enhance the rate of biological degradation of contaminants by naturally occurring bacteria.

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BIOVENTING
Bioventing is a technology that stimulates the natural in-situ biodegradation of

any aerobically degradable compounds in NAPL within the soil by providing oxygen to existing soil microorganisms.

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BIOAUGMENTATION
Is the introduction of a group of microbial strains to treat

contaminated soil or water.

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BIOPILING
Treatment is a full-scale technology in which excavated soils are mixed

with soil amendments, placed on a treatment area and bioremediated using forced aeration.

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BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIES
Ex-Situ Bioremediation
Bioreactors. Slurry reactors or aqueous reactors are used for

ex situ treatment of contaminated soil and water pumped up from a contaminated plume. Bioremediation in reactors involves the processing of contaminated solid material or water through an engineered containment system.

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SPECIAL FEATURES OF BIOREMEDIATION
Natural process
Takes a little time
The residues for the

treatment are usually harmless product sort
Requires a very less effort
Complete destruction of the pollutants
It does not use any dangerous chemicals

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LIMITATIONS OF BIOREMEDIATION
Bioremediation is limited to those compounds that are biodegradable
Biological

processes are often highly specific.
Contaminants may be present as solids, liquids and gases
Bioremediation often takes longer than other treatment options
Can clean up the soil without causing any kind of harm to the soil quality

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TYPES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
Phytoextraction
phytotransformation
Phytostabilization
Phytodegradation
Rhizofiltration

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ADVANTAGES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
Lower cost than that of traditional processes both in-situ

and ex- situ.
The plants can be easily monitored
The possibility of the recovery and re-use of valuable products.
It uses naturally occurring organisms and preserves the natural state of the environment.
The low cost of phytoremediation (up to 1000 times cheaper than excavation and reburial) is the main advantage of phytoremediation

Bioremediation

Содержание

WHAT IS BIOREMEDIATION?Using subsurface microorganisms to transform hazardous contaminants into relatively

EXAMPLES OF BIOREMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIESPhytoremediationBioventingBioleachingLandfarmingBioreactorCompostingBioaugmentationRhizofiltrationbiostimulation

PRINCIPLE OF BIOREMEDIATIONFor bioremediation to be effective, microorganisms must enzymatically attack

FACTORS OF BIOREMEDIATION

MICROORGANISM GROUPS:Aerobic. In the presence of oxygen. Examples of aerobic bacteria

Anaerobic. In the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria are not as

Ligninolytic fungi. Fungi such as the white rot fungus Phanaerochaete chrysosporium

MICROORGANISM GROUPS:Many of the higher molecular PAHs (five or more rings)

Methylotrophs. Aerobic bacteria that grow utilizing methane for carbon and energy.

BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIESIn-Situ BioremediationIn situ bioremediation is the application of biological treatment

BIOSPARGINGInvolves the injection of air under pressure below the water table

BIOVENTINGBioventing is a technology that stimulates the natural in-situ biodegradation of

BIOAUGMENTATIONIs the introduction of a group of microbial strains to treat

BIOPILINGTreatment is a full-scale technology in which excavated soils are mixed

BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIESEx-Situ BioremediationBioreactors. Slurry reactors or aqueous reactors are used for

SPECIAL FEATURES OF BIOREMEDIATIONNatural processTakes a little timeThe residues for the

LIMITATIONS OF BIOREMEDIATIONBioremediation is limited to those compounds that are biodegradableBiological

TYPES OF PHYTOREMEDIATIONPhytoextractionphytotransformationPhytostabilizationPhytodegradationRhizofiltration

ADVANTAGES OF PHYTOREMEDIATIONLower cost than that of traditional processes both in-situ

Похожие презентации

WHAT IS BIOREMEDIATION?
Using subsurface microorganisms to transform hazardous contaminants into relatively

EXAMPLES OF BIOREMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES
Phytoremediation
Bioventing
Bioleaching
Landfarming
Bioreactor
Composting
Bioaugmentation
Rhizofiltration
biostimulation

PRINCIPLE OF BIOREMEDIATION
For bioremediation to be effective, microorganisms must enzymatically attack

MICROORGANISM GROUPS:
Aerobic. In the presence of oxygen. Examples of aerobic bacteria

MICROORGANISM GROUPS:
Many of the higher molecular PAHs (five or more rings)

BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIES
In-Situ Bioremediation
In situ bioremediation is the application of biological treatment

BIOSPARGING
Involves the injection of air under pressure below the water table

BIOVENTING
Bioventing is a technology that stimulates the natural in-situ biodegradation of

BIOAUGMENTATION
Is the introduction of a group of microbial strains to treat

BIOPILING
Treatment is a full-scale technology in which excavated soils are mixed

BIOREMEDITION STRATEGIES
Ex-Situ Bioremediation
Bioreactors. Slurry reactors or aqueous reactors are used for

SPECIAL FEATURES OF BIOREMEDIATION
Natural process
Takes a little time
The residues for the

LIMITATIONS OF BIOREMEDIATION
Bioremediation is limited to those compounds that are biodegradable
Biological

TYPES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
Phytoextraction
phytotransformation
Phytostabilization
Phytodegradation
Rhizofiltration

ADVANTAGES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
Lower cost than that of traditional processes both in-situ