History of computers

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Vocabulary

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Vocabulary

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Active / Passive Verb Forms

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Active / Passive Verb Forms

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Examples

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The very first calculating device

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The first calculating devices

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The first calculating devices
Then people invented the abacus, a

bead frame in which the beads are moved from left to right. People went on using some form of abacus well in the 16th century. In fact, the oldest abacus was used in 300 B.C. by the Babylonians. The abacus is still in use today, principally in the far east.

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Leonardo da Vinci
In XV century Leonardo da Vinci invented the summing

device with gear wheels carrying out addition of 13-digit numbers.

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In XVI century the German professor Wilhelm Schickard invented summing

«calculating clock». It carried out addition and multiplication of 6-digit numbers.

Wilhelm Schickard

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The first mechanical adding device was developed in 1642 by the

French scientist-philosopher, Pascal. His machine «Pascalina» carried out addition and subtraction of 8-digit numbers.

Blaise Pascal

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In 1671 Leibniz, a German mathematician and philosopher invented the mechanical

adding device which was capable of also doing multiplication, division and the evaluation of square roots by a series of stepped additions, not unlike the methods used in modern digital computers.

V. G. Leibniz

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Charles Babbage, an Englishman invented the first calculating machine in 1830.

It was called «the Analytical Engine».
It carried out automatic calculations:
Warehouse (data storage);
Office (management);
Data input and
program with punched cards.

Charles Babbage

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Generations of computers
The first generation of computers
The second generation of computers
The

third generation of computers
The fourth generation of computers
The fifth generation of computers

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GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS

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GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS

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Frequently Asked Questions
Explain different generations of computers?

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Quiz
1. How many generations computers are there?
a. 1
b. 4
c. 5
d. 8
Answer:

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Quiz
2. The third generation computers used
a. vacuum tubes
b. transistors
c. integrated circuits

d. microprocessors
Answer: c

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Quiz
3. The second generation computers used
a. vacuum tubes
b. transistors

c. artificial intelligence
d . microprocessors
Answer: b

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Quiz
4. The first generation computers used
a. vacuum tubes
b. transistors
c. artificial intelligence

d. microprocessors
Answer: a

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Quiz
5. The fourth generation computers used
a. vacuum tubes
b. transistors
c. integrated circuits

d. microprocessors
Answer: d

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Quiz
6. The fifth generation computers used
a. vacuum tubes
b. transistors
c. artificial intelligence
d.

microprocessors
Answer: c

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Quiz
7. Who is “a father of the computer”?
a. Charles Babbage
b.

Konrad Zuse
c. Blaise Pascal
d. Leonardo da Vinci
Answer: a

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Quiz
8. Computers were developed to perform calculations for military and scientific

purposes.
a. Компьютеры были созданы, чтобы выполнять вычисления для военных и научных целей.
b.Созданные компьютеры выполняли вычисления военного и научного назначения.
c. Компьютеры создали для выполнения военных и научных вычислений.
Answer: а

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