Noun phrase

Август 12, 2022

Содержание

2. How to form a noun phrase A noun phrase is formed using a noun and words
3. Pre - modifiers Determiners – articles, (a, an, the) possessive adjectives (my, your, his..) distributive adjectives
4. Please remember You can’t use all types of pre-modifiers together, if you need to use several,
5. Post modifiers There are four types of post modifiers: 1. prepositional phrase 2. Gerund phrase 3.
6. Prepositional phrase A girl with long hair A girl - noun With long hair – prepositional
7. Gerund A gerund phrase is a noun phrase that starts with a gerund (a verb in
8. Infinitive An infinitive phrase is a phrase that starts with an infinitive (first form of the
9. Relative clause The man who gave me some money - noun phrase with a relative clause
10. Position of a noun phrase Like a noun, noun phrase can take four positions in a
11. For example: These boys are my friends - subject I love your baby sister - object
12. How to identify a noun phrase You can easily test if a group of words is
13. And the reverse process-changing pronouns into a noun phrase Here is a little cryptic (unclear) sentence
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How to form a noun phrase
A noun phrase is formed using

a noun and words that modify (give some information about the noun) it.
There are three ways of forming a noun phrase. By Using:
Pre modifiers
Post modifiers
Both pre and post modifiers

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Pre - modifiers
Determiners – articles, (a, an, the) possessive adjectives (my,

your, his..) distributive adjectives (this, that, these, those)quantifiers (some, any, several, a few..)
Adjectives (lazy, good-looking, etc)
Numbers (one, second…)
Nouns (weekend job)

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Please remember
You can’t use all types of pre-modifiers together, if you

need to use several, the structure is determiner+number+ adjective + noun +head noun
e.g. job – noun
A good weekend job- noun phrase using 3 types of pre-modifiers- article (a) adjective (good) weekend (noun) job (head noun)
I got a good weekend job = a sentence with a noun phrase.

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Post modifiers
There are four types of post modifiers:
1. prepositional phrase
2. Gerund

phrase
3. Infinitive
4. Relative clause

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Prepositional phrase
A girl with long hair
A girl - noun
With long

hair – prepositional phrase (starting with preposition with)
I met a girl with a long hair - sentence with a prepositional noun phrase
A man in a black overcoat
A man – head noun
In a black overcoat=prepositional phrase (starting with a preposition in)
A man in a black overcoat was walking down the street = sentence with a noun phrase.

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Gerund
A gerund phrase is a noun phrase that starts with a

gerund (a verb in ing form acting as a noun) and modifies a noun that comes after it.
For example:
man standing in the street.
Man –noun
Standing in the street- gerund phrase
I saw a man standing in the street= a sentence with a gerund noun phrase

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Infinitive
An infinitive phrase is a phrase that starts with an infinitive

(first form of the verb) used to modify a noun
For example: clothes to wear – noun + phrase with infinitive
I don’t have clothes to wear =sentence with a noun phrase using inf as a post modifier

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Relative clause
The man who gave me some money - noun phrase

with a relative clause
The man who gave me some money arrived yesterday= a sentence with a noun phrase using relative clause
The umbrella which was lost yesterday – noun phrase with inf
I found the umbrella which was lost yesterday = sentence with noun phrase with infinitive

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Position of a noun phrase
Like a noun, noun phrase can take

four positions in a sentence:
1. subject
2. object
3. object of the preposition
4. subject complement

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For example:
These boys are my friends - subject
I love your

baby sister - object
she is living in a big house – as the object of the preposition
He is my favorite singer – subject complement

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How to identify a noun phrase
You can easily test if a

group of words is a noun phrase – by checking if you can substitute (replace) a pronoun for it or not.
For example, in the sentence
I found that photo of Billy we were looking for down the back of the sofa.
the words that photo of Billy we were looking for can be substituted by the pronoun it = I found it down the back of the sofa (it instead of a noun phrase)

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And the reverse process-changing pronouns into a noun phrase
Here is

a little cryptic (unclear) sentence which only has pronouns rather than nouns- They angrily pushed them into it.
Let’s change the pronouns into noun phrases of three or more words each, e.g. to make a complex noun phrase used in academic texts
They angrily pushed the screaming crowd of rioters into the fast-flowing, dirty river below (noun phrase)=They angrily pushed them into it.
Rioters – head noun + pre and post modifiers