Stylistics of the English Language 2. The types of stylistics

Июль 22, 2022

Главная
Английский язык
Stylistics of the English Language 2. The types of stylistics

Содержание

2. Outline The types of stylistics Decoding Stylistics and its Techniques
3. Types of stylistics Literary and linguistic stylistics Functional stylistics Comparative stylistics Decoding stylistics
4. Literary and Linguistic Stylistics Common ground: The literary language The idiolect of a writer Different points
5. Literary and Linguistic Stylistics: Example Jack. [Nervously.] Miss Fairfax, ever since I met you I have
6. The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Literary Criticism Approach: Genre: drama, conversational style Author’s
7. The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Linguistic Stylistics Approach: Phono-graphical: many dots - groping
8. Functional Stylistics investigates functional styles or sublanguages of the national language, such as belles-lettres/emotive prose colloquial
9. Functional Stylistics: Example When The New Yorker was founded, Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky had already been well-known
10. Functional Stylistics: Example The extract above is a fragment of science prose: the use of formal
11. Comparative Stylistics connected with the contrastive study of more than one language studies the stylistic characteristics
12. Comparative Stylistics: Example 2 Ка-а-ма, чики неλня мэтаλ тэλ пы’т, пы’т тохоλамэλ, кана тохоλамэλ ниλха ηа’’.
13. Decoding Stylistics developed by R.Jacobson (1896-1982), Closing Statement: Linguistics and Poetics (1960) M. Riffaterre (1924-2006), The
14. Decoding Stylistics draws upon: Information Theory Psychology Statistical Studies Linguistics Literary Theory Literary Criticism
15. Decoding Stylistics and the Theory of Communication Claude Shannon, "The Mathematic Theory of Communication" (1949), the
16. Encoding text analysis from the author’s point of view: epoch, the historical situation, the political, social
17. Decoding text analysis from the reader’s point of view: the composition of the text, the vocabulary
18. Decoding Stylistics is in fact the reader’s stylistics that is engaged in recreating the author’s vision
19. Decoding Stylistics does not consider the stylistic function of any stylistically important feature separately but only
20. Decoding Stylistics – Reader Response Criticism From the reader’s point of view the important thing is
21. Decoder=Reader=“Artist” What is reading but divining (perceive by intuition or insight), interpreting, unraveling the mystery, wrapped
22. Decoding Stylistics: Foregrounding Techniques There are 5 major foregrounding techniques: 1) coupling - deals with the
23. Foregrounding Techniques : Example We think sometimes there’s not a dragon left. Not one brave knight,
24. Foregrounding Techniques: Example Analysis Coupling – the text is viewed as one whole due to the
25. Decoding Stylistics: Foregrounding Techniques 3)convergence of expressive means - accumulation of stylistic devices promoting the same
27. Скачать презентацию

Слайд 2

Outline
The types of stylistics
Decoding Stylistics and its Techniques

Слайд 3

Types of stylistics
Literary and linguistic stylistics
Functional stylistics
Comparative stylistics
Decoding stylistics

Слайд 4

Literary and Linguistic Stylistics
Common ground:
The literary language
The idiolect of a writer
Different

points of analysis:

Слайд 5

Literary and Linguistic Stylistics: Example
Jack. [Nervously.] Miss Fairfax, ever since I

met you I have admired you more than any girl . . . I have ever met since . . . I met you.
Gwendolen. Yes, I am quite well aware of the fact. And I often wish that in public, at any rate, you had been more demonstrative. For me you have always had an irresistible fascination. Even before I met you I was far from indifferent to you. [Jack looks at her in amazement.] We live, as I hope you know, Mr. Worthing, in an age of ideals. The fact is constantly mentioned in the more expensive monthly magazines, and has reached the provincial pulpits, I am told; and my ideal has always been to love someone of the name of Ernest. There is something in that name that inspires absolute confidence. The moment Algernon first mentioned to me that he had a friend called Ernest, I knew I was destined to love you.

Слайд 6

The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Literary Criticism Approach:
Genre: drama,

conversational style
Author’s attitude: witty and ironic style of writing
Message: love confession of a nervous man to a light-headed girl
Composition*: development*

Слайд 7

The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Linguistic Stylistics Approach:
Phono-graphical: many

dots - groping for words; brackets
Morphological: the variety of tenses in Gwendolen’s speech indicates her composure and ability to narrate as well as analyze her life, particularly her own thoughts, at the moment;
Lexical: J’s scarcity of vocabulary is contrasted with G’s abundance of it; G’s choice of lexis brings out her romantic nature and superficial interest in Jack;
Syntactical: the sentences in G’s speech are mostly simple revealing the control of thoughts. The compound sentence used suggests that the character lives according to the rules mentioned in “the more expensive monthly magazines”. The final complex sentence with the subordinate clause of time represents the indirect love confession of the girl. The syntactical complexity grows towards the end;
Stylistic: the antimetabole used in J’s utterance points at his state of mind. The clash between the perfectly rounded phrase and empty content creates a humorous effect. In G’s speech we can see indirect expression of affection conveyed by the litotes (far from indifferent);

Слайд 8

Functional Stylistics
investigates functional styles or sublanguages of the national language, such

as
belles-lettres/emotive prose
colloquial
business
publicist/media (discourse)
scientific
style of legal documents

Слайд 9

Functional Stylistics: Example
When The New Yorker was founded, Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky

had already been well-known among the erudite readers, because no introduction of them has been traced in the magazine. Tolstoy is the only writer mentioned on a level with Shakespeare, four times at that, and is compared to God twice. It is a reflection of the fact that among the authors of Russian origin Tolstoy is the most revered. Dostoyevsky, in turn, is the most precedent writer in the group under scrutiny, since his name is the most resorted to during the period 1925-2015.
[Mikhaylov 2015: 89]

Слайд 10

Functional Stylistics: Example
The extract above is a fragment of science prose:
the

use of formal vocabulary (resorted to, under scrutiny)
the use of quantitative/statistics method (four times at that; his name is the most resorted to during the period 1925-2015)
the use of a reference with pages ([Mikhaylov 2015: 89])

Слайд 11

Comparative Stylistics
connected with the contrastive study of more than one language
studies

the stylistic characteristics of one language in comparison with those of another one
linked to the theory of translation
Example 1
English: Today is Thursday.
French: Nous sommes jeudi aujourd’hui (“We are Thursday today”). - Subjectivism

Слайд 12

Comparative Stylistics: Example 2
Ка-а-ма, чики неλня мэтаλ тэλ пы’т, пы’т тохоλамэλ,

кана тохоλамэλ ниλха ηа’’. Ниλин тянямтамэй ηэλха. [from a conversation between two Nenets men]
Oh, this leading deer seems to have been taught by somebody other than you. Your Granddad seems to have tamed him.

Слайд 13

Decoding Stylistics
developed by
R.Jacobson (1896-1982), Closing Statement: Linguistics and Poetics (1960)
M. Riffaterre

(1924-2006), The Stylistic Function (1964)
Y.M. Lotman (1922-1993), Структура художественного текста (1970)
I. V. Arnold (1908-2010), Стилистика.Современный английский язык. Стилистика декодирования (2007)

Слайд 14

Decoding Stylistics
draws upon:
Information Theory
Psychology
Statistical Studies
Linguistics
Literary Theory
Literary Criticism

Слайд 15

Decoding Stylistics and the Theory of Communication
Claude Shannon, "The Mathematic Theory

of Communication" (1949), the chain of communication:
objective reality > transmitter/encoder > message/text > receiver/ decoder > objective reality (surrounding the adressee)
The chain of communication in literature:
social reality (surrounding the writer) > writer (encoder) > literary work > reader (decoder) > social reality (surrounding the reader)

Слайд 16

Encoding
text analysis from the author’s point of view: epoch, the historical

situation, the political, social and aesthetic views of the author (processing and delivering)
the process of internalizing of the outside information and translating it into the imagery

Слайд 17

Decoding
text analysis from the reader’s point of view: the composition of

the text, the vocabulary used, sentence arrangement, projecting the ideas from the text onto the reality of the reader, etc.
the process of interpreting the text in question

Слайд 18

Decoding Stylistics
is in fact the reader’s stylistics that is engaged in

recreating the author’s vision of the world with the help of concrete text elements and their interaction throughout the text

Слайд 19

Decoding Stylistics
does not consider the stylistic function of any stylistically important

feature separately but only as a part of the whole text

Слайд 20

Decoding Stylistics – Reader Response Criticism
From the reader’s point of view

the important thing is not what the author wanted to say but what he managed to convey in the text of his work.

Слайд 21

Decoder=Reader=“Artist”
What is reading but divining (perceive by intuition or insight), interpreting,

unraveling the mystery, wrapped in between the lines, beyond the words. So if the reader has no imagination, no book stands a chance.
[M. Tsvetaeva, «Poets on Critics»]

Слайд 22

Decoding Stylistics: Foregrounding Techniques
There are 5 major foregrounding techniques:
1) coupling

- deals with the arrangement of textual elements that provide the unity and cohesion of the whole structure
2) semantic field - identifies lexical elements in text segments and the whole work that provide its thematic and compositional cohesion

Слайд 23

Foregrounding Techniques : Example
We think sometimes there’s not a dragon

left. Not one brave knight, not a single princess gliding through secret forests, enchanting deer and butterflies with her smile.
What a pleasure to be wrong. Princesses, knights, enchantments and dragons, mystery and adventure… not only are they here-and-now, they are all that ever lived on earth.
Our century they’ve changed clothes, of course. Dragons wear government-costumes, today, and failure-suits and disaster-outfits. Society’s demons screech (to utter a shrill), whirl down on us should we lift our eyes from the ground, dare we turn right at corners we’ve been told to turn left. So crafty (skilled in deception) have appearances become that princesses and knights can be hidden from each other, can be hidden from themselves.
[Richard Bach, The Bridge Across Forever, p.13]

Слайд 24

Foregrounding Techniques: Example Analysis
Coupling – the text is viewed as

one whole due to the repetition on the lexical level:
1st paragraph – dragon, a brave knight, a single princess, enchanting
2nd paragraph - princesses, knights, enchantments and dragons
3d paragraph – dragons, princesses and knights
Semantic Field of “Fairytale”:
lexis denoting fairytale entities – dragon, a brave knight, princess, secret forest, enchanting deer and butterflies, enchantment, mystery, demons, crafty appearances
metaphorical references to the same lexis (ex. they’ve changed clothes)

Слайд 25

Decoding Stylistics: Foregrounding Techniques
3)convergence of expressive means - accumulation of stylistic

devices promoting the same idea, emotion, or motive: “But today she passed the baker’s by, climbed the stairs, went into the little dark room – her room like a cupboard – and sat down on the red eiderdown. She sat there for a long time. The box that the fur came out of was on the bed. She unclasped the necklet quickly; quickly, without looking, laid it inside. But when she put the lid on she thought she heard something crying.” [Mansfield, Miss Brill]

Stylistics of the English Language 2. The types of stylistics

Содержание

OutlineThe types of stylisticsDecoding Stylistics and its Techniques

Types of stylisticsLiterary and linguistic stylisticsFunctional stylisticsComparative stylisticsDecoding stylistics

Literary and Linguistic StylisticsCommon ground:The literary languageThe idiolect of a writerDifferent

Literary and Linguistic Stylistics: ExampleJack. [Nervously.] Miss Fairfax, ever since I

The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Literary Criticism Approach:Genre: drama,

The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Linguistic Stylistics Approach:Phono-graphical: many

Functional Stylisticsinvestigates functional styles or sublanguages of the national language, such

Functional Stylistics: ExampleWhen The New Yorker was founded, Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky

Functional Stylistics: ExampleThe extract above is a fragment of science prose:the

Comparative Stylisticsconnected with the contrastive study of more than one languagestudies

Comparative Stylistics: Example 2 Ка-а-ма, чики неλня мэтаλ тэλ пы’т, пы’т тохоλамэλ,

Decoding Stylisticsdeveloped byR.Jacobson (1896-1982), Closing Statement: Linguistics and Poetics (1960)M. Riffaterre

Decoding Stylisticsdraws upon:Information TheoryPsychologyStatistical StudiesLinguisticsLiterary TheoryLiterary Criticism

Decoding Stylistics and the Theory of CommunicationClaude Shannon, "The Mathematic Theory

Encodingtext analysis from the author’s point of view: epoch, the historical

Decodingtext analysis from the reader’s point of view: the composition of

Decoding Stylisticsis in fact the reader’s stylistics that is engaged in

Decoding Stylisticsdoes not consider the stylistic function of any stylistically important

Decoding Stylistics – Reader Response CriticismFrom the reader’s point of view

Decoder=Reader=“Artist”What is reading but divining (perceive by intuition or insight), interpreting,

Decoding Stylistics: Foregrounding Techniques There are 5 major foregrounding techniques:1) coupling

Foregrounding Techniques : Example We think sometimes there’s not a dragon

Foregrounding Techniques: Example AnalysisCoupling – the text is viewed as

Decoding Stylistics: Foregrounding Techniques 3)convergence of expressive means - accumulation of stylistic

Похожие презентации