Mechacnics. Molecular physics and Thermodynamics. Electricity. Magnetism

Июль 27, 2022

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Mechacnics. Molecular physics and Thermodynamics. Electricity. Magnetism

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2. Physics 1 Mechacnics Molecular physics and Thermodynamics Electricity Magnetism
3. Lecture 1 SUBJECTS: Mechanics Kinematics Rectilinear motion Projectile motion Uniform circular motion
4. Mechanics Mechanics is the science of motion and its cause. Kinematics is the mathematical description of
5. Main terms of Kinematics Displacement is the change in the position of an object. one-dimensional: ∆x=
6. Average acceleration is the total change in velocity per unit of time: Instantaneous acceleration is the
7. Displacement at constant acceleration in rectilinear motion : Where r0 and V0 is initial displacement and
8. Rectilinear motion in graphics A) Object stands still. B) Object moves with constant speed.
9. Another example of rectilinear motion
10. The car motion in table
14. Velocity and acceleration
16. Projectile motion is a gravitational motion but the object has no its own acceleration. So the
17. Then one should determine the elevation angle Θ0 - the initial angle to horizon. So the
19. R =V02Sin(2Θ0)/g
20. Circular uniform motion Uniform circular motion is performed with constant speed along a circular path. Circular
22. Units in SI Displacement x,y m Velocity V m/s Acceleration a,g m/s2 Angle φ rad Angular
24. Скачать презентацию

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Physics 1
Mechacnics
Molecular physics and Thermodynamics
Electricity
Magnetism

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Lecture 1
SUBJECTS:
Mechanics
Kinematics
Rectilinear motion
Projectile motion
Uniform circular motion

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Mechanics
Mechanics is the science of motion and its cause.
Kinematics is the

mathematical description of motion.

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Main terms of Kinematics
Displacement is the change in the position of

an object.
one-dimensional: ∆x= x2 - x1
many-dimensional:
Average velocity is the distance traveled per unit of time:
Instantaneous velocity is the velocity at infinitely small interval:
or the same

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Average acceleration is the total change in velocity per unit of

time:
Instantaneous acceleration is the change in velocity per unit of time at infinitely small time:
Gravitational motion is the motion when gravitational acceleration g=9.8 m/s2 takes part. For example: rocket motion.

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Displacement at constant acceleration in rectilinear motion :
Where r0 and V0

is initial displacement and velocity at t=0, a is constant acceleration.

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Rectilinear motion in graphics
A) Object stands still.
B) Object moves with constant

speed.

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Another example of rectilinear motion

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The car motion in table

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Velocity and acceleration

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Projectile motion is a gravitational motion but the object has no

its own acceleration. So the motion goes with constant gravitational acceleration. For example: cannonball motion.
Usual method for solving projectile motion problems:
Separate the motion into two parts: vertical and horizontal: so we have:
two coordinates x and y
two velocities Vx and Vy
one acceleration ay =-g, and ax=0

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Then one should determine the elevation angle Θ0 - the initial

angle to horizon.
So the trajectory of an object in the gravitational field can be described as following:
x= V0CosΘ0 t,
y= V0SinΘ0 t – gt2/2.
Let’s designate R as the range the object travels from zero height (y=0) till its fall (y=0 again) then we can calculate it as
R=V02Sin(2Θ0)/g.
Flight time t: it’s easy (using the equation dy/dt = 0) to find that the time of ascent is V0SinΘ0/g, then the full flight time is double:
tflight= 2V0SinΘ0/g.
Using the flight time one can find:
the maximal height,
the range of flight (the maximum range of flight from zero height (y=0) till the fall of the object (y=0 again)).

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R =V02Sin(2Θ0)/g

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Circular uniform motion
Uniform circular motion is performed with constant speed along

a circular path. Circular motion is a special case of motion on a plane. Its coordinates is angular coordinate φ and radius r. The angular speed ω is defined as:
The linear speed relates to the angular speed as:
Period T is the time of one full revolution:
T= 2π/ω.

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