Global water economy complex

and management of complex use, water management, protection of waters from pollution and depletion, their transportation to the place of destination (consumer).

environmental activities. Virtually all of these human uses require fresh water.

The worlds is supplied by
clean and fresh water and it is
decreasing. Water is one of our
most critical resources, but
around the world it is under
threat.

Water demand already
exceeds supply in many
parts of the world and as
the world population
continues to rise, so too
does the water demand.

: the surface-water resources and the ground-water resources. Each of these categories is a part of the earth's water circulatory system, called the hydrologic cycle, and is derived from precipitation, which is rainfall plus snow.

is distributed.
Here also you could see that the total volume in the hydrosphere of water is 1.386 km2 (100%)

for drinking would be less than a teaspoon

Sustainable freshwater supply for human use = 0.01%

Recommended activity - A drop of water

Salt Water = 97.5%

Stress

By 2025

2 / 3 of the world’s population estimated to be underwater-stress conditions.
3 billion people may be affected by water scarcity.

Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/21.htm#21b

lake or fresh water wetland. Surface water is naturally replenished by precipitation and naturally lost through discharge to the oceans, evaporation, and sub-surface seepage.

pore space of soil and rocks. It is also water that is flowing within aquifers below the water table.

Desalination:
Desalination is an artificial process by which saline water (generally sea water) is converted to fresh water.

as a water source, however to date this has only been done for novelty purposes. Glacier runoff is considered to be surface water.

Under River flow

with water
Watering the plants
Putting out the fire
Give water for the cows
Watering the grass
Washing the car

Washing the teeth
Drinking water
Take a shower
Going to the bathroom
Walk in the pool for recovering health

Go to the pool.
Go to the beach.
Walk in the pool for recovering health.
Skiing in the mountains.
Fish in the lakes.
Play with a ball in the river.
Surfeit in the ocean.

Picture:

Picture:

Picture:

Divide

but there are more people wanting to use this water

1940

World population doubled ( increased by 3 bn )

Freshwater use increased more than 4 times

1995

Population and water Resources

There is just not enough water!!!!

2050

Estimated population increase = 2.7 bn

FOR WATER STRESS

Water evaporation
from reservoirs of large
hydro power projects

Domestic

Extensive farming.
High usage of water

Industry

Increase in Population

Water stress!!!!

Power

Agriculture

People require
food to eat

Increased demand
for goods

bathing, flushing, washing,
cooking, drinking…

By Sector

Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/15.htm, accessed November 2008

water use is for irrigation, with 15-35% of irrigation withdrawals being unsustainable. Aquaculture is a small but growing agricultural use of water.

Industrial: It is estimated that 15% of worldwide water use is industrial. The distribution of industrial water usage that is varies widely, but as a whole is lower than agricultural use.

This is the process of irrigation

water to grow food for its population

Agriculture

Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/15.htm

for household purposes. These include drinking water, bathing, cooking, sanitation, and gardening.

Recreational water: use is usually a very small but growing percentage of total water use. Recreational water use is mostly tied to reservoirs.

Environmental: Explicit environmental water use is also a very small but growing percentage of total water use.

not just increased consumption…

For more details refer to the presentation on ‘Water pollution’.

Increasing pollution of freshwater sources
( surface and groundwater )

Untreated
industrial
wastes