Training course

Август 23, 2022

Содержание

2. Warning of Confidentiality The data and information, in its totality or partial expression, contained in this
3. Signature Sheet
4. Changes Record
5. Acronyms
6. Acronyms
7. Index
8. Index
9. 1 Introduction
10. Introduction Functions: RF signal amplification (from 15 dBm to 73 dBm): 58 dB gain. Transmits signal
11. Introduction Structure: Solid state amplifiers (10 units). Redundant preamplifier. Low losses splitter and combiner. Class-C output
12. Introduction Front view.
13. Introduction Back view.
14. Introduction Failure LEDs on the door: Power input: Ф1, Ф2, Ф3. Three phases, yellow colour. Soft
15. 2 Signal Path Amplification Chain Soft Failure Operation Functional Description
16. Signal Path RF input signal selection: TXGU 1 or TXGU 2 output. Signal division in two
17. Signal Path First test point to System Stability Monitor: TXG input. Second test point to System
18. Signal Path
19. Amplification Chain Soft Failure until 20% transistors had failed. Peak Power 22 kW. Dual Redundant Pre-Amplifiers.
20. Fail-Soft Operation Several transistors of the transmitter can fail without degrading radar performance significantly. The system
21. Fail-Soft Operation This power reduction carries on a coverage reduction until 60 NM as minimum.
22. 3 LRU List and Interfaces LRU List Power Distribution Interfaces
23. LRU List Transmitter Control Unit, TXCU (2). Power Amplifier, PA (10). Power Preamplifier, PRPA (2). Multivoltage
24. Power Distribution
25. Interfaces Digital
26. Interfaces Coaxial
27. 4 Subgroup Physical Description General Diagram General Description Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU) Preamplifier Panels (PRPA) Power
28. General Description Transmitter subsystems: RF amplification chain: amplifies the signal. It consists of two preamplifiers (redundant)
29. General Description Transmitter subsystems: Power supply assembly: consists of two groups, MVPSs and BPSs. One supplies
30. Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU) Redundant Unit. Automatic switching if failure. It can be switched manually from
31. Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU) Monitors and controls the transmitter operation: Acts as an interface between the
32. Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU) Monitors and controls the transmitter operation: If a critical failure occurs, TXCU
33. Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
34. Preamplifier Panels (PRPA) Redundant element. Automatic switching in case of failure. Manually switching is also allowed.
35. Preamplifier Panels (PRPA) Amplification stages: consists of insulators to ensure stability and facilitate adjustment. Low-level amplifier
36. Power Amplifiers (PA) Redundant element. “Soft-Fail” N+2 Redundancy. 10 Amplifier Panels. Each panel receives a 41.8
37. Power Amplifiers (PA) Splitter 1:4: Divides signal to distribute it into four amplifier modules. Amplifier modules:
38. Power Amplifiers (PA) Capacitor Bank: 5 parallel capacitors operate as voltage supply filter. Acts as energy
39. Splitter/Combiner Assembly Back side of the transmitter rack. Stripline, low loss technology. Panels are connected directly
40. Blowers Assembly Redundant Unit. N+1 redundancy, it can operate with 2 out of 3 blowers. The
41. Power Supply Redundant units. N+1 redundancy. Two groups: MVPS y BPS. MVPS: Multi Voltage Power Supplies.
42. Auxiliary Elements Harmonic filter: harmonic level attenuation. Directional output coupler: provides samples of forward and reverse
43. Auxiliary Elements Takes samples to Radar Stability Monitor: Samples can be taken at 3 points, using
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Слайд 2

Warning of Confidentiality
The data and information, in its totality or partial

expression, contained in this document are property of Indra Sistemas, S.A. This data and information cannot be disclosed totally or partially to third parties. The copy, reproduction, public communication, dissemination, total or partial distribution, modification or assignment will require the prior written authorization of Indra Sistemas, S.A. Its content cannot be used for different purposes to those for which it is provided, its use being limited to the execution of the Program it is supplied for.

Слайд 3

Signature Sheet

Слайд 4

Changes Record

Слайд 5

Acronyms

Слайд 6

Acronyms

Слайд 7

Index

Слайд 8

Index

Слайд 9

1
Introduction

Слайд 10

Introduction
Functions:
RF signal amplification (from 15 dBm to 73 dBm): 58 dB

gain.
Transmits signal samples to analyze.
Stability.
VSWR (Antenna and Transmitter)
Power level.
Emission spectra according to ITU.
Redundant elements.
N+2 Redundancy in case of PAs.
Selectable input signal (EPG1 or EPG2 in GRPG).

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Introduction
Structure:
Solid state amplifiers (10 units).
Redundant preamplifier.
Low losses splitter and combiner.
Class-C output

amplifier. 4 modules of 4 transistors each (total of 16 transistors in each PA).
N+2 redundancy: The system can work with 8 PAs, but it does not mean the operation requirements are met.
N+1 redundancy air cooling system and power supplies.
Test transmitted signal point.
Redundant control and monitoring board.
Fail-soft operation.

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Introduction
Front view.

Слайд 13

Introduction
Back view.

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Introduction
Failure LEDs on the door:
Power input: Ф1, Ф2, Ф3. Three phases,

yellow colour.
Soft Failure: Unit Failure. Orange colour.
Hard Failure: Interlock or Blower fault. Red colour.
Lamp Test: Green button.
Inhibit transmission manually: Red button.

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2
Signal Path
Amplification Chain
Soft Failure Operation
Functional Description

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Signal Path
RF input signal selection: TXGU 1 or TXGU 2 output.
Signal

division in two equal parts to PRPAs.
Amplification in both PRPAs.
Active PRPA selection. The signal from stand-by PRPA is sent to a RF short-circuit.
Division of active PRPA signal into 10 equal parts to PAs.
Amplification in all PAs.
Addition of the 10 PAs output signals.
Signal output from TXG to harmonic filter and antenna.

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Signal Path
First test point to System Stability Monitor: TXG input.
Second test

point to System Stability Monitor: PRPAs output.
Third test point to System Stability Monitor: TXG output.

The samples are taken with directional couplers and sent to a 3PST switch.
The transmitter reverse signal and the antenna reverse signal are also monitored.

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Signal Path

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Amplification Chain
Soft Failure until 20% transistors had failed.
Peak Power 22 kW.
Dual

Redundant Pre-Amplifiers.
Hot Pluggable and Removable.
Automatic Switching in case of failure

10 Power Amplifiers.
Hot Pluggable and Removable (switching off power supply from CMS).
Total of 16 Transistors in each PA.

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Fail-Soft Operation
Several transistors of the transmitter can fail without degrading radar

performance significantly.
The system is able to operate in soft failure mode until 32 out of 160 transistors are broken.

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Fail-Soft Operation
This power reduction carries on a coverage reduction until 60

NM as minimum.

Слайд 22

3
LRU List and Interfaces
LRU List
Power Distribution
Interfaces

Слайд 23

LRU List
Transmitter Control Unit, TXCU (2).
Power Amplifier, PA (10).
Power Preamplifier, PRPA

(2).
Multivoltage Power Supply, MVPS (2).
Bulk Power Supply, BPS (4).
Blowers (3).

Слайд 24

Power Distribution

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Interfaces
Digital

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Interfaces
Coaxial

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4
Subgroup Physical Description
General Diagram
General Description
Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)
Power Amplifiers

(PA)
Splitter/Combiner Assembly
Blower Assembly
Power Supply
Auxiliary Elements

Слайд 28

General Description
Transmitter subsystems:
RF amplification chain: amplifies the signal. It consists of

two preamplifiers (redundant) and 10 RF amplifier panels.

Splitters/combiner assembly: first splitter divides the input signal into two equal parts towards PRPAs, and second splitter into 10 parts towards PAs. Finally, the ten outputs are combined to supply the whole power to the antenna.

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General Description
Transmitter subsystems:
Power supply assembly: consists of two groups, MVPSs and

BPSs. One supplies power to transistors (BPSs), and the other supplies power to the Transmitter Control Circuit and other auxiliary parts (MVPSs).
Auxiliary elements assembly: switching elements, directional coupler, RF detectors, harmonic filter and RF sample selector.
Transmitter Control Circuit: monitors and controls TXG operation, collects BITE and Tx monitoring signals and sends them to the Control and Monitoring System (SLG).
Transmitter cooling system: enables compliance with the transmitter requirements under all specified conditions of temperature and altitude (forced air).

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Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Redundant Unit. Automatic switching if failure. It can

be switched manually from CMS.
Monitors and controls the transmitter operation.

Слайд 31

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Monitors and controls the transmitter operation:
Acts as an

interface between the control group of the system in EPG and the Transmitter, and between the CPC/SLG and Transmitter.
Executes commands received from CPC/SLG or processor data.
Collects BITE signals in order to report:
PAs and PRPAs failures.
Power supplies and blowers failures.
Autotest.
Temperature, pulse width, VSWR, output power.
Controls synchronism (short pulse, long pulse, blanking) and Transmission time.

Слайд 32

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Monitors and controls the transmitter operation:
If a critical

failure occurs, TXCU detects and reports it, then activates an interlock if required (inhibits transmission):
Antenna safety switch.
Deactivation of radiation from the transmitter front panel.
Two out of three blowers failure.
Over-voltage in 40V power supplies, or two out of four power supplies failures.
Less than 8 PAs operating correctly.
Communication Ethernet with the data processor failure.
Operative preamplifier and transfer switch position do not match up.
System clock failure.
Select RF signal generation from EPG 1 or EPG 2.
Select the active preamplifier.

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Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)

Слайд 34

Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)
Redundant element. Automatic switching in case of failure. Manually

switching is also allowed.
First element in RF transmitter chain. Amplifies the signal from the TXGU output into the appropriate level to excite the next amplification stage.
Controls that the amplified signal does not exceed pulse-width restrictions or duty cycle. In addition, it avoids these failures to propagate and damage subsequent devices.

Слайд 35

Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)
Amplification stages: consists of insulators to ensure stability and

facilitate adjustment.
Low-level amplifier chain: the input signal will be about 12 dBm and it shall be amplified to 36 dBm (4 W) required at the amplifier module input, carried on in two stages.
Amplifier module: transmitter basic amplification unit, made up of 3 cascaded amplification stages. Provides a minimum output signal of 57.7 dBm (600 w) (PRPA Output).
Control board and regulators:
Control and BITE: enable/disable PRPA, synchronization, duty cycle and pulse width protection, enable/disable regulator loads and BITE reporting to TXCU.
Regulators: adjust amplifier supply, control gain and output power.

Слайд 36

Power Amplifiers (PA)
Redundant element. “Soft-Fail” N+2 Redundancy.
10 Amplifier Panels.
Each panel receives

a 41.8 dBm signal (15 W) from splitter (1:10) and amplifies it to 63 dBm (2000 W). Its output signal is sent to the combiner (10:1).

Elements in each PA:
Splitter 1:4.
4 amplifier modules.
16:1 Combiner.
Control Board and Panel regulator.
Capacitor bank.
Three-position Switch.

Слайд 37

Power Amplifiers (PA)
Splitter 1:4: Divides signal to distribute it into four

amplifier modules.
Amplifier modules: same as PRPA’s.
Combiner 16:1: adds the outputs of the 16 Transistors (4 each PAM).
Control Board and Panel Regulator: performs the following functions:
Communication with TXCU: receives control orders and sends BITE reports.
Controls the PIN diodes for shaping the transmitted pulses.
Receives BITE from the modules.
Regulates 40 V power into 36 V and supplies modules.

Слайд 38

Power Amplifiers (PA)
Capacitor Bank:
5 parallel capacitors operate as voltage supply filter.

Acts as energy store in order to allow fast loading of Capacitors Bank incorporated in each RF amplifier modules. Capacitor Bank is made of 6 capacitors in parallel, which are loaded with the voltage of direct current Bus from the power supplies, being a filter for this voltage. This capacitor bank is a power storage to get the capacitor bank of each PA loaded between transmissions.
Three-Position Switch:
Prevents against stored energy in the capacitors bank. Allows extraction or insertion of the PA in the transmitter (“hot-repair”) without high transient.

Слайд 39

Splitter/Combiner Assembly
Back side of the transmitter rack.
Stripline, low loss technology.
Panels are

connected directly to this element without connectors (less losses).
At the Combiner 10:1 output, there is a stripline to waveguide transition to connect the signal with the MWG.

Made up of:
Splitter 1:2: divides the signal from the TXGU towards both PRPAs.
Splitter 1:10: divides the signal from the PRPA in 10 equal signals towards PAs.
Combiner 10:1: adds the outputs of the 10 PAs and sends it to the MWG.

Слайд 40

Blowers Assembly
Redundant Unit. N+1 redundancy, it can operate with 2 out

of 3 blowers.
The TXG cooling operates using forced air.
The air flow is distributed from the bottom of PRPAs and PAs, passing through the four air inlet channels of each one, cooling the RF amplifier modules heat sinks.
If a 1 out of 3 blowers failure is detected, an alarm is reported, but the TXG continues operation without any interruption.
If a failure in 2 out of 3 blowers is detected, an inhibiting transmission interlock will be enabled.
Air input and output are performed through EMI and dust filters.

Слайд 41

Power Supply
Redundant units. N+1 redundancy.
Two groups: MVPS y BPS.
MVPS: Multi Voltage

Power Supplies.
Supplies +5V, +15V, -15V, -50V to PAs and PRPAs.
N+1 Redundancy ? On-Line Repair Capacity.
AC OK, DC OK LEDs; PWR ON/OFF and ENABLE ON/OFF switches.
BPS: Bulk Power Supplies.
Supplies +40 V to PAs and PRPAs.
N+1 Redundancy ? On-Line Repair Capacity.
AC OK, DC Output OK Indicators; ON/OFF switch.
Overheating, over-current and over-voltage protection.

Слайд 42

Auxiliary Elements
Harmonic filter: harmonic level attenuation.
Directional output coupler: provides samples

of forward and reverse transmitted signal.
Pulse width measurement.
Peak power.
VSWR of the load of transmitter.
Transfer switch and manual attenuator: selects active preamplifier and adjusts excitation power of PAs.
Signal generator switch: selects active TXGU output.

Слайд 43

Auxiliary Elements
Takes samples to Radar Stability Monitor: Samples can be taken

at 3 points, using Directional Couplers.
The samples are sent to a 3PST switch, controlled by the TXCU.
The switch selects one of the three signals in order to be sent to the system stability monitor.
TXG input.
PA modules input.
TXG output.

Training course

Содержание

Warning of ConfidentialityThe data and information, in its totality or partial

Signature Sheet

Changes Record

Acronyms

Acronyms

Index

Index

1Introduction

IntroductionFunctions:RF signal amplification (from 15 dBm to 73 dBm): 58 dB

IntroductionStructure:Solid state amplifiers (10 units).Redundant preamplifier.Low losses splitter and combiner.Class-C output

IntroductionFront view.

IntroductionBack view.

IntroductionFailure LEDs on the door:Power input: Ф1, Ф2, Ф3. Three phases,

2Signal Path Amplification ChainSoft Failure OperationFunctional Description

Signal PathRF input signal selection: TXGU 1 or TXGU 2 output.Signal

Signal PathFirst test point to System Stability Monitor: TXG input.Second test

Signal Path

Amplification ChainSoft Failure until 20% transistors had failed.Peak Power 22 kW.Dual

Fail-Soft OperationSeveral transistors of the transmitter can fail without degrading radar

Fail-Soft OperationThis power reduction carries on a coverage reduction until 60

3LRU List and InterfacesLRU ListPower DistributionInterfaces

LRU ListTransmitter Control Unit, TXCU (2).Power Amplifier, PA (10).Power Preamplifier, PRPA

Power Distribution

InterfacesDigital

InterfacesCoaxial

4Subgroup Physical DescriptionGeneral DiagramGeneral DescriptionTransmitter Control Unit (TXCU)Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)Power Amplifiers

General DescriptionTransmitter subsystems:RF amplification chain: amplifies the signal. It consists of

General DescriptionTransmitter subsystems:Power supply assembly: consists of two groups, MVPSs and

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)Redundant Unit. Automatic switching if failure. It can

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)Monitors and controls the transmitter operation:Acts as an

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)Monitors and controls the transmitter operation:If a critical

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)

Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)Redundant element. Automatic switching in case of failure. Manually

Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)Amplification stages: consists of insulators to ensure stability and

Power Amplifiers (PA)Redundant element. “Soft-Fail” N+2 Redundancy.10 Amplifier Panels.Each panel receives

Power Amplifiers (PA)Splitter 1:4: Divides signal to distribute it into four

Power Amplifiers (PA)Capacitor Bank:5 parallel capacitors operate as voltage supply filter.

Splitter/Combiner AssemblyBack side of the transmitter rack.Stripline, low loss technology.Panels are

Blowers AssemblyRedundant Unit. N+1 redundancy, it can operate with 2 out

Power SupplyRedundant units. N+1 redundancy.Two groups: MVPS y BPS.MVPS: Multi Voltage

Auxiliary ElementsHarmonic filter: harmonic level attenuation. Directional output coupler: provides samples

Auxiliary ElementsTakes samples to Radar Stability Monitor: Samples can be taken

Похожие презентации

Warning of Confidentiality
The data and information, in its totality or partial

1
Introduction

Introduction
Functions:
RF signal amplification (from 15 dBm to 73 dBm): 58 dB

Introduction
Structure:
Solid state amplifiers (10 units).
Redundant preamplifier.
Low losses splitter and combiner.
Class-C output

Introduction
Front view.

Introduction
Back view.

Introduction
Failure LEDs on the door:
Power input: Ф1, Ф2, Ф3. Three phases,

2
Signal Path
Amplification Chain
Soft Failure Operation
Functional Description

Signal Path
RF input signal selection: TXGU 1 or TXGU 2 output.
Signal

Signal Path
First test point to System Stability Monitor: TXG input.
Second test

Amplification Chain
Soft Failure until 20% transistors had failed.
Peak Power 22 kW.
Dual

Fail-Soft Operation
Several transistors of the transmitter can fail without degrading radar

Fail-Soft Operation
This power reduction carries on a coverage reduction until 60

3
LRU List and Interfaces
LRU List
Power Distribution
Interfaces

LRU List
Transmitter Control Unit, TXCU (2).
Power Amplifier, PA (10).
Power Preamplifier, PRPA

Interfaces
Digital

Interfaces
Coaxial

4
Subgroup Physical Description
General Diagram
General Description
Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)
Power Amplifiers

General Description
Transmitter subsystems:
RF amplification chain: amplifies the signal. It consists of

General Description
Transmitter subsystems:
Power supply assembly: consists of two groups, MVPSs and

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Redundant Unit. Automatic switching if failure. It can

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Monitors and controls the transmitter operation:
Acts as an

Transmitter Control Unit (TXCU)
Monitors and controls the transmitter operation:
If a critical

Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)
Redundant element. Automatic switching in case of failure. Manually

Preamplifier Panels (PRPA)
Amplification stages: consists of insulators to ensure stability and

Power Amplifiers (PA)
Redundant element. “Soft-Fail” N+2 Redundancy.
10 Amplifier Panels.
Each panel receives

Power Amplifiers (PA)
Splitter 1:4: Divides signal to distribute it into four

Power Amplifiers (PA)
Capacitor Bank:
5 parallel capacitors operate as voltage supply filter.

Splitter/Combiner Assembly
Back side of the transmitter rack.
Stripline, low loss technology.
Panels are

Blowers Assembly
Redundant Unit. N+1 redundancy, it can operate with 2 out

Power Supply
Redundant units. N+1 redundancy.
Two groups: MVPS y BPS.
MVPS: Multi Voltage

Auxiliary Elements
Harmonic filter: harmonic level attenuation.
Directional output coupler: provides samples

Auxiliary Elements
Takes samples to Radar Stability Monitor: Samples can be taken