Child Abuse

Июль 22, 2022

Содержание

2. Introduction
3. Definition Child abuse is a sick and ugly emotional aspect of the family dysfunction in the
4. Child abused
5. The four major types of child abuse are: • Physical abuse • Sexual abuse • Emotional
6. Physical child abuse result of: • Beating, slapping, or hitting • Pushing, shaking, kicking, or throwing
7. Sexual abuse of a child is identification of possible child abuse always consider child abuse in
8. . Sexual child abusers can be: • Fathers, mothers, siblings, or other relatives • Childcare professionals
9. Emotional child abuse is any attitude, behavior, or failure to act that interferes with a child’s
10. Types of Physical Child Abuse Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) • Shaking a baby to try to
11. • Poor sucking or swallowing • Difficulty in breathing • Seizures. • Head or forehead appears
12. Battered Child Syndrome A type of physical abuse reported by Henry Kempe in 1960 characterized by;
13. • Separated sutures • Evidence of unexplained abdominal injury • At times even unexplained unconsciousness in
14. • Von Willebrand’s disease. Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
15. Signs that may indicate Munchausen syndrome by proxy: • A child who has one or more
16. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) It is any sudden and unexplained death of an apparently healthy
17. Sexual Abuse Identification of possible child abuse always consider child abuse in traumatic injuries to the
18. Emotional Abuse Emotional child abuse is another person’s attitude, behavior to failure to act that interferes
19. Neglect Types of Neglect Physical neglect: Is not providing for a child’s physical needs, which are:
20. are four primary factors which contribute to child abuse: • Parent factors • Sociocultural factors •
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Introduction

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Definition
Child abuse is a sick and ugly emotional aspect of

the family dysfunction in the society

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Child abused

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The four major types of child abuse are:
• Physical abuse
• Sexual

abuse
• Emotional abuse
• Neglect

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Physical child abuse result of:
• Beating, slapping, or hitting
• Pushing, shaking,

kicking, or throwing
• Pinching, biting, choking, or hair-pulling
• Burning with cigarettes, scalding water, or other
hot objects
• Severe physical punishment

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Sexual abuse of a child is identification of possible child abuse

always consider child abuse in traumatic injuries to the head and neck as 50% of the abused children had head and neck injuries

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.
Sexual child abusers can be:
• Fathers, mothers, siblings, or other relatives
•

Childcare professionals or babysitters
• Clergy, teachers
• Foster parents or host families of foreign
exchange students
• Strangers.

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Emotional child abuse is any attitude, behavior, or
failure to act that

interferes with a child’s mental health or social development. It can range from a simple verbal insult to an extreme form of punishment.
effects than either physical abuse or sexual abuse
Other names for emotional abuse are:
Verbal abuse
Mental abuse
psychological abuse.

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Types of Physical Child Abuse
Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS)
• Shaking a baby

to try to stop inconsolable crying.
Signs and symptoms.
Common symptoms are:
• Lethargy/decreased muscle tone
• Extreme irritability
• Decreased appetite,
.poor feeding or vomiting for no apparent reason

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• Poor sucking or swallowing
• Difficulty in breathing
• Seizures.
• Head or

forehead appears larger
• Inability to life head
• Inability to eyes to focus

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Battered Child Syndrome
A type of physical abuse reported by Henry Kempe

in 1960 characterized by;
• Multiple asymmetrical fractures at different stages of healing.
• Subdural hematoma
• Bruise marks shaped like hands, fingers or objects, or unexplained bruises in areas where normal childhood activities would not usually result in bruising

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• Separated sutures
• Evidence of unexplained abdominal injury
• At times even

unexplained unconsciousness in infant.
• Evidence of fractures at the tip of long bones on spiral type fractures that result from twisting
• Fractured ribs, especially in the back.
Investigations:
• Radiographs, MRI or CT-Scan
• Osteogenesis imperfecta
• Hemophilia

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• Von Willebrand’s disease. Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy

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Signs that may indicate Munchausen syndrome by proxy:
• A child who

has one or more medical problems that do not respond to treatment
• Insignificant physical/laboratory findings that do not correlate with clinical feature.
• A highly attentive parent who is reluctant to leave their child’s side and who themselves seems to require constant attention.
• A parent, who appears to be medically knowledgeable and/or fascinated with medical details and hospital gossip, appears to enjoy hospital environment.
• The signs and symptoms of a child’s illness do not occur in the parent’s absence.

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Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
It is any sudden and unexplained death

of an apparently healthy infant aged one-month to one year. The term cot death is often used in United Kingdom, and crib death in North America.
SIDS can be due to any reason but child abuse can be a reason.

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Sexual Abuse
Identification of possible child abuse always consider child abuse

in traumatic injuries to the head and neck, 50% of the abused children had head and neck injuries . This includes:
– Fondling
– Violations of bodily privacy
– Child pornography
– Exposing children to pornography
– Luring a child for sexual liaisons
– Sexual exploitation
– Exhibitionism
– Sexual intercourse with a child
– Trauma to mouth because of oral sex.

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Emotional Abuse
Emotional child abuse is another person’s attitude, behavior to failure

to act that interferes with a child’s mental health or social development. Emotional abuse has more long lasting negative psychiatric effects than either physical or sexual abuse. Emotional abuse can range from a simple verbal insult to an extreme form of punishment
• Ignoring, withdrawal of attention, rejection
• Lack of physical affection
• Lack of positive re-inforcement
• Threats
• Habitual blaming
• Degradation, etc.

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Neglect
Types of Neglect
Physical neglect: Is not providing for a child’s physical

needs, which are:
• Food
• Clothing appropriate for weather
• Supervision
• A home that is hygienic and safe.
Educational neglect: Failure to provide proper education rightful to the age of the child.
Emotional/psychological neglect: Not providing emotional support and love which is affection, attending to the child’s emotional needs, psychological care as needed.
Medical neglect: Failing to provide needed basic medical attention to child’s health care. It also includes “Dental neglect”:
1- Dental caries, periodontal diseases and other oral conditions.
2– Dental neglect.

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