Европейская интеграция и Европейский Союз (ЕС)

Июль 26, 2022

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Европейская интеграция и Европейский Союз (ЕС)

Содержание

2. The European Union: 500 million people – 28 countries Member States of the European Union Candidate
3. 24 official languages Български Čeština dansk Deutsch eesti keel Ελληνικά English español français Gaeilge hrvatski Italiano
4. The EU symbols The European flag The European anthem The euro Europe Day, 9 May The
5. Konrad Adenauer Robert Schuman Winston Churchill Alcide De Gasperi Jean Monnet New ideas for lasting peace
6. Этапы европейской интеграции 9 мая 1950г. - Декларация Шумана Баланс политических, экономических и социальных мотивов Политическое
7. Этапы европейской интеграции План Шумана и ЕОУС Институты Август 1952г. – начало работы Высшего руководящего органа
8. «Каждый человек накапливает свой опыт самостоятельно с самого начала. Одни лишь институты становятся мудрее: они накапливают
9. Европейский Союз 9 мая 1950г. - Декларация Шумана 1951г. - Европейское объединение угля и стали (ЕОУС)
10. Европейский Союз Европейские сообщества - этапы интеграции 1. Зона свободной торговли (1957-1968) отмена таможенных пошлин, квот
11. Европейский Союз Европейские сообщества - этапы интеграции 4. Экономический и валютный союз (1992–2002) введение единой валютной
12. Европейский Союз 1997г. Амстердамский договор 2001г. Ниццкий договор 2004г. Европейский конституционный договор (Европейская конституция) 2005г. -
13. The treaties – basis for democratic cooperation built on law The European Coal and Steel Community
14. The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights Binding for all the EU's activities 54 articles under 6
15. Enlargement: from six to 28 countries
16. Европейский Союз Расширения ЕС. ЕС сегодня - это 28 стран-членов Страны-учредители: Франция, ФРГ, Бельгия, Нидерланды, Люксембург,
17. The big enlargement: uniting east and west Fall of Berlin Wall – end of Communism EU
18. Candidate countries and potential candidates
19. EU surface area compared to the rest of the world Surface area (x 1000 km²)
20. EU population compared to the rest of the world Population in millions (2015)
21. How many people live in the EU? Population in millions (2015) 508 million in total
22. How rich is the EU compared to the rest of the world? Size of economy: GDP
23. GDP per inhabitant: the spread of wealth GDP per inhabitant (2014) Index where the average of
24. Solidarity in practice: the EU cohesion policy Regional fund Social fund Cohesion fund Less-developed regions: GDP
25. The single market: freedom of choice (since 1993) The single market has led to: significant reductions
26. The euro – a single currency for Europeans EU countries using the euro EU countries not
27. Free to move ‘Schengen’ No police or customs checks at borders between most EU countries Controls
28. An area of freedom, security and justice EU Charter of Fundamental Rights Joint fight against terrorism
29. Energy sources in a changing world Fuel used in the EU in 2013 Share of fuel
30. Research - investing in the knowledge society Spending on research and development in 2012 (% of
31. Going abroad to learn Erasmus+ Every year, more than 400 000 young people study or pursue
32. The EU is the biggest provider of development aid in the world The EU provides over
33. Three key players The European Parliament - voice of the people Martin Schulz, President of the
34. The EU institutions European Parliament Court of Justice Court of Auditors Economic and Social Committee Committee
35. How EU laws are made Citizens, interest groups, experts: discuss, consult Commission: makes formal proposal Parliament
36. The European Parliament – voice of the people Number of members elected in each country Decides
37. The European political parties Number of seats in the European Parliament per political group (July 2015)
38. Council of Ministers – voice of the Member States One minister from each EU country Presidency:
39. Council of Ministers – how they vote Most decisions in the Council are taken by ‘double
40. Summit at the European Council Held at least 4 times a year Sets the overall guidelines
41. A high representative for foreign affairs and security Double role: chairs meetings of the Foreign Affairs
42. The European Commission – promoting the common interest 28 independent members, one from each EU country
43. The Court of Justice – upholding the law 28 independent judges, one from each EU country
44. The European Ombudsman Emily O’Reilly The European Ombudsman Investigates complaints about poor or failed administration by
46. Скачать презентацию

Слайд 2

The European Union: 500 million people – 28 countries
Member States of

the European Union

Candidate countries and potential candidates

Слайд 3

24 official languages
Български
Čeština
dansk
Deutsch
eesti keel
Ελληνικά
English
español
français
Gaeilge
hrvatski
Italiano
latviešu valoda
lietuvių kalba
magyar
Malti
Nederlands
polski
português
Română
slovenčina
slovenščina
suomi
svenska

Слайд 4

The EU symbols
The European flag
The European anthem
The euro
Europe Day, 9 May
The

motto:
United in diversity

Слайд 5

Konrad Adenauer
Robert Schuman
Winston Churchill
Alcide De Gasperi
Jean Monnet
New ideas for lasting peace

and prosperity…

Founders

Слайд 6

Этапы европейской интеграции
9 мая 1950г. - Декларация Шумана
Баланс политических, экономических и

социальных мотивов
Политическое спонсорство США в деле улучшения отношений между Францией и Западной Германией
18 апреля 1951г. – Парижский договор и создание Европейского объединения угля и стали (ЕОУС)
Франция, ФРГ, Бельгия, Нидерланды, Люксембург, Италия
Наднациональность
Правосубъектность сообщества
Договор заключен на 50 лет. Срок действия истек в 2002г. После 2002г. функции ЕОУС перешли к ЕЭС
Отраслевая цель – создание общего рынка угля и стали (создан в 1953г.)

Слайд 7

Этапы европейской интеграции
План Шумана и ЕОУС
Институты
Август 1952г. – начало работы Высшего

руководящего органа
Право инициативы
Совет министров
Отказ от принципа единогласия
Суд
Парламентская Ассамблея
Принципы
Превосходство институтов
Независимость органов Сообщества
Межинституциональное сотрудничество в рамках единой системы принятия решений
Равенство государств

Слайд 8

«Каждый человек накапливает свой опыт самостоятельно с самого начала. Одни лишь

институты становятся мудрее: они накапливают коллективный опыт. Благодаря этому опыту и этой мудрости люди, действующие в рамках одних и тех же правил, не увидят изменений в их собственной натуре, но вместе с тем их поведение будет постепенно меняться»
Жан Монне

Слайд 9

Европейский Союз
9 мая 1950г. - Декларация Шумана
1951г. - Европейское объединение угля

и стали (ЕОУС)
Франция, ФРГ, Бельгия, Нидерланды, Люксембург, Италия
Наднациональность
Планы создания Европейского оборонительного сообщества (ЕОС) и их провал (1954)
1955г. Конференция в Мессине. Решение сконцентрироваться на экономических вопросах при развитии планов интеграции
1957г. - создание двух новых сообществ
Европейское экономическое сообщество (ЕЭС)
Европейское сообщество по атомной энергии (Евратом)
Центром интеграционных процессов стало ЕЭС
1965г. Договор о слиянии институтов трех Сообществ

Слайд 10

Европейский Союз
Европейские сообщества - этапы интеграции
1. Зона свободной торговли (1957-1968)

отмена таможенных пошлин, квот и других ограничений в торговле между государствами-участниками
сохранении автономии государств в таможенной и торговой политике по отношению к третьим странам
2. Таможенный союз (1968-1987)
введение вместо автономных средств торговой и таможенной политики общего таможенного тарифа и перехода к единой торговой политике в отношении третьих стран
3. Единый внутренний рынок (1987-1992)
свободное движение услуг, капиталов и рабочей силы

Слайд 11

Европейский Союз
Европейские сообщества - этапы интеграции
4. Экономический и валютный союз (1992–2002)

введение единой валютной и денежной политики ЕС с заменой национальных валют единой валютой – Евро
1986г. - Единый европейский акт – план перехода к Единому внутреннему рынку
1993г. Маастрихтский договор
Появление Европейского Союза
Европейский Союз
Первая опора - 3 Сообщества (ЕЭС, Евратом, ЕОУС)
Вторая опора - Общая внешняя политика и политика в области безопасности (ОВППБ)
Третья опора - Сотрудничество в области юстиции и внутренних дел

Слайд 12

Европейский Союз
1997г. Амстердамский договор
2001г. Ниццкий договор
2004г. Европейский конституционный договор (Европейская конституция)
2005г.

- на референдумах во Франции и Нидерландах Европейский конституционный договор отвергнут
2007г. Лиссабонский договор (Договор о реформе)
1 декабря 2009г. - Лиссабонский договор вступил в силу
Упраздение «опорной» конструкции ЕС
Правосубъектность ЕС
Постоянный председатель Европейского Совета (избирается главами государств и правительств стран-членов ЕС на срок в два с половиной года)
Верховный представитель Союза по иностранным делам и политике безопасности
European External Action Service (Европейская служба внешнеполитических действий)

Слайд 13

The treaties – basis for democratic cooperation built on law
The European

Coal and Steel Community

The treaties of Rome:
• The European Economic Community
• The European Atomic Energy Community
(EURATOM)

The European Single Act: the Single Market

Treaty on European Union - Maastricht

Treaty of Amsterdam

1952

1958

1987

1993

1999

2003

Treaty of Nice

2009

Treaty of Lisbon

Слайд 14

The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Binding for all the EU's activities
54

articles under 6 titles:

Freedoms

Equality

Solidarity

Citizens’ rights

Justice

Dignity

Слайд 15

Enlargement: from six to 28 countries

Слайд 16

Европейский Союз
Расширения ЕС. ЕС сегодня - это 28 стран-членов
Страны-учредители: Франция, ФРГ,

Бельгия, Нидерланды, Люксембург, Италия
1973г. - Великобритания, Дания, Ирландия
1981г. - Греция
1986г. - Испания, Португалия
1995г. Швеция, Финляндия, Австрия
2004г. Эстония, Латвия, Литва, Польша, Чехия, Словакия, Венгрия, Словения, Кипр, Мальта
2007г. - Болгария, Румыния
2013г. - Хорватия
На сегодняшний день ЕС рассматривает как кандидатов на вступление Македонию, Черногорию, Сербию, Албанию и Турцию
ЕС также рассматривает как потенциальных кандидатов на вступление Боснию и Косово (частично признанное государство )

Слайд 17

The big enlargement: uniting east and west
Fall of Berlin Wall –

end of Communism
EU economic help begins: Phare programme

Criteria set for a country to join the EU:
• democracy and rule of law
• functioning market economy
• ability to implement EU laws

Formal negotiations on enlargement begin

Copenhagen summit agrees to a big enlargement of 10 new countries

Ten new EU members: Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia

1989

1992

1998

2002

2004

2007

Bulgaria and Romania join the EU

2013

Croatia joins on 1 July

Слайд 18

Candidate countries and potential candidates

Слайд 19

EU surface area compared to the rest of the world
Surface area

(x 1000 km²)

Слайд 20

EU population compared to the rest of the world
Population in millions

(2015)

Слайд 21

How many people live in the EU?
Population in millions (2015)
508

million in total

Слайд 22

How rich is the EU compared to the rest of the

world?

Size of economy:
GDP in trillions of euro (2013)

Wealth per person:
GDP per person (2013)

Слайд 23

GDP per inhabitant: the spread of wealth
GDP per inhabitant (2014)
Index where

the average of the 28 EU countries is 100

Слайд 24

Solidarity in practice: the EU cohesion policy
Regional fund
Social fund
Cohesion fund
Less-developed

regions: GDP per capita under 75 % of the EU average
Transition regions: GDP per capita between 75 % and 90 % of the EU average
More-developed regions: GDP per capita over 90 % of the EU average

2014-2020: € 352 billion invested in infrastructure, business, environment and training of workers for the benefit of poorer regions and citizens

Слайд 25

The single market: freedom of choice (since 1993)
The single market has

led to:

significant reductions in the price of many products and services, including airfares and phone calls
more choice for consumers
2.8 million new jobs

Four freedoms of movement:

goods
services
people
capital

Слайд 26

The euro – a single currency for Europeans
EU countries using

the euro

EU countries not using the euro

Why the euro?
No fluctuation risk and foreign exchange cost
More choice and stable prices for consumers
Closer economic cooperation between EU countries

Can be used everywhere in the euro area
Coins: one side with national symbols, one side common
Notes: no national side

Слайд 27

Free to move
‘Schengen’
No police or customs checks at borders between most

EU countries
Controls strengthened at the EU’s external borders
More cooperation between police from different EU countries
Buy and bring back any goods for personal use when you travel between EU countries

Слайд 28

An area of freedom, security and justice
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Joint

fight against terrorism
Cooperation between police and law-enforcers in different EU countries
Coordinated asylum and immigration policies
Civil law cooperation

Слайд 29

Energy sources in a changing world
Fuel used in the EU in

2013

Share of fuel imported from outside the EU in 2013

Слайд 30

Research - investing in the knowledge society
Spending on research and development

in 2012 (% of GDP)

Слайд 31

Going abroad to learn
Erasmus+
Every year, more than 400 000 young people

study or pursue personal development in other European countries with the support of the EU’s Erasmus+ programme for education, training, youth and sport.

Слайд 32

The EU is the biggest provider of development aid in the

world

The EU provides over half of all development aid

Official development aid, billion € (2013)

Слайд 33

Three key players
The European Parliament
- voice of the people
Martin Schulz, President

of the European Parliament

The European Council and the Council
- voice of the Member States
Donald Tusk, President of the European Council

The European Commission
- promoting the common interest
Jean-Claude Juncker, President of the European Commission

Слайд 34

The EU institutions
European Parliament
Court of Justice
Court of Auditors
Economic and Social Committee
Committee

of the Regions

Council of Ministers
(The Council)

European Commission

European Investment Bank

European Central Bank

Agencies

European Council (summit)

Слайд 35

How EU laws are made
Citizens, interest groups, experts: discuss, consult
Commission: makes

formal proposal

Parliament and Council of Ministers: decide jointly

National or local authorities: implement

Commission and Court of Justice: monitor implementation

Слайд 36

The European Parliament – voice of the people
Number of members elected

in each country

Decides EU laws and budget together with the Council of Ministers
Democratic supervision of all the EU’s work

Austria - 18
Belgium - 21
Bulgaria - 17
Croatia - 11
Cyprus - 6
Czech Republic - 21
Denmark - 13
Estonia - 6
Finland - 13
France - 74

Germany - 96
Greece - 21
Hungary - 21
Ireland - 11
Italy - 73
Latvia - 8
Lithuania - 11
Luxembourg - 6
Malta - 6

Total - 751

Netherlands - 26
Poland - 51
Portugal - 21
Romania - 32
Slovakia - 13
Slovenia - 8
Spain - 54
Sweden - 20
United Kingdom - 73

Слайд 37

The European political parties
Number of seats in the European Parliament per

political group (July 2015)

Total: 751

Слайд 38

Council of Ministers – voice of the Member States
One minister from

each EU country
Presidency: rotates every six months
Decides EU laws and budget together with Parliament
Manages the common foreign and security policy

Слайд 39

Council of Ministers – how they vote
Most decisions in the Council

are taken by ‘double majority’.
A decision must have the support of at least:
• 55 % of Member States (16 countries)
• Member States that represent 65 % of the EU’s population

Слайд 40

Summit at the European Council
Held at least 4 times a year
Sets

the overall guidelines for EU policies
President: Donald Tusk

Summit of heads of state and government of all EU countries

Слайд 41

A high representative for foreign affairs and security
Double role:
chairs meetings

of the Foreign Affairs Council
Vice-President of the European Commission
Manages the common foreign affairs and security policy
Head of the European External Action Service

Federica Mogherini

Слайд 42

The European Commission – promoting the common interest
28 independent members, one

from each EU country
Proposes new legislation
Executive organ
Guardian of the treaties
Represents the EU on the international stage

Слайд 43

The Court of Justice – upholding the law
28 independent judges, one

from each EU country

Rules on how to interpret EU law
Ensures EU countries apply EU laws in the same way

Слайд 44

The European Ombudsman
Emily O’Reilly
The European Ombudsman
Investigates complaints about poor or failed

administration by the EU institutions
For example: unfairness, discrimination, abuse of power, unnecessary delay, failure to reply or incorrect procedures
Anyone in the EU can make a complaint

Европейская интеграция и Европейский Союз (ЕС)

Содержание

The European Union: 500 million people – 28 countriesMember States of

24 official languages БългарскиČeštinadanskDeutscheesti keelΕλληνικάEnglishespañolfrançaisGaeilgehrvatskiItalianolatviešu valodalietuvių kalbamagyarMaltiNederlandspolskiportuguêsRomânăslovenčinaslovenščinasuomisvenska

The EU symbolsThe European flagThe European anthemThe euroEurope Day, 9 MayThe

Konrad AdenauerRobert SchumanWinston ChurchillAlcide De GasperiJean MonnetNew ideas for lasting peace

Этапы европейской интеграции9 мая 1950г. - Декларация ШуманаБаланс политических, экономических и

Этапы европейской интеграцииПлан Шумана и ЕОУСИнститутыАвгуст 1952г. – начало работы Высшего

«Каждый человек накапливает свой опыт самостоятельно с самого начала. Одни лишь

Европейский Союз9 мая 1950г. - Декларация Шумана1951г. - Европейское объединение угля

Европейский СоюзЕвропейские сообщества - этапы интеграции 1. Зона свободной торговли (1957-1968)

Европейский СоюзЕвропейские сообщества - этапы интеграции4. Экономический и валютный союз (1992–2002)

Европейский Союз1997г. Амстердамский договор2001г. Ниццкий договор2004г. Европейский конституционный договор (Европейская конституция)2005г.

The treaties – basis for democratic cooperation built on lawThe European

The EU Charter of Fundamental RightsBinding for all the EU's activities54

Enlargement: from six to 28 countries

Европейский СоюзРасширения ЕС. ЕС сегодня - это 28 стран-членовСтраны-учредители: Франция, ФРГ,

The big enlargement: uniting east and westFall of Berlin Wall –

Candidate countries and potential candidates

EU surface area compared to the rest of the worldSurface area

EU population compared to the rest of the worldPopulation in millions

How many people live in the EU? Population in millions (2015)508

How rich is the EU compared to the rest of the

GDP per inhabitant: the spread of wealthGDP per inhabitant (2014)Index where

Solidarity in practice: the EU cohesion policy Regional fundSocial fundCohesion fundLess-developed

The single market: freedom of choice (since 1993)The single market has

The euro – a single currency for Europeans EU countries using

Free to move‘Schengen’No police or customs checks at borders between most

An area of freedom, security and justiceEU Charter of Fundamental RightsJoint

Energy sources in a changing worldFuel used in the EU in

Research - investing in the knowledge societySpending on research and development

Going abroad to learnErasmus+Every year, more than 400 000 young people

The EU is the biggest provider of development aid in the

Three key playersThe European Parliament- voice of the peopleMartin Schulz, President

The EU institutionsEuropean ParliamentCourt of JusticeCourt of AuditorsEconomic and Social CommitteeCommittee

How EU laws are madeCitizens, interest groups, experts: discuss, consultCommission: makes

The European Parliament – voice of the peopleNumber of members elected

The European political partiesNumber of seats in the European Parliament per

Council of Ministers – voice of the Member StatesOne minister from

Council of Ministers – how they voteMost decisions in the Council

Summit at the European CouncilHeld at least 4 times a yearSets

A high representative for foreign affairs and securityDouble role: chairs meetings

The European Commission – promoting the common interest28 independent members, one

The Court of Justice – upholding the law28 independent judges, one

The European OmbudsmanEmily O’ReillyThe European OmbudsmanInvestigates complaints about poor or failed

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The European Union: 500 million people – 28 countries
Member States of

24 official languages
Български
Čeština
dansk
Deutsch
eesti keel
Ελληνικά
English
español
français
Gaeilge
hrvatski
Italiano
latviešu valoda
lietuvių kalba
magyar
Malti
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polski
português
Română
slovenčina
slovenščina
suomi
svenska

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The European flag
The European anthem
The euro
Europe Day, 9 May
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Robert Schuman
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Alcide De Gasperi
Jean Monnet
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Этапы европейской интеграции
9 мая 1950г. - Декларация Шумана
Баланс политических, экономических и

Этапы европейской интеграции
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Институты
Август 1952г. – начало работы Высшего

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1951г. - Европейское объединение угля

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Европейские сообщества - этапы интеграции
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Европейские сообщества - этапы интеграции
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The European

The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Binding for all the EU's activities
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Европейский Союз
Расширения ЕС. ЕС сегодня - это 28 стран-членов
Страны-учредители: Франция, ФРГ,

The big enlargement: uniting east and west
Fall of Berlin Wall –

EU surface area compared to the rest of the world
Surface area

EU population compared to the rest of the world
Population in millions

How many people live in the EU?
Population in millions (2015)
508

GDP per inhabitant: the spread of wealth
GDP per inhabitant (2014)
Index where

Solidarity in practice: the EU cohesion policy
Regional fund
Social fund
Cohesion fund
Less-developed

The single market: freedom of choice (since 1993)
The single market has

The euro – a single currency for Europeans
EU countries using

Free to move
‘Schengen’
No police or customs checks at borders between most

An area of freedom, security and justice
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Joint

Energy sources in a changing world
Fuel used in the EU in

Research - investing in the knowledge society
Spending on research and development

Going abroad to learn
Erasmus+
Every year, more than 400 000 young people

Three key players
The European Parliament
- voice of the people
Martin Schulz, President

The EU institutions
European Parliament
Court of Justice
Court of Auditors
Economic and Social Committee
Committee

How EU laws are made
Citizens, interest groups, experts: discuss, consult
Commission: makes

The European Parliament – voice of the people
Number of members elected

The European political parties
Number of seats in the European Parliament per

Council of Ministers – voice of the Member States
One minister from

Council of Ministers – how they vote
Most decisions in the Council

Summit at the European Council
Held at least 4 times a year
Sets

A high representative for foreign affairs and security
Double role:
chairs meetings

The European Commission – promoting the common interest
28 independent members, one

The Court of Justice – upholding the law
28 independent judges, one

The European Ombudsman
Emily O’Reilly
The European Ombudsman
Investigates complaints about poor or failed