Functions of an infinitive in English

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The infinitive is a verbal form (a non-finite verb form) which

The infinitive is a verbal form (a non-finite verb form) which

consists of the base form of the verb with the particle "to": to do; to go; to play; to take; to break; to find.
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Infinitive is a grammatical term referring to certain verb forms existing

Infinitive is a grammatical term referring to certain verb forms existing

in many languages, most often used as non-finite verbs.
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The infinitive has some properties of the verb. The infinitive names

The infinitive has some properties of the verb. The infinitive names

an or state, but cannot show person, number, or mood.
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Actions

Actions

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States

States

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The infinitive can function as an adverbial modifier of purpose or

The infinitive can function as an adverbial modifier of purpose or

as an adverbial modifier of consequence.
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I have come here (in order) to help you. To know

I have come here (in order) to help you.
To know English well you have

to work hard.
To improve my knowledge of English I read books every day.

Purpose

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Now he is too tired to give us an account of

Now he is too tired to give us an account of his trip.
This new method

is not accurate enough to give any definite results.

Consequence

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The infinitive can have a direct object or a prepositional object

The infinitive can have a direct object or a prepositional object

and can be modified by an adverb.
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Functions

Functions

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Infinitive with TO

Infinitive with TO

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1)modal verbs: must, can(could), may (might), need 2)verbs(make,let,sometimes help) 3)phrases(had better

1)modal verbs: must, can(could), may (might), need
2)verbs(make,let,sometimes help)
3)phrases(had better ,would rather,would sooner)

Infinitive without TO

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You must do it at once. Не can speak German. Не

You must do it at once.
Не can speak German. 
Не made me read this book. 
Не made me read this book. 
I would rather not tell them about it. 

Examples

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1) Michael Ockenden ,Collins Cobuild English Grammar,Longman,2005.175 p. 2) Impersonal forms

1) Michael Ockenden ,Collins Cobuild English Grammar,Longman,2005.175 p.
2) Impersonal forms of

the English verb: Infinitive, participle, gerund. Reference book-128 p.
3) Guzeeva K. A., Kostygina S. I. Infinitive. English grammar,Union,2000.314 p.
4)Verba, Grammar of modern English,Logos,2001.200 p.
5)Maher, "Situational Dialogues" - the Textbook of colloquial English, Nova Southeasteren University,2008.208 p.

 List of references