The problem of Singular and Plural Semantics of Different groups of Nouns

Содержание

Слайд 2

Слайд 3

The noun class can be subdivided into the following semantic subclasses:

The noun class can be subdivided into the following semantic subclasses:


Noun
Proper Common
(Tom)
Uncountable Countable
Abstract Concrete Abstract Concrete
(hate) (thought)
Collective Mass Collective Individual
proper (milk) improper
(crew)
Animate Inanimate Animate Inanimate
(vermin) (furniture) (toy)
Personal Non-personal
(child) (dog)

Слайд 4

Characteristics of Nouns

Characteristics of Nouns

Слайд 5

Singular vs. Plural A singular noun names one person, place, thing,

Singular vs. Plural

A singular noun names one person, place, thing, or

idea.
One cat, one store, one item
A plural noun names two or more persons, places, things, or ideas.
Two cats, four stores, fifteen items
Слайд 6

Some nouns that end in f or fe change to ves

Some nouns that end in f or fe change to ves

when made plural:

calf
calves
knife
knives

Слайд 7

Some nouns become a new word when made plural: man men goose geese

Some nouns become a new word when made plural:

man
men
goose
geese

Слайд 8

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: 2. For nouns ending with s,

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

2. For nouns ending with s, x,

z, sh, or ch, add es.
Слайд 9

Add ies to make nouns plural that end with a consonant

Add ies to make nouns plural that end with a consonant

and a y:

lady
ladies
fry
fries

Слайд 10

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: 3. For nouns ending with a

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

3. For nouns ending with a consonant

and y, change the y to i and add es. For nouns ending with a vowel and y, add s.
Слайд 11

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: For some nouns ending with f

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

For some nouns ending with f or

fe, add s. For others, change the f to v and add s or es. (You will need to memorize the spellings for such words or look them up in a dictionary to check.
Слайд 12

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: These are a little more tricky

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

These are a little more tricky .

. .
5. For nouns that end with o, add s or es. (Again, you would need to memorize the spellings of such words or look them up in a dictionary to double-check.)
—One trick to remember: if it has to do with sound (“music”), just add s.—Ex: cello. piano, radio
Слайд 13

Some nouns that end in o change to es when made

Some nouns that end in o change to es when made

plural. Some change to s:

kangaroo
kangaroos
potato
potatoes

Слайд 14

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: 6. Some nouns have irregular plural

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

6. Some nouns have irregular plural forms.

You will have to memorize the spelling for irregular plurals.
Слайд 15

Some nouns do not change at all when made plural: sheep sheep deer deer

Some nouns do not change at all when made plural:

sheep
sheep
deer
deer

Слайд 16

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: 7. A few nouns have the same singular and plural forms.

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

7. A few nouns have the same

singular and plural forms.
Слайд 17

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: 8. A few nouns have only plural forms.

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

8. A few nouns have only plural

forms.
Слайд 18

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: 9. A few nouns that end

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

9. A few nouns that end with

s look plural but are considered singular.
Слайд 19

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: Compound Nouns For most compound nouns,

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

Compound Nouns
For most compound nouns, make the

most important word plural.
For a compound noun written as one word, make the last part plural.
For a compound noun written with hyphens or as separate words, make the key word plural.
Слайд 20

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: One word compound nouns Hyphenated compound nouns Separate words

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

One word compound nouns

Hyphenated compound nouns

Separate words

Слайд 21

Generalizations for forming plural nouns: 11. Letters, numbers, symbols, and words

Generalizations for forming plural nouns:

11. Letters, numbers, symbols, and words used

as words are made plural by adding an apostrophe (‘) and s.