Marine pollution prevention

Июль 29, 2022

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Экология
Marine pollution prevention

Содержание

2. What materials are discharged into the sea as a result of human activities ? What is
3. What is Marine Pollution ? The United Nations Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of
4. Other Categories of Marine Pollutants Hydrocarbon based waste which is bio-degradable Heat waste Acids and Alkalis
5. OPA 90 Requires "All Vessels carrying oil in bulk as a cargo into United States waters
6. Torrey Canyon Amoco Cadiz Atlantic Express ABT Summer
7. Now watch the Video ~ "On Board Pollution response" (The Maritime Safety Series)
8. Oil Pollution Act 1990 OPA90
9. The Vessel Response Plan (VRP) Key elements :- General Information Notification Spill mitigation procedures Contacts Training
10. Canal River Inland waters Near-shore Off-shore Open Ocean Demarcation Line 12 Nautical Miles 50 Nautical Miles
11. Contractor recovery capacity in US BBls (0.159 m3) per day National Response Corporation 'NARCO' - National
12. Potential Oil Spill Size Three categories of Potential spill sizes : Average Most Probable (AMP) Discharge
13. Shipboard requirements of the VRP A Designated Spill Response Team (SRT) List and location of pollution
14. Masters Obligations to report In the event of a discharge or threat of a discharge of
15. Shipboard Response Team Master Spill Officer Spill Squad 1 Repair Squad Spill Squad 2
16. Routine in-service training Transfer operations Major casualty Equipment failure Damage Stability and Hull Stress considerations
17. Cargo Transfer procedures Internal Fuel or Cargo Transfers Safety procedures – company requirements Notification and communications
18. Emergency Towing Arrangements IMO Res. A535 (13) Sections 2.2 to 2.7 Towing positions Identify and gain
19. Record keeping The Master must ensure that samples of all discharges of cargo or fuel from
20. Hydrocarbons Properties :- Specific Gravity Viscosity Pour Point
21. Results & Effects of Marine Pollution Flotation Spreading and drifting Evaporation Emulsification Dispersion Dissolution Sinking Biodegredation
22. Training and exercise requirements OPA 90 requires vessels response plans (VRP's) to describe tha training of
23. Media Management Impact of Media Response Political Regulatory Enforcement Liability Media Perception The Master is to
24. Guidelines : If unavoidably confronted by the Media Be courteous and polite Suggest that the reporter
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Слайд 2

What materials are discharged into the sea as a result of

human activities ?
What is the effect on the marine environment ?
What is the implication on human health, food resources and ecosystems ?
What is being done to reduce these effects to the Marine environment ?
What is the consequence of not releasing these additives in the marine environment?
The principle content of marine pollution :
Untreated urban sewage ~ river runoffs,
Industrial wastage, residue, agricultural waste, food processing waste etc,
Chemical waste,
PARTICULATE pollution (e.g) dredging spoil, powdered ash, china clay waste,
Oil Pollution, Plastics and Garbage.

Define Pollution

Слайд 3

What is Marine Pollution ?
The United Nations Group of Experts on

the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution have defined Marine Pollution as :
“The introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances to the marine environment that result in deleterious effects to the environment"
these include :-
Hazards to human health
Hindrance of marine activities, including fishing
Impairment of the quality for the use of seawater
Reduction of amenities.

Слайд 4

Other Categories of Marine Pollutants
Hydrocarbon based waste which is bio-degradable
Heat waste
Acids

and Alkalis
Cyanides
Plastics

Слайд 5

OPA 90 Requires
"All Vessels carrying oil in bulk as a cargo

into United States waters must have an approved Vessel Response Plan (VRP) on board"

OPA 90 ~ The Oil Pollution Act 1990

Слайд 6

Torrey Canyon
Amoco Cadiz
Atlantic Express
ABT Summer

Слайд 7

Now watch the Video
~
"On Board Pollution response"
(The Maritime Safety Series)

Слайд 8

Oil Pollution Act 1990 OPA90

Слайд 9

The Vessel Response Plan (VRP)
Key elements :-
General Information
Notification
Spill mitigation

procedures
Contacts
Training & Drills
Reviews and updates
Geographic references
Vessel specific information

The Qualified Individual (Q.I.)
The Spill Management Team (SMT)
The Oil Spill Removal Organisation (OSRO)

Слайд 10

Canal
River
Inland waters
Near-shore
Off-shore
Open Ocean
Demarcation Line
12 Nautical Miles
50 Nautical Miles
Operational Areas

Слайд 11

Contractor recovery capacity in US BBls (0.159 m3) per day
National Response

Corporation

'NARCO' - National Response Corporation

NARCO has been classified by the US Coast Guard as an "E" with responsibility in all operational areas of all zones on the East and Gulf Coasts of the United States and Caribbean.

Слайд 12

Potential Oil Spill Size
Three categories of Potential spill sizes :

Average Most Probable (AMP) Discharge +/- 50 Bbls
Maiximum Most Probable (MMP) Discharge +/- 2500 Bbls
Worst Case Loss of entire Cargo

Слайд 13

Shipboard requirements of the VRP
A Designated Spill Response Team (SRT)

List and location of pollution prevention and clean up gear
Contact numbers
Contact information and procedures
Location of vessels plans and stability information
Cargo details, including capacities and structure
Cargo transfer procedures
Details of Ship to ship transfer procedures

Слайд 14

Masters Obligations to report
In the event of a discharge or threat

of a discharge of oil from the vessel, the U.S.C.G. operated NRC (National Response Centre) in Washington DC should be notified by the ship immediately.
Failure to make such notification will make the Master personally liable to criminal prosecution of US $ 25,000 or 5 years in Prison.

Слайд 15

Shipboard Response Team
Master
Spill Officer
Spill Squad 1
Repair Squad
Spill Squad 2

Слайд 16

Routine in-service training
Transfer operations
Major casualty
Equipment failure
Damage Stability and Hull Stress considerations

Слайд 17

Cargo Transfer procedures
Internal Fuel or Cargo Transfers
Safety procedures – company

requirements
Notification and communications with correct personnel
Ship to Ship Cargo / Fuel transfers
Company safety management guidelines
OCIMF / ICS transfer guidelines
Checklists

Слайд 18

Emergency Towing Arrangements
IMO Res. A535 (13) Sections 2.2 to 2.7
Towing

positions
Identify and gain familiarisation with equipment
Identify the correct towing equipment
Ensure emergency towing equipment not used for general purpose
If vessel is disabled and requires towing
Establish communications
Agree towing plan
Prepare equipment and establish continuous watch

Слайд 19

Record keeping
The Master must ensure that samples of all discharges of

cargo or fuel from the vessels systems, or if noticed in adjacent waters to the ship, are taken and preserved in a suitable container on board the vessel.

A Chain of Custody document must be completed for the entire sampling and transport process

Слайд 20

Hydrocarbons
Properties :-
Specific Gravity
Viscosity
Pour Point

Слайд 21

Results & Effects of Marine Pollution
Flotation
Spreading and drifting
Evaporation
Emulsification
Dispersion
Dissolution
Sinking
Biodegredation

Слайд 22

Training and exercise requirements
OPA 90 requires vessels response plans (VRP's) to

describe tha training of persons on a vessel to be carried out under a VRP to ensure the safety of the vessel / facility and mitigate or prevent pollution.
Federal Training requirements
Federal Training guidelines (voluntary)
PREP (Preparedness for Response Exercise Program)

Refer to 'Appendix B' of your notes

Слайд 23

Media Management
Impact of Media Response
Political
Regulatory Enforcement
Liability
Media Perception
The Master is to instruct

all crew members that, following any casualty, any contact with a person(s) not contracted to the Company is to be made through the companies designated person ashore.

Слайд 24

Guidelines : If unavoidably confronted by the Media
Be courteous and

polite
Suggest that the reporter contact the Company directly for accurate answers to questions
Do not speculate or guess. A simple "I don't know" is enough.
Do not try to confuse the matter or fabricate 'stories'
Do not say "No Comment" (Refer the reporter to the Company designated person for the factual and authorised answer)
Do not make any statements suggesting cause or responsibility
Do not discuss company policies
Try to convey a 'spirit' of co-operation and understanding, concern and helpfulness.

Marine pollution prevention

Содержание

What materials are discharged into the sea as a result of

What is Marine Pollution ? The United Nations Group of Experts on

Other Categories of Marine PollutantsHydrocarbon based waste which is bio-degradableHeat wasteAcids

OPA 90 Requires"All Vessels carrying oil in bulk as a cargo

Torrey CanyonAmoco CadizAtlantic ExpressABT Summer

Now watch the Video~"On Board Pollution response"(The Maritime Safety Series)

Oil Pollution Act 1990 OPA90

The Vessel Response Plan (VRP)Key elements :-General Information Notification Spill mitigation

CanalRiverInland watersNear-shoreOff-shoreOpen OceanDemarcation Line12 Nautical Miles50 Nautical MilesOperational Areas

Contractor recovery capacity in US BBls (0.159 m3) per dayNational Response

Potential Oil Spill Size Three categories of Potential spill sizes :

Shipboard requirements of the VRP A Designated Spill Response Team (SRT)

Masters Obligations to reportIn the event of a discharge or threat

Shipboard Response TeamMasterSpill OfficerSpill Squad 1Repair SquadSpill Squad 2

Routine in-service trainingTransfer operationsMajor casualtyEquipment failureDamage Stability and Hull Stress considerations

Cargo Transfer proceduresInternal Fuel or Cargo Transfers Safety procedures – company

Emergency Towing ArrangementsIMO Res. A535 (13) Sections 2.2 to 2.7 Towing

Record keepingThe Master must ensure that samples of all discharges of

HydrocarbonsProperties :-Specific GravityViscosityPour Point

Results & Effects of Marine PollutionFlotationSpreading and driftingEvaporationEmulsificationDispersionDissolutionSinkingBiodegredation

Training and exercise requirementsOPA 90 requires vessels response plans (VRP's) to

Media ManagementImpact of Media ResponsePoliticalRegulatory EnforcementLiabilityMedia PerceptionThe Master is to instruct

Guidelines : If unavoidably confronted by the MediaBe courteous and

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