Kings & Queens of England

Август 6, 2022

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Kings & Queens of England

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2. EDWARD I (1272-1307) He went on crusade in 1270. When he returned in 1274 he had
3. EDWARD II (1307-1327) He was the eldest son of Edward I and succeeded on his death.
4. EDWARD III (1327-1377) He was 14 when he was crowned. In 1330 he executed his father’s
5. RICHARD II (1377-1399) He was 10 when crowned. He was faced with the Peasant’s Revolt in
6. HENRY IV (1399-1413) Henry Bolingbroke was the grandson of Edward III. There were many plots against
7. HENRY V (1413-1422) When Henry became king his thoughts turned to renewing the war with France.
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EDWARD I (1272-1307)
He went on crusade in 1270. When he returned in

1274 he had already been king for two years. He was interested in law reform and the unification of Britain. His campaigns to Scotland were bloody, earning him the nickname ‘Hammer of the Scots’. He married twice and had seven children.

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EDWARD II (1307-1327)
He was the eldest son of Edward I and succeeded

on his death. He was heavily defeated by Robert the Bruce in Scotland. His wife Isabella returned to Britain from France to lead the rebellion. The King was captured and murdered at Berkeley Castle on the orders of the Queen’s lover, Roger Mortimer.

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EDWARD III (1327-1377)
He was 14 when he was crowned. In 1330 he

executed his father’s murderer R. Mortimer. He landed in France in 1346 and gained Calais and Aquitaine and captured the French king. But by the end of his reign most of the territory had been lost. During his reign was the period of the Black Death, reaching England in 1348 when one third of the population of Europe perished.

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RICHARD II (1377-1399)
He was 10 when crowned. He was faced with the

Peasant’s Revolt in 1381. He persuaded them to disperse. However, promises he made were later broken by others. In 1399 Richard’s cousin Henry Bolingbroke led a revolt, capturing the King at Conway Castle. Richard was imprisoned and murdered.

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HENRY IV (1399-1413)
Henry Bolingbroke was the grandson of Edward III. There were

many plots against Henry. He gave the Church power to burn heretics. In 1406 Henry became seriously ill with leprosy. He died in 1413 at Westminster, badly disfigured.

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HENRY V (1413-1422)
When Henry became king his thoughts turned to renewing the

war with France. The French lost 7000 men, the English 400. In 1420 he was recognised as the heir to the French Crown. During the campaign in the south of France Henry V taken ill and died.