Simulation of wing-body junction flows with hybrid RANS/LES methods

Содержание

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Introduction Junction flow occurs when a boundary layer encounters an obstruction

Introduction

Junction flow occurs when a boundary layer encounters an obstruction
At realistic

large Reynolds number, the adverse pressure gradient in the streamwise direction imposed by the wing often causes the upwind boundary layer on the body to separate and form multiple horseshoe vortices around the wing
Better understanding and accurate prediction of the junction flows can effectively help the design of lower drag and high-efficiency flight vehicles
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Viewed objects Rood wing-body junction (3:2 elliptical nose and a NACA

Viewed objects

Rood wing-body junction (3:2 elliptical nose and a NACA 0020

tail model) – have experimental results
NASA TN D-712 – has interference flows at high angles of attack with a low-Re two-equation k–g model which requires no parameterization of the distance to the wall
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Numerical methods. Flow equations The computations here are all based on

Numerical methods. Flow equations

The computations here are all based on a

compressible solver using a Roe flux-difference splitting scheme with a 3rd order monotone upstream scheme
A modified fully implicit lower–upper symmetric Gaussian Seidel (LUSGS, Yoon and Jameson, 1987; Xiao et al., 2006) model with Newton-like sub-iteration in pseudo time is taken as the time marching method when solving the mean flow and the turbulence model equations
Global non-dimensional time stepping is implemented to capture the unsteady properties of the separation flows
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Numerical methods. Energy and dissipation equations Using the LU-SGS method The

Numerical methods. Energy and dissipation equations

Using the LU-SGS method
The production terms

are treated explicitly, lagged in time while the dissipation and diffusion terms are treated implicitly
The advective terms are discretized using second order upwind scheme. The diffusive terms are discretized using a second-order central scheme.
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Results. Rood Boundary conditions: at x/T = -18.24: inlet (from experiment)

Results. Rood

Boundary conditions:
at x/T = -18.24: inlet (from experiment)
at x/T

= 16: outflow (zero streamwise gradients)
at y/T = 0, y/T = 7 and z/T = 3: symmetric
at z/T = 0: wall (no-slip)
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Difference between SST and WD+ Comparisons on U and k with the WD+ and SST

Difference between SST and WD+

Comparisons on U and k with the

WD+ and SST
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Difference on grid Comparisons on U/Uref and k/U2ref based on two grids

Difference on grid

Comparisons on U/Uref and k/U2ref based on two grids

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Flowfields on the symmetric plane Comparison of velocity vectors on the symmetric plane

Flowfields on the symmetric plane

Comparison of velocity vectors on the symmetric

plane
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Flow structures at three streamwise positions Transverse velocity at different streamwise

Flow structures at three streamwise positions

Transverse velocity at different streamwise positions

(maximum thickness, middle and trailing edge of the wing)
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Flow structures at three streamwise positions Flow patterns around the wing-body

Flow structures at three streamwise positions

Flow patterns around the wing-body junction

(a) shear stress lines and vortex in the wake; (b) upwind symmetry plane horseshoe vortex and (c) vortices near the trailing edge
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Flow structures at three streamwise positions Comparisons of turbulent kinetic energy

Flow structures at three streamwise positions

Comparisons of turbulent kinetic energy and

cross-streamwise normal stress near the trailing edge (x/T = 3.95)
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Flowfields in the wake Comparisons of turbulent kinetic energy and the

Flowfields in the wake

Comparisons of turbulent kinetic energy and the vertical

flow vectors in the wake (x/T = 6.38)
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Results. TN D-712 junction Grids around TN D-712 Wing-fuselage junction.

Results. TN D-712 junction

Grids around TN D-712 Wing-fuselage junction.

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Mach number - 0.9 Reynolds number is 7.5 · 106 (based

Mach number - 0.9
Reynolds number is 7.5 · 106 (based on

halfspan)
Angle of attack is 12.5o

Computation parameters

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Pressure coefficients Comparisons of pressure coefficients of different turbulence methods near the junction

Pressure coefficients

Comparisons of pressure coefficients of different turbulence methods near the

junction
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Vortex over the wing Comparison on vortex over the wing with RANS, DES and DDES methods.

Vortex over the wing

Comparison on vortex over the wing with RANS,

DES and DDES methods.
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The instantaneous DDES vorticities over the wing at different AoAs (Left: 12.5; Right: 26.2)

The instantaneous DDES vorticities over the wing at different AoAs (Left:

12.5; Right: 26.2)
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Flow patterns of DDES Transverse flow structure at different streamwise positions

Flow patterns of DDES

Transverse flow structure at different streamwise positions by

DDES. 2x/B = 1.667, 1.833, 2.167 and 2.500.