Transitional expression

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PARENTHETICAL EXPRESSION A parenthetical expression is a word or words added

PARENTHETICAL EXPRESSION

A parenthetical expression is a word or words added

to a sentence without changing the meaning or grammar of the original sentence. Parenthetical expressions give extra information but are not essential. You can add and remove a parenthetical and the sentence works just the same.
Some information in a sentence is essential to its meaning, and some information may be less important or "nonessential"
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ABSOLUTE PHRASE An absolute phrase is a phrase that modifies a

ABSOLUTE PHRASE

An absolute phrase is a phrase that modifies a whole independent clause (a

full sentence); not just one word. It generally combines a noun and a participle, so it can be as short as two words, or sometimes have other modifiers and objects, too.
Absolute phrases are not full sentences on their own, but they can add very important details to sentences that make them more informative or relevant.
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Example: Those who had caught sharks had taken them to the

Example:
Those who had caught sharks had taken them to the shark

factory on the other side of the cove where they were hoisted on a block and tackle, their livers removed, their fins cut off and their hides skinned out and their flesh cut into strips for salting.
The old man hit him on the head for kindness and kicked him, his body still shuddering, under the shade of the stern.
(E.Hemingway “The Old Man And The Sea”)
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COMMA WITH CONTRASTED ELEMENTS Example: His understanding and temper, though unlike

COMMA WITH CONTRASTED ELEMENTS

Example:
His understanding and temper, though unlike her own,

would have answered all her wishes.
(Jane Austen “Pride And Prejudice”)
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COMMA WITH DIRECT ADRESS Example: "Wake up, old man," the boy

COMMA WITH DIRECT ADRESS

Example:
"Wake up, old man," the boy said

and put his hand on one of the old man's knees.
"Very well, Manolin," the old man said. "I feel confident today.“
(E.Hemingway “The Old Man And The Sea”)
‘Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year.’
(Jane Austen “Pride And Prejudice”)
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COMMA IN DISJUNCTIVE QUESTION Example: ‘Oh! Your uncle! He keeps a

COMMA IN DISJUNCTIVE QUESTION

Example:
‘Oh! Your uncle! He keeps a man-servant,

does he?
The country is a vast deal pleasanter, is it not, Mr. Bingley?
Well, but now for my news; it is about dear Wickham; too good for the waiter, is it not?
(Jane Austen “Pride And Prejudice”)