The Integumentary System

Июль 23, 2022

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Биология
The Integumentary System

Содержание

2. Integumentary System Only 1.5 to 4 mm thick but is body’s largest organ 7% of body
3. Integument Composition Two basic layers Epidermis External Stratified squamous epithelium Dermis Deeper Mostly dense irregular connective
4. Integument Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous layer
5. Layers of the Integument (Figure 6.1) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction
6. Epidermis Epithelial tissue arranged in 5 layers or strata Cells divide in only in base layer
7. Epidermal Strata From deep to superficial Stratum basale (base layer) Stratum spinosum (spiny layer) Stratum granulosum
8. Thick Skin High Magnification Epidermis Dermis Stratum basale Stratum spinosum Stratum granulosum Stratum lucidum Stratum corneum
9. Stratum Basale Single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells attached to a basement membrane Include
10. Stratum Spinosum Cells are pushed up from below and become “squished” and look spiny on cross
11. Stratum Granulosum Cells in this layer start to keratinize (fill with keratin) and look grainy Keratohyalin-
12. Stratum Lucidum Keratinocytes with transforming keratohyaline Keratohyaline transforms to clear substance eleidin Found only in thick
13. Stratum Corneum 20-30 layers of dead keratinocytes Keratin now fully formed Cells are dead Keratinized stratified
14. Epidermal Strata (Figure 6.2) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
15. Variations in the Epidermis Epidermis is not the same over all portions of the body or
16. Thick Skin Thin Skin
17. Thick Skin High Magnification Epidermis Dermis Stratum basale Stratum spinosum Stratum granulosum Stratum lucidum Stratum corneum
18. Thin Skin High Magnification Epidermis Dermis Stratum basale Stratum spinosum Stratum granulosum Stratum corneum
19. Thin Skin Low Magnification Epidermis Dermis Dermal papillae Duct of merocrine sweat gland Stratum corneum Stratum
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Слайд 2

Integumentary System
Only 1.5 to 4 mm thick but is body’s largest

organ
7% of body weight
Provides protection
Microbes
Dehydration
Mechanical damage
Contains all four tissue types

Слайд 3

Integument Composition
Two basic layers
Epidermis
External
Stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis
Deeper
Mostly dense irregular connective tissue
Additional

layer
Hypodermis (subcutaneous)
Connective tissue
Not really part of integument, but nowhere else to put it!

Слайд 4

Integument
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous layer

Слайд 5

Layers of the Integument (Figure 6.1)
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Permission required for reproduction or display.

Integument

Epidermis

Dermis

Subcutaneous
layer

Reticular
layer

Papillary
layer

Hair shaft

Sweat pore

Epidermal ridge

Dermal papilla

Arrector pili muscle

Sebaceous (oil) gland

Sweat gland duct

Merocrine sweat gland

Vein

Artery

Hair follicle

Tactile
(sensory)
receptors

Areolar
connective tissue

Sensory
nerve fiber

Adipose connective tissue

Слайд 6

Epidermis
Epithelial tissue arranged in 5 layers or strata
Cells divide in only

in base layer and are pushed outward
Form a keratinized layer on surface
Cell division is regulated by growth factor (EGF)

Слайд 7

Epidermal Strata
From deep to superficial
Stratum basale (base layer)
Stratum spinosum (spiny layer)
Stratum

granulosum (grainy layer)
Stratum lucidum (light layer or clear layer)
Stratum corneum (horny layer)

Слайд 8

Thick Skin High Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Stratum
basale
Stratum
spinosum
Stratum
granulosum
Stratum
lucidum
Stratum
corneum

Слайд 9

Stratum Basale
Single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells attached to

a basement membrane
Include
Keratinocytes
Keratin is a tough, water-resistant protein
Melanocytes
Melanin is a brown protein pigment
Transfer melanin to keratinocytes for protection against UV damage
Skin color
Tactile cells (Merkel cells)
Touch receptors

Слайд 10

Stratum Spinosum
Cells are pushed up from below and become “squished” and

look spiny on cross sectional view
Spiny appearance comes from connections (desmosomes) between cells
Cells are further from blood supply so alive, but not dividing
Epidermal dendritic cells
Phagocytic immune cells

Слайд 11

Stratum Granulosum
Cells in this layer start to keratinize (fill with keratin)

and look grainy
Keratohyalin- precursor to keratin
As they go through the process, the organelles in these cells disintegrate
Cells die

Слайд 12

Stratum Lucidum
Keratinocytes with transforming keratohyaline
Keratohyaline transforms to clear substance eleidin
Found

only in thick skin
Dead cells

Слайд 13

Stratum Corneum
20-30 layers of dead keratinocytes
Keratin now fully formed
Cells are dead
Keratinized

stratified squamous epithelium
Migration process from stratum basale about 2 weeks
Remain in stratum corneum for about 2 weeks and then are shed

Слайд 14

Epidermal Strata (Figure 6.2)
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required

for reproduction or display.

LM 25x

Stratum corneum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum spinosum

Stratum basale

Dermis

(a)

(b)

Dead keratinocytes

Sweat gland duct

Living keratinocyte

Melanocyte

Epidermal dendritic cell

Basement membrane

Tactile cell

Sensory nerve ending

Sweat gland duct

Слайд 15

Variations in the Epidermis
Epidermis is not the same over all portions

of the body or for all people
Thick skin
Soles of feet, fingers, toes
Has all 5 layers, but no hair follicles or sebaceous glands
Thin skin
Rest of body
Doesn’t have 5 layers, has hair follicles and sebaceous glands

Слайд 16

Thick Skin
Thin Skin

Слайд 17

Thick Skin High Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Stratum
basale
Stratum
spinosum
Stratum
granulosum
Stratum
lucidum
Stratum
corneum

Слайд 18

Thin Skin High Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Stratum
basale
Stratum
spinosum
Stratum
granulosum
Stratum
corneum

Слайд 19

Thin Skin Low Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Dermal papillae
Duct of merocrine sweat gland
Stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum

basale

The Integumentary System

Содержание

Integumentary SystemOnly 1.5 to 4 mm thick but is body’s largest

Integument CompositionTwo basic layersEpidermis ExternalStratified squamous epitheliumDermisDeeperMostly dense irregular connective tissueAdditional

IntegumentEpidermisDermisSubcutaneous layer

Layers of the Integument (Figure 6.1)Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

EpidermisEpithelial tissue arranged in 5 layers or strataCells divide in only

Epidermal StrataFrom deep to superficialStratum basale (base layer)Stratum spinosum (spiny layer)Stratum

Thick Skin High MagnificationEpidermisDermisStratumbasaleStratumspinosumStratumgranulosumStratumlucidumStratumcorneum

Stratum BasaleSingle layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells attached to

Stratum SpinosumCells are pushed up from below and become “squished” and

Stratum GranulosumCells in this layer start to keratinize (fill with keratin)

Stratum LucidumKeratinocytes with transforming keratohyaline Keratohyaline transforms to clear substance eleidinFound

Stratum Corneum20-30 layers of dead keratinocytesKeratin now fully formedCells are deadKeratinized

Epidermal Strata (Figure 6.2)Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required

Variations in the EpidermisEpidermis is not the same over all portions

Thick SkinThin Skin

Thick Skin High MagnificationEpidermisDermisStratumbasaleStratumspinosumStratumgranulosumStratumlucidumStratumcorneum

Thin Skin High MagnificationEpidermisDermisStratumbasaleStratumspinosumStratumgranulosumStratumcorneum

Thin Skin Low MagnificationEpidermisDermisDermal papillaeDuct of merocrine sweat glandStratum corneumStratum granulosumStratum spinosumStratum

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Integumentary System
Only 1.5 to 4 mm thick but is body’s largest

Integument Composition
Two basic layers
Epidermis
External
Stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis
Deeper
Mostly dense irregular connective tissue
Additional

Integument
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous layer

Layers of the Integument (Figure 6.1)
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Epidermis
Epithelial tissue arranged in 5 layers or strata
Cells divide in only

Epidermal Strata
From deep to superficial
Stratum basale (base layer)
Stratum spinosum (spiny layer)
Stratum

Thick Skin High Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Stratum
basale
Stratum
spinosum
Stratum
granulosum
Stratum
lucidum
Stratum
corneum

Stratum Basale
Single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells attached to

Stratum Spinosum
Cells are pushed up from below and become “squished” and

Stratum Granulosum
Cells in this layer start to keratinize (fill with keratin)

Stratum Lucidum
Keratinocytes with transforming keratohyaline
Keratohyaline transforms to clear substance eleidin
Found

Stratum Corneum
20-30 layers of dead keratinocytes
Keratin now fully formed
Cells are dead
Keratinized

Epidermal Strata (Figure 6.2)
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required

Variations in the Epidermis
Epidermis is not the same over all portions

Thick Skin
Thin Skin

Thick Skin High Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Stratum
basale
Stratum
spinosum
Stratum
granulosum
Stratum
lucidum
Stratum
corneum

Thin Skin High Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Stratum
basale
Stratum
spinosum
Stratum
granulosum
Stratum
corneum

Thin Skin Low Magnification
Epidermis
Dermis
Dermal papillae
Duct of merocrine sweat gland
Stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum