Содержание
- 2. Lecture 6 Heat flow and the first law of thermodynamics. Kind of thermodynamic process. Adiabatic processes.
- 3. Heat When the temperature of a thermal system in contact with a neighboring system changes, we
- 4. Mechanical equivalent of heat Mechanical energy is not conserserved in the presence of nonconservative forces. It
- 5. Specific heat capacity The heat capacity C of a particular sample of a substance is defined
- 6. Energy transfer and specific heat capacity From this definition, we can relate the energy Q transferred
- 8. Dependence of specific heat capacity on temperature Specific heat varies with temperature. For example, the specific
- 9. Dependence of specific heat capacity on volume and pressure Measured values of specific heats are found
- 10. Phase transition It can be that transfer of energy does not result in a change in
- 11. Latent heat Quantitative measure of phase transition is latent heat L: Q=±mL Latent heat of fusion
- 13. State variables - Thermodynamic process - Thermal equilibrium We describe the state of a system using
- 14. Work and heat in thermodynamic process The total work done by the gas as its volume
- 15. Work depends on the path: (a): Wa= Pi(Vf-Vi) (b): Wb= Pf(Vf-Vi) 1) Wa 2) Wa
- 16. Two ways of energy transfer There exist two ways in which energy can be transferred between
- 17. The First Law of Thermodynamics The change in internal energy ΔU of the system is equal
- 18. The first law of thermodynamics is a special case of the law of conservation of energy
- 19. Ideal Gas Processes Here W is work done by the system, ΔQ - heat flow into
- 20. Adiabatic (no heat flow, Q=0): ΔW = -ΔU The curve of adiabatic process is described by
- 21. Polytropic processes PVγ = const, γ=const. Isobaric γ=0 Isotermic γ=1 Adiabatic γ= CP/CV Isochoric γ=∞
- 22. Cyclic Processes If a nonisolated system is performing a cyclic process, the change in the internal
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