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- 2. Fuels: Ethanol Renewable Diesel Methanol Hydrogen Electricity Heat Chemicals: Plastics Solvents Pharmaceuticals Chemical Intermediates Phenolic Compounds
- 3. Biodiesel (B100) ASTM PS 121 Biodiesel Fuel Standard similar to ASTM D 975 Used pure or
- 4. Handles Just Like Diesel No engine modifications required for B20, if using B100 then: rubber seals
- 5. Next Generation Biology will Reduce Costs of Cellulosic Ethanol Production: SSF
- 6. Technical Barrier Areas for $1.07 Biochemical Ethanol *Hybrid Saccharification & Fermentation - HSF Pretreatment Products By-products
- 7. www.nefb.org/ ag-ed/corn.html Increase crop production (agronomics and plant engineering) Increase composition of desirable polysaccharides (cellulose) Decrease
- 8. Constituents of Biomass Lignin: 15%–25% Complex aromatic structure Very high energy content Resists biochemical conversion Hemicellulose:
- 9. Plant Cell Wall Models Buckeridge et al., 2004
- 10. J. Bidlack, M. Malone, and R. Benson. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 72:51-56 (1992) Plant Cell Wall
- 11. Hemicellulose Structure Complicated branching and bond structure Affect solubility and enzyme accessibility Different bonds affected by
- 12. Biofuels from Biomass CORN SUGAR CANE SUGAR EXTRACT BIOMASS ETHANOL YEAST FERMENT CORN STOVER SUGAR CANE
- 13. Diesel Biofuels from Biomass SOYBEAN CANOLA VEGETABLE OIL PRESS BIODIESEL (FAMES) METHANOL HEAT, BASE GREEN DIESEL
- 14. Transportation Fuels Ethanol & Mixed Alcohols Diesel Methanol Gasoline Gasoline & Diesel Gasoline & Diesel Diesel
- 15. Comparison of feeds and processes Biochemical is low temperature but long times Thermochemical is high-throughput but
- 16. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future Sustainability of Cellulosic Ethanol Requires Much Less
- 17. Is there enough land? If biomass competes with food crops for farm land, then food prices
- 19. The 1.3 Billion Ton Biomass Scenario Based on ORNL & USDA Resource Assessment Study by Perlach
- 20. When will the fuels come? Corn ethanol and biodiesel are here now to some extent Cellulosic
- 21. Life Cycle Assessment: Definition LCA Is a systematic analytical method Used to quantify environmental benefits and
- 22. System Concept in Life Cycle Assessment Life cycle system boundary
- 23. GWP = global warming potential
- 24. GWP = global warming potential
- 25. GWP = global warming potential An integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is a technology that uses
- 26. GWP = global warming potential
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