Chemical bonding and Molecular Structure

Июль 26, 2022

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Chemical bonding and Molecular Structure

Содержание

2. Topics Covered Ionic Bonds and Compounds Covalent Bonds Lewis Structures Types of Covalent Bonding Geometry and
3. Chemical bond The atoms in molecules held together by strong attractive forces called chemical bonds Formed
4. Ionic bond Two atoms with large difference in electronegativity reactivity, there is complete electron transfer High
5. Ionic bond These two ions are held together by electrostatic forces This force of attraction between
6. Nomenclature 1. 2. 3.
7. Nomenclature 4. 5.
8. Nomenclature 6.
9. Ionic bond High melting and boiling point – strong electrostatic force Conduct electricity in liquid and
10. Covalent Bonds Forms when two elements have similar electronegativities They achieve a noble gas electron configuration
11. Covalent bond Bonds length is the average distance between the two nuclei of the atoms involved
12. Bonds Primary bonding – covalent and ionic Secondary – hydrogen and Van der Vaals
13. Lewis Structures Valence electrons of a covalent bond – bonding electrons Valence electrons not involved in
14. Lewis Structures More than one Lewis structure for a molecule – resonance
15. Formal Charge
16. Formal Charge
17. Resonance structures
18. Types of covalent bonds Polar covalent bonds – occurs between atoms with small difference in electronegativity
19. Lewis acid and base Lewis base NH3 – donor of pair if electrons Lewis acid BF3
20. Geometry and polarity The Valence Shell Electron - Pair Repulsion Theory
21. Geometry and Polarity
22. Hybridization sp – hybridization
23. Hybridization
24. Sigma and Pi bonds
25. Metallic bond
26. Summary
27. Summary
28. Summary
30. Скачать презентацию

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Topics Covered
Ionic Bonds and Compounds
Covalent Bonds
Lewis Structures
Types of Covalent

Bonding
Geometry and Polarity of Covalent Molecules
Orbital Hybridization
Sigma and Pi Bonds

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Chemical bond
The atoms in molecules held together by strong attractive forces

called chemical bonds
Formed by interaction of valence electrons of the combining atoms
In the formation chemical bonds atoms bond according to the octet rule

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Ionic bond
Two atoms with large difference in electronegativity reactivity, there is

complete electron transfer
High electronegativity == anion
Low electronegativity == cation

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Ionic bond
These two ions are held together by electrostatic forces
This

force of attraction between the charged ions is called an ionic bond

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Nomenclature
1.
2.
3.

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Nomenclature
4.
5.

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Nomenclature
6.

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Ionic bond
High melting and boiling point – strong electrostatic force
Conduct

electricity in liquid and aqueous states

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Covalent Bonds
Forms when two elements have similar electronegativities
They achieve a noble

gas electron configuration by sharing electrons in what is known as a covalent bond
Sometimes need more than one electron to form octet

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Covalent bond
Bonds length is the average distance between the two nuclei

of the atoms involved
Bond energy is the energy required to separate two bonded atoms

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Bonds
Primary bonding – covalent and ionic
Secondary – hydrogen and Van

der Vaals

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Lewis Structures
Valence electrons of a covalent bond – bonding electrons
Valence electrons

not involved in the covalent bond – lone electron pairs(nonbonding)
Lewis structure – convenient representation of bonding and nonbonding electrons in a molecule

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Lewis Structures
More than one Lewis structure for a molecule –

resonance

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Formal Charge

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Formal Charge

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Resonance structures

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Types of covalent bonds
Polar covalent bonds – occurs between atoms with

small difference in electronegativity
Nonpolar covalent bond occurs between atoms that have the same electronegativites
Coordinate Covalent Bond – the shared electron pair comes from the lone pair of one of the atoms in the molecules

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