Statistics for Managers using Microsoft Excel 3rd Edition

Август 21, 2022

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Statistics for Managers using Microsoft Excel 3rd Edition

Содержание

2. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter Topics Organizing numerical data The ordered array and stem-leaf display Tabulating
3. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter Topics Tabulating and graphing Univariate categorical data The summary table Bar
4. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Organizing Numerical Data Numerical Data Ordered Array Stem and Leaf Display Frequency
5. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Data in raw form (as collected): 24, 26, 24, 21, 27, 27,
6. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Numerical Data Numerical Data Ordered Array Stem and Leaf
7. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating Numerical Data: Frequency Distributions Sort raw data in ascending order: 12,
8. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Frequency Distributions, Relative Frequency Distributions and Percentage Distributions Class Frequency 10 but
9. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Numerical Data: The Histogram Data in ordered array: 12, 13, 17,
10. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Numerical Data: The Frequency Polygon Class Midpoints Data in ordered array:
11. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating Numerical Data: Cumulative Frequency Cumulative Cumulative Class Frequency % Frequency 10
12. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Numerical Data: The Ogive (Cumulative % Polygon) Class Boundaries (Not Midpoints)
13. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Bivariate Numerical Data (Scatter Plot)
14. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Categorical Data:Univariate Data Categorical Data Tabulating Data The Summary
15. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Summary Table (for an Investor’s Portfolio) Investment Category Amount Percentage (in thousands
16. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Categorical Data: Univariate Data Categorical Data Tabulating Data The Summary Table
17. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Bar Chart (for an Investor’s Portfolio)
18. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Pie Chart (for an Investor’s Portfolio) Percentages are rounded to the nearest
19. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Pareto Diagram Axis for line graph shows cumulative % invested Axis for
20. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Bivariate Categorical Data Contingency tables: investment in thousands of
21. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Bivariate Categorical Data Side by side charts
22. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Principles of Graphical Excellence Presents data in a way that provides substance,
23. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Using “chart junk” Failing to provide a relative basis in comparing data
24. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. “Chart Junk” Good Presentation 1960: $1.00 1970: $1.60 1980: $3.10 1990: $3.80
25. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. No Relative Basis Good Presentation A’s received by students. A’s received by
26. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Compressing Vertical Axis Good Presentation Quarterly Sales Quarterly Sales Bad Presentation 0
27. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. No Zero Point on Vertical Axis Good Presentation Monthly Sales Monthly Sales
28. © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter Summary Organized numerical data The ordered array and stem-leaf display Tabulated
30. Скачать презентацию

Слайд 2

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Chapter Topics
Organizing numerical data
The ordered array and

stem-leaf display
Tabulating and graphing Univariate numerical data
Frequency distributions: tables, histograms, polygons
Cumulative distributions: tables, the Ogive
Graphing Bivariate numerical data

Слайд 3

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Chapter Topics
Tabulating and graphing Univariate categorical data
The

summary table
Bar and pie charts, the Pareto diagram
Tabulating and graphing Bivariate categorical data
Contingency tables
Side by side bar charts
Graphical excellence and common errors in presenting data

(continued)

Слайд 4

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Organizing Numerical Data
Numerical Data
Ordered Array
Stem and Leaf
Display
Frequency

Distributions
Cumulative Distributions

Histograms

Polygons

Ogive

Tables

2 144677
3 028
4 1

41, 24, 32, 26, 27, 27, 30, 24, 38, 21

21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 38, 41

Слайд 5

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Data in raw form (as collected): 24,

26, 24, 21, 27, 27, 30, 41, 32, 38
Data in ordered array from smallest to largest: 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 38, 41
Stem-and-leaf display:

Organizing Numerical Data

(continued)

Слайд 6

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Tabulating and Graphing Numerical Data
Numerical Data
Ordered Array
Stem

and Leaf
Display

Histograms

Ogive

Tables

41, 24, 32, 26, 27, 27, 30, 24, 38, 21

21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 38, 41

Frequency Distributions
Cumulative Distributions

Polygons

Слайд 7

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Tabulating Numerical Data: Frequency Distributions
Sort raw data

in ascending order: 12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58
Find range: 58 - 12 = 46
Select number of classes: 5 (usually between 5 and 15)
Compute class interval (width): 10 (46/5 then round up)
Determine class boundaries (limits): 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60
Compute class midpoints: 15, 25, 35, 45, 55
Count observations & assign to classes

Слайд 8

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Frequency Distributions, Relative Frequency Distributions and Percentage

Distributions

Class Frequency

10 but under 20 3 .15 15
20 but under 30 6 .30 30
30 but under 40 5 .25 25
40 but under 50 4 .20 20
50 but under 60 2 .10 10
Total 20 1 100

Relative
Frequency

Percentage

Data in ordered array:
12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58

Слайд 9

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Graphing Numerical Data: The Histogram
Data in ordered

array:
12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58

No Gaps Between Bars

Class Midpoints

Class Boundaries

Слайд 10

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Graphing Numerical Data: The Frequency Polygon
Class Midpoints
Data

in ordered array:
12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58

Слайд 11

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Tabulating Numerical Data: Cumulative Frequency
Cumulative Cumulative
Class

Frequency % Frequency
10 but under 20 3 15
20 but under 30 9 45
30 but under 40 14 70
40 but under 50 18 90
50 but under 60 20 100

Data in ordered array:
12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58

Слайд 12

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Graphing Numerical Data: The Ogive (Cumulative %

Polygon)

Class Boundaries (Not Midpoints)

Data in ordered array:
12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58

Слайд 13

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Graphing Bivariate Numerical Data (Scatter Plot)

Слайд 14

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Tabulating and Graphing Categorical Data:Univariate Data
Categorical Data
Tabulating

Data
The Summary Table

Graphing Data

Pie Charts

Pareto Diagram

Bar Charts

Слайд 15

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Summary Table (for an Investor’s Portfolio)
Investment Category Amount Percentage

(in thousands $)
Stocks 46.5 42.27
Bonds 32 29.09
CD 15.5 14.09
Savings 16 14.55
Total 110 100

Variables are Categorical

Слайд 16

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Graphing Categorical Data: Univariate Data
Categorical Data
Tabulating Data
The

Summary Table

Слайд 17

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Bar Chart (for an Investor’s Portfolio)

Слайд 18

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Pie Chart (for an Investor’s Portfolio)
Percentages are

rounded to the nearest percent.

Amount Invested in K$

Savings
15%

CD 14%

Bonds 29%

Stocks
42%

Слайд 19

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Pareto Diagram
Axis for line graph shows cumulative

% invested

Axis for bar chart shows % invested in each category

Слайд 20

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Tabulating and Graphing Bivariate Categorical Data
Contingency tables:

investment in thousands of dollars

Investment Investor A Investor B Investor C Total Category
Stocks 46.5 55 27.5 129
Bonds 32 44 19 95
CD 15.5 20 13.5 49
Savings 16 28 7 51
Total 110 147 67 324

Слайд 21

side charts

Слайд 22

way that provides substance, statistics and design
Communicates complex ideas with clarity, precision and efficiency
Gives the largest number of ideas in the most efficient manner
Almost always involves several dimensions
Tells the truth about the data

Слайд 23

basis in comparing data between groups
Compressing the vertical axis
Providing no zero point on the vertical axis

Errors in Presenting Data

Слайд 24

Wage

Minimum Wage

1960

1970

1980

1990

Bad Presentation

✔

Слайд 25

received by students.

Bad Presentation

100

200

300

Freq.

FR = Freshmen, SO = Sophomore, JR = Junior, SR = Senior

✔

Слайд 26

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Compressing Vertical Axis
Good Presentation
Quarterly Sales
Quarterly Sales
Bad Presentation
0
25
50
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
$
0
100
200
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
$
✔

Слайд 27

Sales

Monthly Sales

Bad Presentation

Graphing the first six months of sales.

✔

Слайд 28

stem-leaf display
Tabulated and graphed univariate numerical data
Frequency distributions: tables, histograms, polygon
Cumulative distributions: tables and the Ogive
Graphed bivariate numerical data

Statistics for Managers using Microsoft Excel 3rd Edition

Содержание

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter TopicsOrganizing numerical dataThe ordered array and

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter TopicsTabulating and graphing Univariate categorical dataThe

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Organizing Numerical DataNumerical DataOrdered ArrayStem and LeafDisplayFrequency

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Data in raw form (as collected): 24,

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Numerical DataNumerical DataOrdered ArrayStem

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating Numerical Data: Frequency DistributionsSort raw data

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Frequency Distributions, Relative Frequency Distributions and Percentage

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Numerical Data: The HistogramData in ordered

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Numerical Data: The Frequency PolygonClass MidpointsData

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating Numerical Data: Cumulative Frequency Cumulative CumulativeClass

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Numerical Data: The Ogive (Cumulative %

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Bivariate Numerical Data (Scatter Plot)

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Categorical Data:Univariate DataCategorical DataTabulating

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Summary Table (for an Investor’s Portfolio)Investment Category Amount Percentage

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Graphing Categorical Data: Univariate DataCategorical DataTabulating DataThe

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Bar Chart (for an Investor’s Portfolio)

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Pie Chart (for an Investor’s Portfolio)Percentages are

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Pareto DiagramAxis for line graph shows cumulative

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Bivariate Categorical DataContingency tables:

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Tabulating and Graphing Bivariate Categorical DataSide by

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Principles of Graphical ExcellencePresents data in a

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Using “chart junk”Failing to provide a relative

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. “Chart Junk”Good Presentation1960: $1.001970: $1.601980: $3.101990: $3.80Minimum

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. No Relative BasisGood PresentationA’s received by students.A’s

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Compressing Vertical AxisGood PresentationQuarterly SalesQuarterly SalesBad Presentation02550Q1Q2Q3Q4$0100200Q1Q2Q3Q4$✔

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. No Zero Point on Vertical AxisGood PresentationMonthly

© 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter SummaryOrganized numerical dataThe ordered array and

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Chapter Summary
Organized numerical data
The ordered array and