Teaching languages to young learners

Август 1, 2022

Главная
Культурология
Teaching languages to young learners

Содержание

2. Vocabulary 1- Overview and importance of Vocabulary development 2- Teaching activities and strategies 3- practical applications
3. Why is vocabulary so important? Teaching and developing vocabulary is absolutely essential with young learners. Vocabulary
4. Vocabulary size To understand an unsimplified text in any language requires a vocabulary of around 8,000
5. You can test your vocabulary size my.vocabularysize.com/select/test “Test vocabulary size”
6. The importance of reading Young learners are like little sponges with information and reading helps discover
7. (Story fun 3 for movers)
8. Story fun…..
9. Interesting, colourful and lively pictures Level appropriate Strictly relevant to Cambridge curriculum Follow up and consolidation
11. Vocabulary teaching techniques 1- Mind maps 2-Word searches 3- Vocabulary picture games 4- Open ended exercises
12. Learning vocabulary is a process It is important to constantly be developing young learner’s vocabulary. Even
13. 1- Mind maps A mind map is a great and simple way to expand a young
14. ANIMALS KANGAROO AUSTRALIA JUMP POUCH JOEY
15. 2- Word searches This basic and fun technique can really help expand a young learners vocabulary
16. Creating word searches 1- Complete a word search related to the lesson theme 2- Give the
18. 3- vocabulary from pictures A simple way to teach vocabulary is to show a picture related
19. Variant one- Allow students to observe the picture and write as many words as they know
20. Variant two- Create an A3 list of words and stick it on the wall next to
21. Useful resource Cambridge English “word lists” These pictures can make a great warmer for lessons by
24. 4- open ended exercises In textbooks exercises are normally “closed-ended”, meaning that they have one correct
26. Extra points on vocabulary learning
27. Important aspects to note Word stress Spelling Synonyms
28. Sometimes teach out of context In general vocabulary should be taught in context of the theme
29. Review often On average, to retain the knowledge of a word a student should review the
30. Don’t forget multi-words items Roughly 10 percent of required vocabulary is made up of “multi word
31. Collocations Teach a word and also teach around the word. Prepositions- Sit on the chair…….Be angry
32. Vocabulary assessment Assessment is how we effectively understand if our students are retaining the vocabulary that
33. How to effectively assess young learners? Make it fun and simple, don’t scare the students Keep
35. Grammar 1- What is “grammar” to us and to young learners? 2- Teaching activities and strategies
36. What is grammar for young learners?
37. Tips for teaching grammar to young learners
38. Avoid grammatical terms With young learners grammatical terms such as “comparative”, “superlative” and “present perfect” are
39. Short but sweet explanations The first time a grammar concept is introduced, keep the explanation short.
40. Learning structures by heart Learning examples of grammar structures by heart is a great way for
41. Grammar teaching techniques 1- learning chunks of vocabulary by songs and chants 2- repeat presentations 3-
42. 1- learning chunks of vocabulary by drills and chants Grammar learning can be taught outwards by
43. By singing this song, children will drill the sentences “present continuous+ noun” to talk about activities
44. 2- repeat presentations By repeating the same presentation throughout the term, the teacher has the opportunity
45. For example- In fun for flyers, unit 4 is related to “family and friends”, the student
46. 3- sentence scrambling This activity provides a hands on experimentation with word order in sentences and
47. This technique is illustrated in many textbooks for young learners, it can be seen in this
48. 4- The sentence machine
49. 1- design your machine, making it as interesting as possible for students 2- demonstrate example sentences
50. Making grammar tasks into a game
51. Kahoot
52. Bamboozle
53. In conclusion Keep grammar light and accessible for young learners Expanding outwards from vocabulary is often
55. Скачать презентацию

Слайд 2

Vocabulary
1- Overview and importance of Vocabulary development
2- Teaching activities and strategies
3-

practical applications
4- effective assessment

Слайд 3

Why is vocabulary so important?
Teaching and developing vocabulary is absolutely essential

with young learners. Vocabulary is how we build comprehension and the ability to communicate in any language.
Under then correct conditions a young learner can be expected to learn around 500 words per year, with regular and high quality lessons focused on vocabulary so it is our responsibility to maximise this in order for our students to reach comfort and fluency in English.
Vocabulary is also the gateway to grammar, by teaching word chunks and associations we are already introducing grammar to our students at a young age that they will further develop as they get older.

Слайд 4

Vocabulary size
To understand an unsimplified text in any language requires a

vocabulary of around 8,000 words.
A native speaker adult- 20,000 words
A native speaker, aged 5- 5,000 words
A Young learner of English after five years of English lessons- 2,000 words
Shakespeare- 37,000

Слайд 5

You can test your vocabulary size
my.vocabularysize.com/select/test
“Test vocabulary size”

Слайд 6

The importance of reading
Young learners are like little sponges with information

and reading helps discover new vocabulary in context and strengthen connections between words i.e. grammatical patterns.

Слайд 7

(Story fun 3 for movers)

Слайд 8

Story fun…..

Слайд 9

Interesting, colourful and lively pictures
Level appropriate
Strictly relevant to Cambridge curriculum
Follow up

and consolidation activities
All of the above lead to an optimised reading experience

Слайд 10

Слайд 11

Vocabulary teaching techniques
1- Mind maps
2-Word searches
3- Vocabulary picture games
4- Open

ended exercises

Слайд 12

Learning vocabulary is a process
It is important to constantly be developing

young learner’s vocabulary.
Even with adult native speakers, the meaning of words becoming deeper and more complex over time. Rather than the basic association when we first learn them as children.
Take the example of the verb “to grow”.

Слайд 13

1- Mind maps
A mind map is a great and simple way

to expand a young learner’s vocabulary and create connections between the theme of the mind map and existing vocabulary in L1 and L2.

Слайд 14

ANIMALS
KANGAROO
AUSTRALIA
JUMP
POUCH
JOEY

Слайд 15

2- Word searches
This basic and fun technique can really help expand

a young learners vocabulary and also train spelling of words related to the lesson theme.
Word searches give exposure to the vocabulary in a fun and interesting way and also focuses on the spelling and structure of the words.

Слайд 16

Creating word searches
1- Complete a word search related to the lesson

theme
2- Give the students a 10x10 grid
3- ask them to create a word search with words they learned during this topic
4- have the class complete their classmate’s word searches

Слайд 17

Слайд 18

3- vocabulary from pictures
A simple way to teach vocabulary is

to show a picture related to the lesson theme and allow students to elicit as many words they know from the picture.
Colourful, busy and interesting pictures help create a connection between the meaning and vocabulary.

Слайд 19

Variant one-
Allow students to observe the picture and write

as many words as they know
Share their lists in small groups and add help with any translations
Pool their ideas as a class
Teach the unknown words to the students if any remain

Слайд 20

Variant two-
Create an A3 list of words and stick it

on the wall next to the picture
Students can take it in turn to match the words with the objects in the picture
The teacher will then be able to identify and teach the more difficult vocabulary

MONKEY HIPPO MUD LEAF
TIGER RIVER GIRAFFE TREE
SNAKE

Слайд 21

Useful resource
Cambridge English “word lists”
These pictures can make a great warmer

for lessons by creating a competition format between students

Слайд 22

Слайд 23

Слайд 24

4- open ended exercises
In textbooks exercises are normally “closed-ended”, meaning that

they have one correct answer.
Using open ended activities allows the students to be creative and review vocabulary, rather than becoming frustrated that they didn’t find the exact correct answer the book required.

Слайд 25

Слайд 26

Extra points on vocabulary learning

Слайд 27

Important aspects to note
Word stress
Spelling
Synonyms

Слайд 28

Sometimes teach out of context
In general vocabulary should be taught in

context of the theme but don’t allow this to restrict the scope of vocabulary that you learn in class.
If the students are interested in a topic, it is a great idea to enrich their vocabulary around this area.

Слайд 29

Review often
On average, to retain the knowledge of a word a

student should review the item between ten and sixteen times!
Therefore, even though we don’t have time to review every word we learn sixteen times, review is still of paramount importance.

Слайд 30

Don’t forget multi-words items
Roughly 10 percent of required vocabulary is made

up of “multi word items”.
For example- “of course”, “out loud”, “by the way”, “come round”

Слайд 31

Collocations
Teach a word and also teach around the word.
Prepositions- Sit

on the chair…….Be angry with your friend
Word pairs- Tall + person ……. High + mountain/building….Blue+ sky.

Слайд 32

Vocabulary assessment
Assessment is how we effectively understand if our students are

retaining the vocabulary that we are teaching them or not therefore it is an absolutely essential part of the vocabulary learning/teaching process.

Слайд 33

How to effectively assess young learners?
Make it fun and simple, don’t

scare the students
Keep it brief
Make sure the test is similar to familiar materials
Test students by not “testing” them

Слайд 34

Слайд 35

Grammar
1- What is “grammar” to us and to young learners?

2- Teaching activities and strategies
3- practical application

Слайд 36

What is grammar for young learners?

Слайд 37

Tips for teaching grammar to young learners

Слайд 38

Avoid grammatical terms
With young learners grammatical terms such as “comparative”, “superlative”

and “present perfect” are best to be avoided. These terms can easily create confusion in a class of young learners.
Rather than saying “We use the definite article when….” It is much better to say “We use THE when….”

Слайд 39

Short but sweet explanations
The first time a grammar concept is

introduced, keep the explanation short. Focus on the “how” rather than the “why”. Young learners should be given the tools to start manipulating grammatical structures in a way that they feel comfortable.
For example- for young learners, the difference between “will” and “going to” can be explained as “both forms are used to talk about the future”. The detailed explanation of the difference can wait for later.

Слайд 40

Learning structures by heart
Learning examples of grammar structures by heart is

a great way for a student to start applying them correctly. If students have a few samples of correct grammar structures memorised then they are more likely to create sentences of their own.
And memorising structures needn’t be boring either, techniques such as chants and songs are a great way to memorise structures.

Слайд 41

Grammar teaching techniques
1- learning chunks of vocabulary by songs and chants
2-

repeat presentations
3- sentence scrambling
4- the sentence machine

Слайд 42

1- learning chunks of vocabulary by drills and chants
Grammar learning can

be taught outwards by learning and drilling “chunks” of vocabulary.
With bigger classes it is more effective to use songs or chants than for the student to elicit responses from each student.

Слайд 43

By singing this song, children will drill the sentences “present continuous+

noun” to talk about activities we are doing at the time of speaking without learning any grammar terms, they will simply be able to read and then manipulate these sentences with assistance from the teachers corrections.

Слайд 44

2- repeat presentations
By repeating the same presentation throughout the term, the

teacher has the opportunity to assess and correct errors commonly made by specific students.
This activity will lead to increased fluency and automaticity and allow the students to feel any progress they made too!

Слайд 45

For example-
In fun for flyers, unit 4 is related to

“family and friends”, the student could be asked to make a presentation about their family.
The students would then subsequently present about this topic every few weeks (from scratch, i.e. without any previous notes) and by the end of the term, the teacher could assess and correct many common mistakes made by students.
Because this is somewhat of a “public performance” the students will be keen to ensure that all structures are as accurate as possible and error corrections will likely be more welcomely and attentively received.

Слайд 46

3- sentence scrambling
This activity provides a hands on experimentation with word

order in sentences and helps young learners become familiar with patterns and can bridge the gap between “game” and grammar for young learners.

Слайд 47

This technique is illustrated in many textbooks for young learners, it

can be seen in this activity from “Super Grammar- 1” for formulating questions with “where”.

Слайд 48

4- The sentence machine

Слайд 49

1- design your machine, making it as interesting as possible for

students
2- demonstrate example sentences using the machine
3- ask the students in pairs to create as many sentences as possible

Слайд 50

Making grammar tasks into a game

Слайд 51

Kahoot

Слайд 52

Bamboozle

Слайд 53

In conclusion
Keep grammar light and accessible for young learners
Expanding outwards from

vocabulary is often the best way for young learners to pick up grammar structures
Have fun, grammar doesn’t have to be boring

Teaching languages to young learners

Содержание

Vocabulary1- Overview and importance of Vocabulary development2- Teaching activities and strategies3-

Why is vocabulary so important?Teaching and developing vocabulary is absolutely essential

Vocabulary sizeTo understand an unsimplified text in any language requires a

You can test your vocabulary sizemy.vocabularysize.com/select/test“Test vocabulary size”

The importance of readingYoung learners are like little sponges with information

(Story fun 3 for movers)

Story fun…..

Interesting, colourful and lively picturesLevel appropriateStrictly relevant to Cambridge curriculumFollow up

Vocabulary teaching techniques 1- Mind maps2-Word searches3- Vocabulary picture games4- Open

Learning vocabulary is a processIt is important to constantly be developing

1- Mind mapsA mind map is a great and simple way

ANIMALSKANGAROOAUSTRALIAJUMPPOUCHJOEY

2- Word searchesThis basic and fun technique can really help expand

Creating word searches1- Complete a word search related to the lesson

3- vocabulary from pictures A simple way to teach vocabulary is

Variant one- Allow students to observe the picture and write

Variant two- Create an A3 list of words and stick it

Useful resourceCambridge English “word lists”These pictures can make a great warmer

4- open ended exercisesIn textbooks exercises are normally “closed-ended”, meaning that