Area Ecosystem Population

You are a scientist in the field of ecology and you

Data collection and analysis

Methods of mathematical statistics
The application of these methods

Types of statistical test
T-test (Student’s T-test)

Use to test the equality of

T-test

2 test groups
Determining the differences between the two groups
One or more

Example of research question

Which species of pine (Scotch or Kulunda) are more

Examples of Hypotheses

Research Hypotheses
In Kazakhstan the Kulunda pine is

Methods of ecological research

Laboratory method
Experimental and experimental method
Field method
The objects of

Objectives of field researches

Determine (определить)
the distribution (распространение), abundance (численность) and quality

Methods of field research

Lay out and describe a sample area (закладка

Example

Question: Which part of the school garden has more dandelions?
Research hypothesis:
Null

Method of research (squares method or key sites) метод квадратов или

Data collection

Number of dandelions on the school garden

Step 1

Calculate the mean value

Step 2
Calculate the deviation from mean by subtracting the mean from

Step 3

Square the deviation from the mean for both the samples

Step 4

Calculate the sum of the squares

Step 5

Calculate the variance for both the samples

Step 6

calculate the value of T using the formula provided in

T –value

Х1 - среднее значение выборки 1
Х2 - среднее значение

Answer

2,14

Step 7

Calculate the degree of freedom
Рассчитать степень свободы
df = (N1+ N2)

Step 8

Find the critical value using the t- table

Degree of freedom

2,31

Data analysis

If the T-value is less than the critical value, then

Analysis of results

If the null hypothesis is accepted, then there was