Содержание
- 2. DEFINITION Eclampsia is an acute and life-threatening complication of pregnancy, characterized by the appearance of tonic–clonic
- 3. Eclampsia includes seizures and coma that happen during pregnancy but are not due to pre-existing or
- 4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Typically patients show signs of pregnancy-induced hypertension and proteinuria before the onset of
- 5. In addition, with the advancement of the pathophysiological process, other organ symptoms may be present including
- 6. SEIZURES Chesley[2] distinguishes these four stages of an eclamptic event: 1. in the "stage of invasion"
- 7. 3. the next stage is the "stage of convulsion" when involuntary and forceful muscular movements occur,
- 8. In some rare cases there are no convulsions and the patient falls directly into a coma.
- 9. RISK FACTORS Eclampsia, like pre-eclampsia, tends to occur more commonly in first pregnancies and young mothers
- 10. Having a large placenta (multiple gestation, hydatidiform mole) also predisposes women to eclampsia. In addition, there
- 11. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY While multiple theories have been proposed to explain preeclampsia and eclampsia, it occurs only in
- 12. Placental hypoperfusion is linked to abnormal modelling of the fetal–maternal interface that may be immunologically mediated.
- 13. Eclampsia is seen as a form of hypertensive encephalopathy in the context of those pathological events
- 14. DIAGNOSIS Seizures during pregnancy that are unrelated to pre-eclampsia need to be distinguished from eclampsia. Such
- 15. PREVENTION Detection and management of pre-eclampsia is critical to reduce the risk of eclampsia. Appropriate management
- 16. CONVULSIONS Prevention of seizure convulsion is usually done using magnesium sulphate.[11] The idea to use Mg2+
- 17. As per Lu and Nightingale, serum Mg2+ concentrations associated with maternal toxicity (also neonate depression or
- 18. Even with therapeutic serum Mg2+ concentrations, recurrent convulsions and seizures may occur—patients should receive additional MgSO4
- 19. TREATMENT The treatment of eclampsia requires prompt intervention and aims to prevent further convulsions, control the
- 20. DELIVERY If the baby has not yet been delivered, steps need to be taken to stabilize
- 21. Management(carried out by a team) 1.Turn the patient on her side 2.Ensure clear airway(suction,mouth gag) 3.Maintain
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