Diseases of kidney

- Glomerulopathy
- Tubulopathy
- Interstitial diseases
- Tumors
- Congenital anomalies

Diseases of Kidney

Renal and extrarenal symptoms

Glomerulonephritis is an infectious and allergic disease or disease of unknown

Pathogenesis

1) NEPHROTIC
2) NEPHRITIC
3) SLOWLY PROGRESSIVE UREMIA

MAIN CLINICAL SYNDROMES

NEPHRITIC VS.
NEPHROTIC SYNDROMES

Palpebral edema

Anasarca

1. Primary, secondary, hereditary.
2. Acute, subacute, chronic.
3. Intracapillary, extracapillary.
4. Exudative, proliferative, mixed.
7. Diffuse, focal.

Principal classifications
of glomerulonephritis:

According to the etiological factors:
Primary glomerulonephritis:
Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis;
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis;
Membranous

MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Diffuse intracapillary glomerulonephritis (acute glomerulonephritis).
Extracapillary glomerulonephritis with crescents

Glomerulonephritis

Intracapillary

Extracapillary

ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

WITH NEPHRITIC SYNDROME
Edema, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting, weakness;
Arterial hypertension;
Hematuria;
Diuresis

“MOTTLED”
KIDNEYS

Immune complexes on basal membrane and/or mesangial cells
+
Deposits of IgG, IgM

SUBACUTE RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

MAIN FEATURE IS RAPID DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF

CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

LATENT
WITH HYPERTENSIVE SYNDROME
WITH HEMATURIA
WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
MIXED

“LARGE WHITE
KIDNEY”

Accumulation of lipids in proximal tubules

GLOMERULONEPHRITIS WITH MINIMAL CHANGES
(LIPOID NEPHROSIS)

GLOMERULONEPHRITIS WITH MINIMAL CHANGES
(LIPOID NEPHROSIS)

MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY

“SPIKES AND DOMES” ON BASAL MEMBRANE

MESANGIAL PROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS

MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Light micrograph in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis showing a lobular appearance of

FIBROPLASTIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

It is an outcome of any above mentioned glomerulonephritis
Morphologically:
- Glomerular

The most common causes are:
Tuberculosis;
Chronic diseases of lungs and bronchi;
Chronic osteomyelitis

CONGO RED STAINING

Amyloid (А) can be seen as fibrillar masses under the basal

ACUTE RENAL FAILURE

NECROTIC NEPHROSIS
ACUTE
TUBULAR NECROSIS

NECROTIC NEPHROSIS

PYELONEPHRITIS

ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS

COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS

Necrosis of the renal papillae (papillonecrosis) – necrotic

PYONEPHROSIS

CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS

“THYROID KIDNEY”

CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE