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- 2. FIRST RESEARCH Ethnology, a trend that emerged during the formative period of ethnology as a science
- 3. Evolution of culture The evolutionists considered the universal law of social development to be the evolution
- 4. Sum of independent evolutions Some scholars viewed history as the sum of the independent evolutions of
- 5. Main theses of evolutionary school The classics of Marxism used Morgan’s works and the works of
- 6. Evolutionism as a term Evolutionism is a term used (often derogatorily) to denote the theory of
- 7. The term used by creationists The term is most often used by creationists to describe adherence
- 8. 19th-century teleological use. More information Before the term was used to describe biological evolution, the term
- 9. Evolution in anthropology Edward B. Tylor and Lewis H Morgan brought the term "evolution" to anthropology
- 10. Evolutionism The BioLogos Foundation, an organization that promotes the idea of theistic evolution, uses the term
- 11. EVOLUTIONISM The theory of evolutionism, which could be regarded as the first ethnological theory as such
- 12. Sir Edward Burnett Tylor
- 13. Sir Edward Burnett Tylor Edward Tylor is known for being the first scholar who offered the
- 14. Edward Tylor Tylor is representative of CULTURAL EVOLUTIONALISM. In his works Primitive Culture and Anthropology, he
- 15. Edward Tylor Tylor is considered to be a founding figure of the science of social anthropology,
- 16. TYLOR. Some facts from his life
- 17. TYLOR He was born in London, into a family of wealthy Quakers. But due to the
- 18. TYLOR. First research During his traveling Tylor met Henry Christy, a fellow Quaker, ethnologist and archeologist.
- 19. TYLOR His first publication came in 1856 and was connected with his trip to Mexico with
- 20. TYLOR. First books His most famous work Primitive Culture appeared in 1871, which contributed to the
- 21. TYLOR. Works
- 22. TYLOR In his work Primitive Culture he seems to become the founder of Cultural anthropology. As
- 23. TYLOR In 1883 Tylor was appointed Keeper of the University Museum at Oxford, and in 1896
- 24. TYLOR
- 25. TYLOR As we remember, the word evolution is associated in people’s minds with Charles Darwin Theory
- 26. Evolution
- 27. EVOLUTION
- 28. HERBERT SPENSER Another scholar Herbert Spenser, a contemporary of Darwin, applied the term to the universe,
- 29. HERBERT SPENSER
- 30. HERBERT SPENSER
- 31. TYLOR So, the work Primitive Culture, which Tylor published in 1871 became the very start of
- 32. TYLOR Evolutionism was distinguished from another direction diffusionism . Diffusionism asserted that the spread of items
- 33. Two views These two views developed in a parallel way with the tree model and wave
- 34. TYLOR. BASIC CONCEPTS Culture, or civilization, in its comprehensive meaning or in ethnographic sense, is the
- 35. TYLOR. Conclusions Tylor asserts, and that differs him from many other scholars, that human mind and
- 36. TYLOR. Some conclusions Tylor often compares primitive cultures to “children”, and considers culture and mind of
- 37. TYLOR. Conclusions In his work Anthropology Tylor wrote that: “History, so far as it reaches back,
- 38. TYLOR . Conclusions Then there came into being the term or the theory of “survivals”, which
- 39. TYLOR. Conclusions “Survivals” can include outdated practices, such as the European practice of bloodletting. It lasted
- 40. TYLOR. Evolution of religion Tylor argued that people had used religion to explain things that occurred
- 41. TYLOR. Evolution of religion For Tylor animism was the best answer to these questions, so it
- 42. TYLOR Tylor thought that modern religious practitioners were no more advanced than people in the primitive
- 43. EVOLUTIONISM SCHOOL The evolutionism school created the first straightforward and clear-cut concept of the development of
- 44. Basic provisions of evolutionism 1. Classical evolutionist theory insisted on universal law of human cultures development.
- 45. Basic provisions 4. The development of any cultural element has been predetermined initially. Its more later
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