Содержание
- 2. The Part of Speech Category is a lexical-grammatical category. The word classes are characterized by certain
- 3. Parts of Speech are word classes united semantically and characterized by a very abstract, common meaning,
- 4. Criteria Semantic (meaning) Formal (form) Functional (function) According to the general (lexical-grammatical) meaning common to all
- 5. Formal and Functional Criteria In general grammatical characteristic of PoS their morphological and syntactic features play
- 6. The Role of Lexical Morphology There are certain word-forming affixes which indicate the PoS of a
- 7. The Problem of Validity of Criteria In order to have scientific validity any classification must be
- 9. Скачать презентацию
The Part of Speech Category
is a lexical-grammatical category.
The word classes are
The Part of Speech Category
is a lexical-grammatical category.
The word classes are
The grammatical signs characterize and distinguish between words, rather than their separate forms.
Parts of Speech
are word classes united semantically and characterized by a
Parts of Speech
are word classes united semantically and characterized by a
Criteria
Semantic
(meaning)
Formal
(form)
Functional
(function)
According to the general (lexical-grammatical) meaning common to all the
Criteria
Semantic
(meaning)
Formal
(form)
Functional
(function)
According to the general (lexical-grammatical) meaning common to all the
GM: nouns — substantivity, verbs — process, action or state, adjectives — quality, property, numerals — quantity, adverbs — circumstances, quality of the process, etc.
According to the specific inflectional features common to all the words of the gives PoS, i.e. common grammatical (morphological) categories.
GC: nouns — number and case, verbs — tense, mood, voice, aspect, etc., adjectives — degrees of comparison.
According to the syntactic role of the words of the given PoS in the sentence and their ability to combine with other words.
SR: adjectives — attributes, adverbs — adv. modifiers.
C: adjectives — w/nouns,
adverbs — w/adjectives and verbs.
Formal and Functional Criteria
In general grammatical characteristic of PoS their morphological
Formal and Functional Criteria
In general grammatical characteristic of PoS their morphological
E.g.: interjections and adverbs are both uninflected, but they belong to different PoS due to their different syntactic roles.
The Role of Lexical Morphology
There are certain word-forming affixes which indicate
The Role of Lexical Morphology
There are certain word-forming affixes which indicate
E.g.: -ness, -dom, -hood (nouns), -ate, -ize, -en (verbs), -ly (adverbs), etc.
But the role of these indicators in distinguishing PoS is insignificant and they are applicable only when they do not contradict the results obtained from the grammatical form of the word.
E.g.: difference (n) ‘разница’ — difference (v) ‘отличать’.
The Problem of Validity of Criteria
In order to have scientific validity
The Problem of Validity of Criteria
In order to have scientific validity
The classification could be consistent if based on a single principle.
A. I. Smirnitsky (1956) doubts the validity of distinguishing PoS according to the formal or functional criteria only: “nouns are nouns not because they are able to decline, but they are able to decline because they are nouns”.
Syntactic role may be induced by the general meaning. E.g.: adjectives — property — combined with nouns — attribute.