The air humidity

Сентябрь 3, 2022

Содержание

2. Memory flash ;) Please, give definitions to the following terms: Absolute humidity Specific humidity Surface layer
3. Non stop rotation of water in the atmosphere http://www.meted.ucar.edu/mesoprim/mesodefn/index.htm How much is the amount of water
4. 0
5. 1 m2 1 m2 1 m2 = 10 000 cm2 Water density = 1 g/ cm3
6. Annual amount of precipitation Spb 680 mm, Wien 300 mm, Amsterdam 1200 mm Tropics 680 mm/
7. 1131 / 25.5=45 times or every 8 days 1.29 *10 13 t of water in the
8. Equation of water transfer in the turbulent atmosphere Only specific humidity could be considered as a
9. Equation of water transfer in the turbulent atmosphere 1 m2 Amount of the w.v.mass remained in
10. Advective terms could be neglected (too small) Advective terms could be neglected (too small)
11. Eddy diffusion of w.v. Eddy diffusion of w.v. Horizontal transfer or advection Convective w.v. transfer Only
12. Distribution of the humidity characteristics with height in the surface layer Let’s find S=S(z) in the
13. (20.8) shows that the w.v. eddy flux in the surface layer can be regarded as approximately
14. Humidity distribution above the surface layer Comparision of calculated and observed w.v. pressure values shows that
15. Diurnal variation of the humidity characteristics Near sunrise 7 a.m. 3-5 p.m. 7-10 p.m. Diurnal variation
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Слайд 2

Memory flash ;)
Please, give definitions to the following terms:
Absolute humidity
Specific humidity
Surface

layer
Boundary layer

Слайд 3

Non stop rotation of water in the atmosphere http://www.meted.ucar.edu/mesoprim/mesodefn/index.htm
How much is

the amount of water
taking part in this rotation?

Слайд 4

0

Слайд 5

1 m2
1 m2
1 m2 = 10 000 cm2
Water density =

1 g/ cm3

What is thickness of water layer?

1 000 g : 1 g/cm3 =
=1 000 cm3
1 000 cm3 : 10 000 cm2 =
=0.1 cm = 1 mm

1 kg of water per 1 m2 ? 1 mm of precipitated water

Слайд 6

Annual amount of precipitation
Spb 680 mm, Wien 300 mm, Amsterdam 1200

mm
Tropics 680 mm/ day !

Слайд 7

1131 / 25.5=45 times or every 8 days
1.29 *10 13 t

of water in the atmosphere (3 phases all together)
Equivalent to 25.5 mm
Annual amount of precipitation is 1131 mm
How often is the water replaced in the atmosphere?
To evaporate 1131 mm of water we need
2.82* 10 5 J or 30% of solar radiation absorbed by the planet

1131 / 25.5=45 times or every 8 days

Слайд 8

Equation of water transfer in the turbulent atmosphere
Only specific humidity could

be considered as a conservative characteristic of w.v.content of a moving particle (no absolute or relative humidity, dew point, w.v.pressure

Слайд 9

Equation of water transfer in the turbulent atmosphere
1 m2
Amount of the

w.v.mass remained in the
air volume per a unit of time

Слайд 10

Advective terms could be neglected (too small)
Advective terms could be neglected

(too small)

Слайд 11

Eddy diffusion of w.v.
Eddy diffusion of w.v.
Horizontal transfer or advection
Convective w.v.

transfer

Only vertical eddy diffusion is represented here but it could be both vertical and horizontal

The equation is true for non-saturated air

in/outflux of w.v. due to evap./condensation

Слайд 12

Distribution of the humidity characteristics with height in the surface layer
Let’s

find S=S(z) in the surface layer ? integrate (20.5) from 0 to Z

With the accuracy 10 % :

Is the w.v.flux at z=0, i.e. the rate of evaporation from the Earth’s surface:

Слайд 13

(20.8) shows that the w.v. eddy flux in the surface layer

can be regarded as approximately unchangeable
with height ( as well as a heat flux).
Similarly to the heat flux :

(20.8) shows that the w.v. eddy flux in the surface layer
can be regarded as approximately unchangeable
with height ( as well as a heat flux).
Similarly to the heat flux :

“S” decreases at Q’0 < 0 with height proportionally to ln z

Слайд 14

Humidity distribution above the surface layer
Comparision of calculated and observed w.v.

pressure values shows that the observed values decrease with height much more rapidly than calculated ones.

Suring’s formula
( empirical)

Z in km
True within the boundary layer above the surface layer

Слайд 15

Diurnal variation of the humidity characteristics
Near sunrise
7 a.m.
3-5 p.m.
7-10 p.m.
Diurnal variation

is better pronounced over land in the warm season

w.v.pressure
Absolute humidity

The air humidity

Содержание

Memory flash ;)Please, give definitions to the following terms:Absolute humiditySpecific humiditySurface

Non stop rotation of water in the atmosphere http://www.meted.ucar.edu/mesoprim/mesodefn/index.htmHow much is

0

1 m21 m21 m2 = 10 000 cm2 Water density =

Annual amount of precipitationSpb 680 mm, Wien 300 mm, Amsterdam 1200

1131 / 25.5=45 times or every 8 days1.29 *10 13 t

Equation of water transfer in the turbulent atmosphereOnly specific humidity could

Equation of water transfer in the turbulent atmosphere1 m2Amount of the

Advective terms could be neglected (too small)Advective terms could be neglected

Eddy diffusion of w.v.Eddy diffusion of w.v.Horizontal transfer or advectionConvective w.v.

Distribution of the humidity characteristics with height in the surface layerLet’s