Refutation and Rebuttal

Exercise – Build your arguments

Definition

Refutation – an element of dispute, in the course of

Refutation consists of
1)Attacking the arguments of your opponent
2)Building your own

Types of Refutations

Denial Strategies
Acceptance Strategies

Denial Strategies

- Challenging the definitions and attributes
- Challenging the evidence
-

The structure of the 3-step refutation

1. “ Our opponents argue that..."

Challenging the definitions and attributes

Prove that definitions:
- Not quite clear to

Challenging the evidence

Show that:
- This "authority" did not conducted research

Demonstrating the opposite

"Other studies say the opposite"
"Our examples prove the opposite."

Demonstrating specific fallacies of the opponent

Acceptance strategies

Minimization
Superiority
Turn over

Minimization

When faced to a logically sound and correct argument, the team

Example

Statement:
- Freedom of speech leads to the instability in State.
Refutation:
-

Superiority

Very effective strategy . When faced to a logically sound and

Example

Statement:
- Freedom of speech leads to the instability in State.
Refutation:
-

Turn Over

One of the most effective strategies of refutation in which

Example

Statement:
- Freedom of speech leads to the instability in State.
Refutation:
-

Questions

Do you have to refute everything that the previous speaker said

Questions

Can you win without refuting the arguments of opponents?

OF COURSE !

Questions

Do you need to make the big emphasize on the refutation

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